Sigmund Freud and The Psychoanalytic Therapy 101Russell de Villa
Pretty much a 'simple' presentation showing the concept of Freud's Psychoanalytic Theory and a couple of techniques that come along with it. Used only for more 'advanced' learners in the field of Psychology.
This was presented on my Masteral Class on the subject: Seminar on Group Counseling and Psychotherapy. Feel free to edit, add your info, and even tweak the presentations to your desire.
Side-note: Pictures seen in the presentation are from artists from DeviantArt, Credit goes to all of them.
Sigmund Freud and The Psychoanalytic Therapy 101Russell de Villa
Pretty much a 'simple' presentation showing the concept of Freud's Psychoanalytic Theory and a couple of techniques that come along with it. Used only for more 'advanced' learners in the field of Psychology.
This was presented on my Masteral Class on the subject: Seminar on Group Counseling and Psychotherapy. Feel free to edit, add your info, and even tweak the presentations to your desire.
Side-note: Pictures seen in the presentation are from artists from DeviantArt, Credit goes to all of them.
Bipolar disorder often produces many symptoms and consequences, and so often needs many types of treatment, both medication and psychotherapy. The major forms of psychotherapy studied in bipolar disorder are Psychoeducation (teaching key illness management techniques), Cognitive-Behavioural Therapy (CBT), Interpersonal and Social Rhythm Therapy, and Family-Focussed Therapy.
Each of these approaches has some value, but:
How do they differ?
How does a person choose a therapy?
What is the role of more general psychotherapy?
During this presentation, Dr. Sagar Parikh provides a clear summary about each of the major psychotherapy treatments, how they compare in terms of research studies, and how they compare in terms of style and practicality. Some tips on how to choose a therapist are also highlighted.
in first few slide we have tried to explain briefly about psychotherapy and its type,later we have explained about the microbiological basis of psychotherapy
Antipsychiatry Movement arose as a zeitgeist of the 1960s anti-establishment movements. It has in a way contributed to the development of psychiatry by pointing out its short comings.
Bipolar disorder often produces many symptoms and consequences, and so often needs many types of treatment, both medication and psychotherapy. The major forms of psychotherapy studied in bipolar disorder are Psychoeducation (teaching key illness management techniques), Cognitive-Behavioural Therapy (CBT), Interpersonal and Social Rhythm Therapy, and Family-Focussed Therapy.
Each of these approaches has some value, but:
How do they differ?
How does a person choose a therapy?
What is the role of more general psychotherapy?
During this presentation, Dr. Sagar Parikh provides a clear summary about each of the major psychotherapy treatments, how they compare in terms of research studies, and how they compare in terms of style and practicality. Some tips on how to choose a therapist are also highlighted.
in first few slide we have tried to explain briefly about psychotherapy and its type,later we have explained about the microbiological basis of psychotherapy
Antipsychiatry Movement arose as a zeitgeist of the 1960s anti-establishment movements. It has in a way contributed to the development of psychiatry by pointing out its short comings.
FuseThinkstockLearning ObjectivesAfter reading this c.docxhanneloremccaffery
Fuse/Thinkstock
Learning Objectives
After reading this chapter, you should be
able to:
• Explain trait theory and how it emerged as a
dominant force in personality theory.
• Describe the emergence of the trait approach
to psychology and identify some contribu-
tions of important historical figures, such as
Allport, Cattell, and Eysenck.
• Describe how the taxonomy of traits was
developed based on language and how they
are organized into a hierarchy of factors (e.g.,
using three-, five-, and sixteen-factor models).
• Explain how factors relate to behaviors in a
hierarchy.
• Describe some of the important outcomes that
have been predicted by traits such as neuroti-
cism, extraversion, optimism, and locus of
control.
• Describe the stability of traits over the lifespan
and across cultures and languages.
A Trait Approach to Personality 8
Chapter Outline
Introduction
8.1 Trait Theory in Historical Perspective
• Traits as Building Blocks of Personality
• Hippocrates and Galen: The Ancient Greeks
and Humoral Theory
• Carl Jung’s Introduction of Introversion and
Extraversion
• Gordon Allport and the Analysis of Language
• Raymond Cattell and the Statistical Approach
to Personality
• Eysenck’s Model of Personality
8.2 Convergence on the Big Five
• Openness to New Experience
• Agreeableness
• Conscientiousness
• Big Five in Cultural Context
• Heritability of the Big Five
• The Big Five Over the Lifespan
• Characterize Mischel’s critique of the trait approach and the field’s response to that critique (i.e., the person-
situation debate).
• Describe the novel approaches to conceptualizing and assessing traits, such as the act-frequency approach.
• Characterize the complementary contributions of the goal approach, which examines traits in the context of our lives.
• Describe some of the commonly used measures of traits.
Lec81110_08_c08_225-252.indd 225 5/21/15 12:40 PM
CHAPTER 8Introduction
8.3 The Person-Situation Debate
• Responses to Mischel’s Critique of Trait
Psychology
• Understanding Situational Strength,
Domain Breadth, and Trait Relevance
• The Role of the Fundamental Attribu-
tion Error
• Summary of Person-Situation Debate
8.4 Supplementing the Big Five With
Complementary Approaches
• Projects, Life Tasks, Concerns, Strivings,
and Goals: An Idiographic Approach
• Act-Frequency Approach
8.5 Assessment Methods From the Trait
Perspective
• The Family of NEO™ Scales
• The Big Five Inventory
• The HEXACO Inventory
• Eysenck’s Personality Questionnaire
• Cattell’s 16 Personality Factor
Questionnaire
• Myers Briggs Type Indicator®
Summary
Introduction
John is presenting a lecture, and as is his custom, he keeps the students enter-
tained and engaged with his wit, smooth dialogue, and animated body language.
Given the reaction of the students, this is not a lecture, but an hour of informative
entertainment. After class, the students are drawn to John because of his gre-
garious and friendly de ...
1. AP PSYCHOLOGY THEORIES AND NAME
Harlow
Behaviorist
Attachment; cloth/wire monkey experiment (infant had stronger bond with cloth monkey – need
for affection creates a stronger bond)
Bowlby
Pyschodynamic (Developmental)
Atachment; watched babies, theorized that secure attachment early on leads to ability to develop
close personal relationships later in life
Freud
Psychoanalytic
Ed, ego, superego; defense mechanisms
Adler
Psychoanalytic
Inferiority complex; Will to Power and striving for superiority/perfection
Jung
Collective unconscious, anima, animus, dreams
Horney
Psychoanalytic
Groundbreaking work on neuroticism; concept of womb envy, criticism of penis envy
Cattell
Trait Theory
Used factor analysis to determine surface traits and 16 source traits & fluid vs. crystallized
intelligence
Allport
Trait Theory
Reduced behavioral characteristics in the dictionary from 18,000 words to 42
Eysenck
Trait Theory
Coined the “Big 3” dimensions of personality: Psychoticism, Extraversion, Neuroticism
Pavlov
Behaviorist
Groundbreaking research with dogs on classical conditioning
Watson
Behaviorist
Founder of behaviorism (American)
Skinner
Behaviorist
Described different types of reinforcement in his studies of operant conditioning
2. Bandura
Behaviorist/Cognitive
Studied observational learning (aka vicarious learning) in his Bobo Doll study; also created the
theory of reciprocal determinism, a social-cognitive theory of personality (external and internal
determinants of behavior interact reciprocally)
Kohlberg
Cognitive
Came up with stages of moral reasoning (preconventional, conventional, and postconventional) in
development of moral judgement
Erikson
Psychoanalytic
He said the world gets bigger, failure is cumulative, and described stages of development that
include an adolescent identity crisis
Rotter
Behaviorist (Cognitive)
Personality theory; looked at expectancy and reinforcement value in determining behavior
potential
Maslow
Humanist
Pyramid of needs; peak experiences
May
Existentialist
This existentialist psychologist believed that the individual must bravely face life as it is. He also
talked about 4 stages of development: innocence, rebellion, ordinary, and creative
Rogers
Humanist
The founder of the humanistic approach, he described an “actualizing tendency” – towards
fulfilling your potential.
Piaget
Cognitive
He described 4 stages of cognitive development (sensori-motor, pre-operational, concrete
operational, formal operational); also assimilation and accomodation
Asch
Behaviorist/Social
Studied compliance – by putting subjects in groups, asking simple questions where some
assistants had been told to give wrong answers
Milgram
Behaviorist/Social
Studied obedience to authority by putting subjects in a situation where they believed they were
shocking somenone, potentially fatally
3. Zimbardo
Behaviorist/Social
Studied instiutional norms; Stanford prison experiment
Bern
Psychoanalytic/social
“Exotic becomes erotic” theory of development of sexual orientation
Kathleen McCoy
Studied teenage suicide; refuted Lee’s idea of the importance of Sturm und Drang
Bowlby
Behaviorist/Object Relations
Studied attachment (secure attachment in early years = ability to form close personal rel’s later
on)
Ainsworth
Behaviorist/Object Relations
Categories babies as securely attached, insecure-avoidant, or insecure-ambivalent (insecurely
attached don’t deal with new experiences as well, may have problems with relationships later in
life)
Chomsky
Cognitive (linguistic)
Deep structure of language and the idea of a built-in language acquisition device
Darwin
Evolutionary
Form follows function; motivation is explained by biological necessity
Aristotle
Greek
Studied the soul; identified reason and physical faculties as separate elements
Plato
Greek
Described levels of consciousness in his “Cave”
Ekman
Found that facial expressions of emotions are constant across cultures (but that display rules
differ)
Festinger
Cognitive
Cognitive dissonance
Heider
Cognitive
Pioneer of attribution theory
Carol Gilligan & Kolberg
4. Cognitive/ Developmental
“Stages of moral care”; developmental theory for women
1. preconventional – individual survival
2. conventional “self sacrifice is good”
3. postconventional – nonviolence (don’t hurt self or others)
(Basic difference is that you start out by serving others, then realize that you are a person, too
(like the mother in The Hours)
Stanley Hall
Developmental
Early researcher in developmental psychology; described adolescence as a period of “sturm und
drang”
Hermann Ebbinghaus
Cognitive
One of the first researchers on memory; came up with the idea of using strings of nonsense
syllables to research memory
Titchner
Structuralist
Founder of structuralism, the analysis of mental structures (early schools)
Wundt
Introspection
Founded the first psychological laboratory in Leipzig; observed and recorded your own
perceptions, thoughts, feelings
James
Functionalist
Like Darwin, this early theorist studied how an individual adapts to and functions in their
environmeny
Hilgard
Cognitive/Behaviorist
Developed the idea of the hidden observer during hypnosis
Hull
Behaviorist/Cog
Drive-reduction theory
Izard
Cognitive
Found that facial expressions of emotions are constant across cultures
Kagan
Cognitive/ Developmental
This current psychologist emphasizes the effects of culture on development of both intellect and
personality, and says that personality can change over the course of one’s life
Koffka
Gestalt
5. Published an early textbook on Gestalt psychology (which studied perception, and how humans
combine parts into wholes)
Koehler
Gestalt
Published an early textbook on Gestalt psychology (which studied perception, and how humans
combine parts into wholes)
Lee
Cognitive
Identified 6 different types of love
Locke
Philosopher
Tabula rasa
Elizabeth Loftus
Cognitive
Debunked many ideas about repressed memories
James Marcia
Cog/Developmental
Four statuses of identity, related to identity crisis (identity achievement, foreclosure, moratorium,
identity diffusion (i.e. confusion))
Jay McClelland
Cog
Connectionist models of recognition (elements of letters activate starting points in a network; the
match that the sum of the activated points point to is the letter)
Schacter
Cog
Two-factor theory of emotion: generalized arousal and appraisal
Martin Seligman
Cog
Developed the theory of learned helplessness; also known for his research on optimism
Selye
Cog
Stress
Sternberg
Cog
This guy liked things to come in 3’s – he has a triarchic theory of love (intimacy, passion,
commitment) and of intelligence (creative/experiential, analytic/componential, and
practical/contextual)
Gardner
Cog/Dev
Multiple intelligences
6. Thorndike
Behaviorist
He built puzzle boxes for hungry cats and discovered the law of effect (in learning new tasks, you
repeat only the (random) responses that are reinforced)
Binet
Cog
Developed the first modern intelligence test, still the basis of modern IQ tests
Wechsler
Cog
Developed two new scales that are more popular today (gives more detailed results), the WISC
and WAIS
Frankl
Existentialist
He spent time in Nazi death camps; his logotherapy is based on the idea that people who have
hope tend to do better. (Adler = will to power, Frankl = will to meaning)
Yerkes/ Dodson
Behavioral
Organisms perform better at moderate levels of arousal
Mary Cover Jones
Behavioral
The “mother of behavior therapy,” she was a pioneer in counterconditioning, including a 3 year
old boy named Peter. (counterconditioned a boy who was pretty normal except for excessive fear
reactions)