This document discusses the design and testing of a Giant Magnetostriction Electric power Generator (GMEG) that converts vibration energy into electricity. The GMEG uses a Terfenol-D giant magnetostrictive material which changes shape under magnetic fields. Experimental results showed the GMEG could generate over 100W of power from a dropped metal ball and that output voltage increased with an applied preload of 8MPa to the Terfenol-D. A vibration deflector was also designed to redirect vibrations to the GMEG from different angles.

1. PROTOTYPING ECO POWER GENERATOR USING GIANT MAGNETOSTRICTION MATERIAL

2. CONTENTS INTRODUCTION ENERGY HARVESTING ELACTRIC POWER GENERATOR SYSTAM MAGNETOSTRICTION GIENT MAGNETOSTRICTION MATERIAL PRINCIPLE

3. GMEG EXPERIMENTAL SETUP EFFECT OF PRELOADING VIBRATION DEFLECTOR CONCLUSION REFERENCES

4. INTRODUCTION Introduces designing & fabrication of alternative & renewable power generator Generator uses vibration as a power source, which is easily accessible in our daily life By using the reverse transduction of the material called villari effect Giant magnetostriction material is used for the transduction purpose

5. ENERGY HARVESTING It is the process of capturing minute amount of energy from one or more energy sources This energy is storing for the later use Piezoelectric material is used for this process Creep problem & low susceptibility to mechanical impact are the drawbacks Terfenol-D is used as a magnetostrictive material

6. ELACTRIC POWER GENERATOR SYSTAM

7. MAGNETOSTRICTION Giant magnetostriction was first found in TbxDy1-xFe0.2 APPLICATIONS Positioning actuator Control servo valve Mobile robot These applications all make use of Joule effect

8. it is a property of ferromagnetic materials it causes to change the shape or dimensions of ferromagnetic material during the process of magnetization When we change magnetization the magnetostrictive strain will also change until reaching its saturation value, λ The effect was first identified in 1842 by James Joule

9. MAGNETOSTRICTIVE MATERIAL magnetostrictive material (inside), magnetizing coil, and magnetic enclosure completing the magnetic circuit (outside)

10. GIENT MAGNETOSTRICTION MATERIAL TERFENOL-D Terbium(Ter),iron(Fe), Naval Ordance Laboratory(NOL) & Dysprosium(D) Developed in Naval Ordance Laboratory The material widely used in academia & industries It expands or contracts in a magnetic field Magnetomechanical transduction ratio,Elongation,Energy density

11. CHARACTERISTIC OF TERFENOL-D

12. VILLARI EFFECT Inverse magnetostrictive effect variation in mechanical stress induces a proportional variation in magnetization along the direction applied stress APPLICATIONS vibration sensor developed by Yamamota

13. GMEG Giant Magnetostriction Electric power Generator It is the prototype of electric power generator using Terfenol-D More electric power can generate Used for low-power conception electronic devices

15. STRUCTURE Based on the cage yoke type giant magnetostrictive actuator It has vibration receiver section,giant magnetostrictive element & structural section Effectively forms a closed magnetic circuit

16. SCHEMATIC DIAGRAM

17. EXPERIMENTAL SETUP Check what level of electric power GMEG can produce A force is applied to GMEG by freely dropping a metal ball(72g) from a height(250mm) Terfenol-D rod used in GMEG have 10mm diameter & 25mm length Voltage & current produced measured by an oscilloscope

19. RESULT Maximum current & voltage observed are 214V & 0.48A Instantaneous power developed is 103W Generated power is proportional to the volume or weight of a giant magnetostrictive material Indicates big potential of GMEG to produce electric power, much more than piezoelectric device

20. VOLTAGE & CURRENT IMPACT

21. EFFECT OF PRELOADING The material consider of as an ellipse When a field is applying to the ellipse model, rotating the magnetization in the direction of the field & observing a change in shape magnetostriction may be increased by first applying a "preload” to the material and then applying a magnetic field

22. By rotating the ellipses perpendicular to the applied field before applying the field, the total magnetostriction is increased over the non-preloaded case A similar effect can also be expected for inverse magnetostriction.

24. PRELOAD Vs OUTPUT VOLTAGE Effect of preloading on GMEG was examined by varying a preload 20 different choices of preload were applied to GMEG A brass ball, 70g in weight, was dropped from 10cm of height ten times and the voltage outputs were averaged for respective preload choices optimal preload is about 8 MPa

26. VIBRATION DEFLECTOR A vibration deflector is a mechanism for changing the direction of vibration e.g., from horizontal to vertical or vice versa FUNCTIONL REQUIREMENT (1) Changing the direction of impact forces from perpendicular to horizontal with as little energy loss as possible. (2) Reducing fabrication cost by making its mechanism simple with less number of parts involved. (3)Using a material of high strength and rigidity

27. Deflector uses less number of parts Deflector allows GMEP to be installed away from a source of vibration Delivering vibration energy from a different direction of vibration source by a design modification of a fan-shaped object

29. CONCLUSION The device was capable of generating more than 100W when a brass ball of 70g in weight was dropped from 250 mm above Preloading affects increases the output voltage of GMEG 8MPa was an optimal choice for preloading Designed and fabricated a vibration deflector for effectively transforming the forces

30. REFERENCES Yamamoto,Y., Eda,H., Mori.T, Rathore.A, “Smart Vibration Sensor Using Giant Magnetostrictive Materials”, JSME International Journal, Vol. 40, No. 2, C,pp. 260-266, 1997 Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

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