- Ukraine sent a secret document to WTO members proposing to raise tariff ceilings on over 350 imported goods worth more than $4.6 billion. This has concerned other WTO members as it could set a precedent for increased global protectionism.
- The US said Ukraine's plan raises "serious concerns" but the WTO said members are allowed to renegotiate tariffs under its rules. However, diplomats said Ukraine's proposal to change hundreds of goods at once amounts to reopening its entire trade agreement.
- If Ukraine raises tariffs without negotiations, it could undermine the global trading system which is based on mutual tariff reductions. Trade experts fear Ukraine's move could trigger more protectionist policies during economic
Bus 626 Week 6 - Discussion Forum 1Guided Response Respon.docxcurwenmichaela
Bus 626 Week 6 - Discussion Forum 1
Guided Response: Respond to at least two of your fellow students’ and to your instructor’s posts in a substantive manner and provide information or concepts that they may not have considered. Each response should have a minimum of 100 words. Support your position by using information from the week’s readings. You are encouraged to post your required replies earlier in the week to promote more meaningful and interactive discourse in this discussion forum. Continue to monitor the discussion forum until Day 7 and respond with robust dialogue to anyone who replies to your initial post.
Jocelyn Harnett
Egypt has a sizable trade deficit that has continued to grow through the 21st century. The country has imports that make up a third of GDP and exports that make up one tenth of GDP. Egypt has many critical trade partners that include China, the United States, and the Gulf Arab countries. Throughout history Egypt has had an unstable government which has led to an unstable economy. This is related to the fluctuations the country has experienced in tariffs and taxes. The country has stabilized in recent years, but the historic instability still remains a critical factor when considering the expansion of Wal-Mart into Egypt. The trade deficit would not be a concern under normal conditions due to the fact that this means money is flowing into the country and creating new opportunities, but because the government is not stable Wal-Mart would want to ascertain that money was being invested properly in the future. If money is not being utilized correctly than the trade deficit becomes a concern because future generations are inheriting a debt that had no payback associated with it. The exchange rate of the Egyptian pound has gotten stronger to the US Dollar, which is a good indicator the economy is heading in the correct direction. Wal-Mart expansion could benefit from getting into the market in Egypt at the right time to see major profits.
Egypt is a market that will continue to grow as the internal government becomes stabilized and the country continues to focus on improving the economic welfare of the people. Currently the market in Egypt is volatile and companies that select to make an investment here must be aware of the many different cultural aspects that will affect success. The government is working to “find solutions and solve difficulties for people and businesses” (Bawaba, 2019) and has seen success in the first half of 2019. “At the time of May 31, 2019, the whole country had 721,516 businesses doing business, increasing 23,921 enterprises (3.43 %) compared to the end of 2018.” (Bawaba, 2019). This sort of success validates a foreign company wanting to make an investment, but continued analysis of the country’s government stability will be needed before each new storefront is added.
References:
Bawaba, A. (2019). Egypt : "Reviewing tax policies, finding solutions to solve difficulties for people and .
For all those interested in "Optimum Currency Areas" - my new infoposter "ECONOMICS" is now available:
- the poster gives an overview of the development of economic theory from its beginnings.
- the poster shows the historical roots of economic ideas and their application to contemporary economic policy debates.
View and order at http://www.cee-portal.at/PrestaShop
Best regards
Martin Kolmhofer
9 International Trade and Immigration Elite–Mass ConflictThe eli.docxevonnehoggarth79783
9 International Trade and Immigration Elite–Mass Conflict
The elite model portrays public policy as a reflection of the interests and values of elites. The model does not necessarily require that elites and masses be locked in conflict—conflict in which elites inevitably prevail at the expense of masses. Rather, the model envisions elites determining the direction of public policy, with the masses largely apathetic and poorly informed and/or heavily influenced by elite views. The model also acknowledges that elites may choose to pursue “public regarding” policies that benefit masses. Nonetheless, critics of the elite model often demand proof of elite–mass conflict over public policy and the subsequent shaping of policy to reflect elite preferences over mass well-being. Indeed, critics often demand proof that elites knowingly pursue policies that benefit themselves while hurting a majority of Americans. While this is not a fair test of elite theory, there is ample evidence that on occasion elites do pursue narrow self-serving interests.
In describing immigration and international trade policy, we rely on the elite model. Arguably, U.S. policy, especially in international trade, serves the interests of the nation’s largest multinational corporations at the expense of average American workers. We will argue that global trade policies have lowered average earnings and increased inequality in America. We will also argue that masses and elites have very different policy preferences regarding immigration.
The Global Economy
International trade—the buying and selling of goods and services between individuals and firms located in different countries—has expanded very rapidly in recent decades. Today, almost one-quarter of the world’s total output is sold in a country other than the one in which it was produced. Today the United States exports about 12 percent of the value of its gross domestic product (GDP) and imports about 17 percent.1 Exports and imports were only about 10 percent of GDP in 1980 (see Figure 9–1). Global competition heavily impacts the American economy.
FIGURE 9–1 U.S. World Trade
The “trade deficit”—the difference between what Americans import from abroad and what they export—has become wider over the years.
SOURCE: Bureau of Economic Analysis, www.bea.gov.
Currently, America’s leading trading partners are Canada, Mexico, China, Japan, Germany, Taiwan, Great Britain, South Korea, France, and Italy (see Figure 9–2). Note that some of these nations (Canada, Japan, Germany, for example) are advanced industrialized economies not unlike our own. But trade with developing countries (Mexico, China, Taiwan, South Korea, for example) is growing rapidly. And, as we shall see, it is trade with these nations that raises the most serious problems for America’s labor force.
Years ago America’s principal imports were oil and agricultural products not grown in the United States, for example, coffee. Today, however, our largest dollar-value import.
Divine Roles Across Cultures MatrixHUM105 Version 31Unive.docxjacksnathalie
Divine Roles Across Cultures Matrix
HUM/105 Version 3
1
University of Phoenix Material
Divine Roles Across Cultures Matrix
Select one common divine role that recurs in world mythology.
Possible options of divine roles include the following: father or mother divinities, divinities of war, home or hearth divinities, divinities of love, divinities of wisdom, divinities of medicine or health, divinities of the wind, divinities of agriculture, divinities of the sky, ruler of all the gods, and so on.
Identify the role in the title of your matrix.
Select two myths, each from a different culture, in which the divine role appears. Identify the divinity names and cultures in columns A and B.
Complete the matrix by answering each of the five questions for both selected divinities.
Title:
Column A
Divinity Name:
Culture of Origin:
Column B
Divinity Name:
Culture of Origin:
1. How is this divinity portrayed? Describe the divinity’s role within the myth.
2. Is the divinity male or female? What function does this gender play?
3. Within the myth of origin, how does this divinity compare with other divinities? How does this divinity interact with or compare to divinities of the same gender and to divinities of the opposite gender?
4. What are the divinity’s attributes, such as divine powers or characteristics? What objects does the divinity possess, such as a weapon or animal, that assist him or her?
5. Identify one character from contemporary culture that shares characteristics of each divinity and explain why you chose each character. What real-life ideals does this divine role represent? How attainable are these ideals?
Summary: Write a 150- to 350-word short essay addressing the following: Why do so many cultures have divinities in similar roles?
Case StudiesCase Studies
INTERNATIONAL FINANCE
Case Study 19.1: The Big Mac Index
As you have already learned, the PPP theory predicts that in the long run the exchange rate between two cur-
rencies should move toward equalizing the cost in each country of an identical basket of internationally traded
goods. A light-hearted test of the theory has been developed by The Economist magazine, which compares prices
around the world for a “market basket” consisting simply of one McDonald’s Big Mac—a product that, though not
internationally traded, is essentially the same in more than 100 countries. The Economist begins with the price of a
Big Mac in the local currency and then converts that price into dollars based on the exchange rate prevailing at the
time. A comparison of the dollar price of Big Macs across countries offers a crude test of the PPP theory, which predicts that prices should be
roughly equal in the long run.
This chart lists the
dollar price of a Big Mac in
March 2010, in 22 surveyed
countries plus the euro zone
average. By comparing the
price of a Big Mac in the
United States (shown as
the green bar) with prices
in other coun ...
Bus 626 Week 6 - Discussion Forum 1Guided Response Respon.docxcurwenmichaela
Bus 626 Week 6 - Discussion Forum 1
Guided Response: Respond to at least two of your fellow students’ and to your instructor’s posts in a substantive manner and provide information or concepts that they may not have considered. Each response should have a minimum of 100 words. Support your position by using information from the week’s readings. You are encouraged to post your required replies earlier in the week to promote more meaningful and interactive discourse in this discussion forum. Continue to monitor the discussion forum until Day 7 and respond with robust dialogue to anyone who replies to your initial post.
Jocelyn Harnett
Egypt has a sizable trade deficit that has continued to grow through the 21st century. The country has imports that make up a third of GDP and exports that make up one tenth of GDP. Egypt has many critical trade partners that include China, the United States, and the Gulf Arab countries. Throughout history Egypt has had an unstable government which has led to an unstable economy. This is related to the fluctuations the country has experienced in tariffs and taxes. The country has stabilized in recent years, but the historic instability still remains a critical factor when considering the expansion of Wal-Mart into Egypt. The trade deficit would not be a concern under normal conditions due to the fact that this means money is flowing into the country and creating new opportunities, but because the government is not stable Wal-Mart would want to ascertain that money was being invested properly in the future. If money is not being utilized correctly than the trade deficit becomes a concern because future generations are inheriting a debt that had no payback associated with it. The exchange rate of the Egyptian pound has gotten stronger to the US Dollar, which is a good indicator the economy is heading in the correct direction. Wal-Mart expansion could benefit from getting into the market in Egypt at the right time to see major profits.
Egypt is a market that will continue to grow as the internal government becomes stabilized and the country continues to focus on improving the economic welfare of the people. Currently the market in Egypt is volatile and companies that select to make an investment here must be aware of the many different cultural aspects that will affect success. The government is working to “find solutions and solve difficulties for people and businesses” (Bawaba, 2019) and has seen success in the first half of 2019. “At the time of May 31, 2019, the whole country had 721,516 businesses doing business, increasing 23,921 enterprises (3.43 %) compared to the end of 2018.” (Bawaba, 2019). This sort of success validates a foreign company wanting to make an investment, but continued analysis of the country’s government stability will be needed before each new storefront is added.
References:
Bawaba, A. (2019). Egypt : "Reviewing tax policies, finding solutions to solve difficulties for people and .
For all those interested in "Optimum Currency Areas" - my new infoposter "ECONOMICS" is now available:
- the poster gives an overview of the development of economic theory from its beginnings.
- the poster shows the historical roots of economic ideas and their application to contemporary economic policy debates.
View and order at http://www.cee-portal.at/PrestaShop
Best regards
Martin Kolmhofer
9 International Trade and Immigration Elite–Mass ConflictThe eli.docxevonnehoggarth79783
9 International Trade and Immigration Elite–Mass Conflict
The elite model portrays public policy as a reflection of the interests and values of elites. The model does not necessarily require that elites and masses be locked in conflict—conflict in which elites inevitably prevail at the expense of masses. Rather, the model envisions elites determining the direction of public policy, with the masses largely apathetic and poorly informed and/or heavily influenced by elite views. The model also acknowledges that elites may choose to pursue “public regarding” policies that benefit masses. Nonetheless, critics of the elite model often demand proof of elite–mass conflict over public policy and the subsequent shaping of policy to reflect elite preferences over mass well-being. Indeed, critics often demand proof that elites knowingly pursue policies that benefit themselves while hurting a majority of Americans. While this is not a fair test of elite theory, there is ample evidence that on occasion elites do pursue narrow self-serving interests.
In describing immigration and international trade policy, we rely on the elite model. Arguably, U.S. policy, especially in international trade, serves the interests of the nation’s largest multinational corporations at the expense of average American workers. We will argue that global trade policies have lowered average earnings and increased inequality in America. We will also argue that masses and elites have very different policy preferences regarding immigration.
The Global Economy
International trade—the buying and selling of goods and services between individuals and firms located in different countries—has expanded very rapidly in recent decades. Today, almost one-quarter of the world’s total output is sold in a country other than the one in which it was produced. Today the United States exports about 12 percent of the value of its gross domestic product (GDP) and imports about 17 percent.1 Exports and imports were only about 10 percent of GDP in 1980 (see Figure 9–1). Global competition heavily impacts the American economy.
FIGURE 9–1 U.S. World Trade
The “trade deficit”—the difference between what Americans import from abroad and what they export—has become wider over the years.
SOURCE: Bureau of Economic Analysis, www.bea.gov.
Currently, America’s leading trading partners are Canada, Mexico, China, Japan, Germany, Taiwan, Great Britain, South Korea, France, and Italy (see Figure 9–2). Note that some of these nations (Canada, Japan, Germany, for example) are advanced industrialized economies not unlike our own. But trade with developing countries (Mexico, China, Taiwan, South Korea, for example) is growing rapidly. And, as we shall see, it is trade with these nations that raises the most serious problems for America’s labor force.
Years ago America’s principal imports were oil and agricultural products not grown in the United States, for example, coffee. Today, however, our largest dollar-value import.
Divine Roles Across Cultures MatrixHUM105 Version 31Unive.docxjacksnathalie
Divine Roles Across Cultures Matrix
HUM/105 Version 3
1
University of Phoenix Material
Divine Roles Across Cultures Matrix
Select one common divine role that recurs in world mythology.
Possible options of divine roles include the following: father or mother divinities, divinities of war, home or hearth divinities, divinities of love, divinities of wisdom, divinities of medicine or health, divinities of the wind, divinities of agriculture, divinities of the sky, ruler of all the gods, and so on.
Identify the role in the title of your matrix.
Select two myths, each from a different culture, in which the divine role appears. Identify the divinity names and cultures in columns A and B.
Complete the matrix by answering each of the five questions for both selected divinities.
Title:
Column A
Divinity Name:
Culture of Origin:
Column B
Divinity Name:
Culture of Origin:
1. How is this divinity portrayed? Describe the divinity’s role within the myth.
2. Is the divinity male or female? What function does this gender play?
3. Within the myth of origin, how does this divinity compare with other divinities? How does this divinity interact with or compare to divinities of the same gender and to divinities of the opposite gender?
4. What are the divinity’s attributes, such as divine powers or characteristics? What objects does the divinity possess, such as a weapon or animal, that assist him or her?
5. Identify one character from contemporary culture that shares characteristics of each divinity and explain why you chose each character. What real-life ideals does this divine role represent? How attainable are these ideals?
Summary: Write a 150- to 350-word short essay addressing the following: Why do so many cultures have divinities in similar roles?
Case StudiesCase Studies
INTERNATIONAL FINANCE
Case Study 19.1: The Big Mac Index
As you have already learned, the PPP theory predicts that in the long run the exchange rate between two cur-
rencies should move toward equalizing the cost in each country of an identical basket of internationally traded
goods. A light-hearted test of the theory has been developed by The Economist magazine, which compares prices
around the world for a “market basket” consisting simply of one McDonald’s Big Mac—a product that, though not
internationally traded, is essentially the same in more than 100 countries. The Economist begins with the price of a
Big Mac in the local currency and then converts that price into dollars based on the exchange rate prevailing at the
time. A comparison of the dollar price of Big Macs across countries offers a crude test of the PPP theory, which predicts that prices should be
roughly equal in the long run.
This chart lists the
dollar price of a Big Mac in
March 2010, in 22 surveyed
countries plus the euro zone
average. By comparing the
price of a Big Mac in the
United States (shown as
the green bar) with prices
in other coun ...
IMG-8170.jpg
IMG-8171.jpg
IMG-8172.jpg
IMG-8173.jpg
IMG-8174.jpg
IMG-8175.jpg
Investigate the company’s earnings in its latest quarter. Explain how currency fluctuations across the globe have affected earnings. Search each of the latest financial reports to find such information. Make sure you research the information from the perspective of currency fluctuations on revenue, earnings, and global market share.
Yum! Brands, Inc. is a major franchisor and licensor of fast-food restaurants with more than 49,000 units in over 145 countries. They include KFC, Pizza Hut, and Taco Bell brands. On April 28, 2021, Yum! Brands reported a “strong recovery driven by record digital system sales of over $5 billion with accelerated off-premise growth” (Yum! Press Release, 2021, para. 1). The report continues, “worldwide system sales excluding foreign currency translation grew 11%, with 9% same-store sales and 1% unit growth” (para. 1). Since the company acquired two technology-focused companies, they expect to increase exposure of their brands through digital and marketing campaigns. The report is extensive since three major brands are represented through Yum! Brands, Inc. KFC and Taco Bell increased 11%, while Pizza Hut grew at 7%.
“Foreign currency translation favorably impacted divisional operating profit by $16 million” (Yum! Press Release, 2021, para. 4). Since Yum! Brands are present in 145 countries, currency fluctuations across the globe make significant differences in profitability. Clearly, the COVID-19 pandemic leaves the brand to uncertainties surrounding the duration of restaurant operations. Revenue in the Q1 of 2021 were 1.435 billion. While CFRA provides a favorable outlook for Yum! Brands in the coming year, one caveat pertaining to our discussion topic for this week has to do with “a steep and/or protracted global economic recession or sharp decline in consumer spending; and foreign currency headwinds” (CFRA, 2021, p. 1). Most of this has to do with the COVID-19 pandemic.
An outcome from the pandemic is increased efforts for cost reduction measures, including efficiency improvements. Related to exchange rate, Yum! has made a major push in China since 2016, which has a population of 1.3 billion with a rapidly growing economy. “The company plans to increase the number of units in China at a double-digit rate with same-store sales growth of at least 5%” (CFRA, 2021, p. 2). The opportunity in China could present a great deal of growth, particularly with China’s relatively stable currency.
===========================
John Deere was officially incorporated in Moline Ill. In 1868 as Deere and Company (Columbia Electronic Encyclopedia, 2021). The company was started by John Deere that was born in 1804 and started selling plows in 1837, before moving to Moline Ill. (Columbia Electronic Encyclopedia, 2021). In the first quarter of 2021 John Deere grossed nearly 12 billion compared to just ...
WTO & Trade Issues - International Trade Environment.pptxDiksha Vashisht
To better understand how modern global trade has evolved, it’s important to understand how countries traded with one another historically. Over time, economists have developed theories to explain the mechanisms of global trade.
The main historical theories are called classical and are from the perspective of a country, or country-based.
International Economics & Policy (VV2)
We Also Provide SYNOPSIS AND PROJECT.
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NameStudent Number Spanish III Part I Midterm Exam.docxMARRY7
Name/Student Number:
Spanish III Part I Midterm Exam
Short Answer – Write your answers below each question. Use complete sentences. Answers
should be in Spanish.
1. ¿Qué es lo que más te gusta hacer en una excursión a un parque nacional? ¿Qué es lo que
menos te gusta?
2. ¿A qué eventos deportivos te gusta asistir?
3. ¿Por qué viajan muchos peregrinos a Santiago de Compostela hoy en día?
4. ¿Por qué se oyen ruidos a veces desde muy dentro del Popocatépetl?
5. ¿Qué obras de arte o de literatura influyen en tu vida?
6. ¿Cuál es tu opinión sobre las obras de Joan Miró?
7. ¿Qué hago para ponerme en forma?
8. ¿Qué me recomiendas para no sufrir de estrés?
9. ¿Cuándo te preocupas?
Una chica está hablando con su amiga sobre sus relaciones con gente de la escuela y su
familia. Le dice lo que piensa y su amiga le responde, expresando una opinión. Escribe las
respuestas de la amiga, usando la expresión entre paréntesis.
Modelo Algunas personas de nuestra escuela no guardan secretos. (Temo que)
Temo que algunas personas de nuestra escuela no guarden secretos.
10. José está enojado con Juan. (Siento que)
____________________________________________________________
11. En las carreras, ¿prefieres observar o participar? ¿Por qué?
12. En tu opinión, ¿cómo es la música de la salsa?
13. ¿Quién te aconseja cuando te sientes fatal?
14. ¿Qué le aconsejas a un amigo que come mucha comida mala para la salud?
15. ¿Cómo te reconcilias con tus padres después de una pelea?
16. ¿Adónde te gusta ir de cámping? ¿Por qué?
17. ¿Qué deportes jugabas cuando eras niño(a)?
18. ¿Qué obra de arte has visto que te ha impresionado más? ¿Por qué?
19. ¿Qué comes para seguir una dieta nutritiva?
20. ¿Cuáles son algunos temas que muchos poetas hispanos usan en sus poesías? Nombra 2 o
más temas, por lo menos.
Case StudiesCase Studies
INTERNATIONAL FINANCE
Case Study 20.1: The Big Mac Index
As you have already learned, the PPP theory predicts that in the long run the exchange rate between two cur-
rencies should move toward equalizing the cost in each country of an identical basket of internationally traded
goods. A light-hearted test of the theory has been developed by The Economist magazine, which compares prices
around the world for a “market basket” consisting simply of one McDonald’s Big Mac—a product that, though not
internationally traded, is essentially the same in more than 100 countries. The Economist begins with the price of a
Big Mac in the local currency and then converts that price into dollars based on the exchange rate prevailing at the
time. A comparison of the dollar price of Big Macs across countries offers a crude test of the PPP theory, which predicts that prices should be
roughly equal in the long run.
This chart lists the dollar
price of a Big Mac in March
2010, in 22 surveyed
countries plus the euro zone
average. By comparing th ...
APA, The assignment require a contemporary approach addressing Race,.docxamrit47
APA, The assignment require a contemporary approach addressing Race, Gender, and Crime. All work will include an introduction and a cogent thesis. The literature review will include a body of knowledge inclusive of in text citations, and supporting relevant references. The paper should end with discussions that highlight the future of the CJS. A conclusion of the literature review will end the written assignment. The assignment will consist of 2000 words. Reference page along with 6 peer reviewed references and course textbook.
.
APA style and all questions answered ( no min page requirements) .docxamrit47
APA style and all questions answered ( no min page requirements)
Diagnostic Techniques -
Pick any two diseases that require diagnostic tests to identify them from the body system. Use one of the body systems: cardiovascular, respiratory, renal, hepatobiliary, lymphatic, reproductive or nervous systems. For each of the diseases, explain:
Why is a particular test recommended?
How does the test work?
What information is obtained from the diagnostic test regarding the disease?
Does the diagnosis need confirmation with another diagnostic test?
.
Apa format1-2 paragraphsreferences It is often said th.docxamrit47
Apa format
1-2 paragraphs
references
It is often said that people today are no longer loyal to organizations. Yet employees are loyal to their direct supervisor. This discussion question asks you to evaluate and apply your understanding of followership theory. Reflect on any techniques for understanding, achieving, and positively applying organizational and personal power and influence as a follower.
When effective leaders leave an organization to move on to another organization, they often take at least one or two employees. Employees who respect a leader and have generated a relationship and bond want to work under that leader. One indicator of effective leaders is communication skills in which a leader is attuned to the needs of each employee.
REAL-LIFE APPLICATION: Discuss a leader with whom you are familiar and who has the loyalty of his or her direct reports. Alternatively, you might interview a friend or family member about their experiences or you may research a well-known leader. Address the following in your response.
Evaluate how this leader earns respect and loyalty from his or her employees.
If you were in a leadership position, what methods would you implement to inspire, motivate, and empower your employees?
Support your discussion with at least one scholarly article and, if relevant, credible media reports, and cite each source using APA style.
.
APA format2-3 pages, double-spaced1. Choose a speech to review. It.docxamrit47
APA format2-3 pages, double-spaced
1. Choose a speech to review. It can be any type (informative, persuasive, special occasion). It should be between 7-20 minutes. You may search Youtube for videos of speeches (TED talks, commencement speeches, public addresses by government etc).
Copy the link of the video you've chosen to your submission form.
2. Analyze the speech content and speaker delivery, paying attention to:
what the message is
how the message is organized
nonverbal cues (tone, pitch, pauses, gestures etc)
the context in which the message is being delivered
3. Provide your opinion on the speech and speaker delivery.
What do you think the intention of the speaker is?
Does the effect on the audience seem to follow that intention?
What did you like about the speech?
Is it appropriate for the context; why?
Be sure to attach your essay as a .doc or .rtf file and make sure to proofread for spelling and grammar errors.
.
APA format httpsapastyle.apa.orghttpsowl.purd.docxamrit47
APA format
https://apastyle.apa.org/
https://owl.purdue.edu/owl/research_and_citation/apa_style/apa_formatting_and_style_guide/general_format.html
Min number of pages are 30 pages
Must have
Contents with page numbers
Abstract
Introduction
The problem
Are there any sub-problems?
Is there any issue need to be present in relation to the problem?
The solutions
Steps of the solutions
Compare the solution to other solution
Any suggestion to improve the solution
Conclusion
References
Research Paper topic:
Computer Security Objects Register
https://csrc.nist.gov/Projects/Computer-Security-Objects-Register
The Computer Security Objects Register (CSOR) specifies names that uniquely identify CSOs. These unique names are used to reference these objects in abstract specifications and during the negotiation of security services for a transaction or application.
The studies must look at different algorithms used CSOR and the benefits of using CSOR
.
APA format2-3 pages, double-spaced1. Choose a speech to review. .docxamrit47
APA format2-3 pages, double-spaced
1. Choose a speech to review. It can be any type (informative, persuasive, special occasion). It should be between 7-20 minutes. You may search Youtube for videos of speeches (TED talks, commencement speeches, public addresses by government etc).
Copy the link of the video you've chosen to your submission form.
2. Analyze the speech content and speaker delivery, paying attention to:
what the message is
how the message is organized
nonverbal cues (tone, pitch, pauses, gestures etc)
the context in which the message is being delivered
3. Provide your opinion on the speech and speaker delivery.
What do you think the intention of the speaker is?
Does the effect on the audience seem to follow that intention?
What did you like about the speech?
Is it appropriate for the context; why?
Be sure to attach your essay as a .doc or .rtf file and make sure to proofread for spelling and grammar errors.
.
APA Formatting AssignmentUse the information below to create.docxamrit47
APA Formatting Assignment
Use the information below to create a reference list using proper APA formatting
1)
Authors: Christina Jane Jones, Helen Smith and Carrie Llewellyn
Title: Evaluating the effectiveness of health belief model interventions in improving adherence: a
systematic review
Publication Year: 2014
Journal: Health Psychology Review, Vol. 8, No. 3, 253_269
DOI: 10.1080/17437199.2013.802623
2)
Authors: Mohammad Bagherniya, Ali Taghipour, Manoj Sharma, Amirhossein Sahebkar, Isobel R.
Contento, Seyed Ali Keshavarz, Firoozeh Mostafavi Darani and Mohammad Safarian
Title: Obesity intervention programs among adolescents using social cognitive theory: a systematic
literature review
Publication Year: 2018
Journal: Health Education Research, Vol. 33, No. 1, 26_39
3)
Authors: Christine Y. K. Lau, Kris Y. W. Lok, Marie Tarrant
Title: Breastfeeding Duration and the Theory of Planned Behavior and Breastfeeding Self-Efficacy
Framework: A Systematic Review of Observational Studies
Publication Year: 2018
Journal: Maternal and Child Health Journal, Vol. 22, 327_342
DOI: 10.1007/s10995-018-2453-x
4)
Authors: Amy E. Bodde, Dong-Chul Seo
Title: A review of social and environmental barriers to physical activity for adults with intellectual
disabilities
Publication Year: 2009
Journal: Disability and Health Journal, Vol. 2, 57_66
5)
Authors: Linda Irvine, Ambrose J. Melson, Brian Williams, Falko F. Sniehotta, Gerry Humphris, Iain K.
Crombie
Title: Design and development of a complex narrative intervention delivered by text messages to reduce
binge drinking among socially disadvantaged men
Publication Year: 2018
Journal: Pilot and Feasibility Studies, Vol. 4, No.105, 1_11
.
APA style300 words10 maximum plagiarism Mrs. Smith was.docxamrit47
APA style
300 words
10% maximum plagiarism
Mrs. Smith was a 73-year-old widow who lived alone with no significant social support. She had been suffering from emphysema for several years and had had frequent hospitalizations for respiratory problems. On the last hospital admission, her pneumonia quickly progressed to organ failure. Death appeared to be imminent, and she went in and out of consciousness, alone in her hospital room. The medical-surgical nursing staff and the nurse manager focused on making Mrs. Smith’s end-of-life period as comfortable as possible. Upon consultation with the vice president for nursing, the nurse manager and the unit staff nurses decided against moving Mrs. Smith to the palliative care unit, although considered more economical, because of the need to protect and nurture her because she was already experiencing signs and symptoms of the dying process. Nurses were prompted by an article they read on human caring as the “language of nursing practice” (Turkel, Ray, & Kornblatt, 2012) in their weekly caring practice meetings.
The nurse manager reorganized patient assignments. She felt that the newly assigned clinical nurse leader who was working between both the medical and surgical units could provide direct nurse caring and coordination at the point of care (Sherman, 2012). Over the next few hours, the clinical nurse leader and a staff member who had volunteered her assistance provided personal care for Mrs. Smith. The clinical nurse leader asked the nurse manager whether there was a possibility that Mrs. Smith had any close friends who could “be there” for her in her final moments. One friend was discovered and came to say goodbye to Mrs. Smith. With help from her team, the clinical nurse leader turned, bathed, and suctioned Mrs. Smith. She spoke quietly, prayed, and sang hymns softly in Mrs. Smith’s room, creating a peaceful environment that expressed compassion and a deep sense of caring for her. The nurse manager and nursing unit staff were calmed and their “hearts awakened” by the personal caring that the clinical nurse leader and the volunteer nurse provided. Mrs. Smith died with caring persons at her bedside, and all members of the unit staff felt comforted that she had not died alone.
Davidson, Ray, and Turkel (2011) note that caring is complex, and caring science includes the art of practice, “an aesthetic which illuminates the beauty of the dynamic nurse-patient relationship, that makes possible authentic spiritual-ethical choices for transformation—healing, health, well-being, and a peaceful death” (p. xxiv). As the clinical nurse leader and the nursing staff in this situation engaged in caring practice that focused on the well-being of the patient, they simultaneously created a caring-healing environment that contributed to the well-being of the whole—the emotional atmosphere of the unit, the ability of the clinical nurse leader and staff nurses to practice caringly and competently, and the qualit.
APA format1. What are the three most important takeawayslessons.docxamrit47
APA FORMAT
1. What are the three most important takeaways/lessons from the material provided in this module? (150 words or more)
2. Drawing on the material that was provided what else would like to know? What other related questions/ideas/topics would you like to explore in the future? (100 words or more)
3. What is lobbying? What role does it play in the relationship between government and business? (100 words or more)
.
APA General Format Summary APA (American Psychological.docxamrit47
APA General Format
Summary
APA (American Psychological Association) style is most commonly used to cite sources within
the social sciences. This resource, revised according to the 6th edition, second printing of the
APA manual, offers examples for the general format of APA research papers, in-text citations,
endnotes/footnotes, and the reference page. For more information, please consult the Publication
Manual of the American Psychological Association, (6th ed., 2nd printing).
Contributors: Joshua M. Paiz, Elizabeth Angeli, Jodi Wagner, Elena Lawrick, Kristen Moore,
Michael Anderson, Lars Soderlund, Allen Brizee, Russell Keck
Last Edited: 2016-05-13 12:06:24
Please use the example at the bottom of this page to cite the Purdue OWL in APA.
To see a side-by-side comparison of the three most widely used citation styles, including a chart
of all APA citation guidelines, see the Citation Style Chart.
You can also watch our APA vidcast series on the Purdue OWL YouTube Channel.
General APA Guidelines
Your essay should be typed, double-spaced on standard-sized paper (8.5" x 11") with 1" margins
on all sides. You should use a clear font that is highly readable. APA recommends using 12 pt.
Times New Roman font.
Include a page header (also known as the "running head") at the top of every page. To create
a page header/running head, insert page numbers flush right. Then type "TITLE OF YOUR
PAPER" in the header flush left using all capital letters. The running head is a shortened
version of your paper's title and cannot exceed 50 characters including spacing and punctuation.
Major Paper Sections
Your essay should include four major sections: The Title Page, Abstract, Main Body,
and References.
Title Page
The title page should contain the title of the paper, the author's name, and the institutional
affiliation. Include the page header (described above) flush left with the page number flush right
at the top of the page. Please note that on the title page, your page header/running head should
look like this:
Running head: TITLE OF YOUR PAPER
Pages after the title page should have a running head that looks like this:
TITLE OF YOUR PAPER
http://owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/resource/949/01/
http://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PL8F43A67F38DE3D5D&feature=edit_ok
http://www.youtube.com/user/OWLPurdue
After consulting with publication specialists at the APA, OWL staff learned that the APA 6th
edition, first printing sample papers have incorrect examples of Running heads on pages after
the title page. This link will take you to the APA site where you can find a complete list of all the
errors in the APA's 6th edition style guide.
Type your title in upper and lowercase letters centered in the upper half of the page. APA
recommends that your title be no more than 12 words in length and that it should not contain
abbreviations or words that serve no purpose. Your title may take up one or two l.
Appearance When I watched the video of myself, I felt that my b.docxamrit47
Appearance
When I watched the video of myself, I felt that my black straight skirt, closed toed shoes and white collared shirt gave a professional appearance and more credibility with the audience. My hair was a little too casual. I wished I had that one strand tacked back so it would have stayed out of my eyes. This made it hard for the audience to see my face and was distracting when I had to keep tucking it back. My earrings were small so the audience would watch me and not my jewelry. I wasn’t standing up straight and it made me look less confident. I need to remember to have better posture when speaking.Organizational Pattern
My introduction was slow and clear and the story was suspenseful enough to grab their attention. It was a little confusing at the beginning because I didn’t preview the main points but because I transitioned well between the steps by saying, “Now that you have completed step 1, selecting the pattern, you are ready to move to step two, preparing the wood” the audience was able to follow. I remembered to state my research source for two of the steps but forgot the third. It made the third step seem shallower and I think I lost credibility. My word choice was good. I made sure to use a variety of descriptive words for the types of wood, explained new vocabulary and repeated phrases to help the audience remember the steps. For some reason the ending was weak. I didn’t tie it to the introduction or have a good ending sentence. It would have been a good idea to remind them of the beginning story and how woodworking affects their everyday life.Vocal Qualities
During my speech I had such a dry mouth that I messed up on the pronunciation of some of the words like saying “exspecially” instead of “especially.” This sounded less professional to the audience. I had good projection so that even the back row could hear without straining. My pitch variation is getting better but I still keep using the same rhythm with my pauses. This make me sound more monotone, like I’m reading the speech rather than just having a conversation. I’ll need to practice changing my rate and pauses. I also noticed many of my sentences end in an up-pitch, like I’m asking a question. If I bring some of those down it will make me appear more confident rather than questioning. It is hard to get rid of those filler words. “Like” and “so” are two of my favorites but it does make me sound like a teenager. I had no idea I said them so much.Delivery
There weren’t many gestures, which made me look stiff and nervous. I just held my note cards and stood in one spot the whole time. I need to do more with my hands and maybe move a little more in the space. I really admire the people in class who have such a good flow with their delivery from gestures to using the space around them purposefully. I felt I held my note cards too close to my face and had my head down most of the time. While watching the video, I noticed I looked at my cards and the poster a l.
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Investigate the company’s earnings in its latest quarter. Explain how currency fluctuations across the globe have affected earnings. Search each of the latest financial reports to find such information. Make sure you research the information from the perspective of currency fluctuations on revenue, earnings, and global market share.
Yum! Brands, Inc. is a major franchisor and licensor of fast-food restaurants with more than 49,000 units in over 145 countries. They include KFC, Pizza Hut, and Taco Bell brands. On April 28, 2021, Yum! Brands reported a “strong recovery driven by record digital system sales of over $5 billion with accelerated off-premise growth” (Yum! Press Release, 2021, para. 1). The report continues, “worldwide system sales excluding foreign currency translation grew 11%, with 9% same-store sales and 1% unit growth” (para. 1). Since the company acquired two technology-focused companies, they expect to increase exposure of their brands through digital and marketing campaigns. The report is extensive since three major brands are represented through Yum! Brands, Inc. KFC and Taco Bell increased 11%, while Pizza Hut grew at 7%.
“Foreign currency translation favorably impacted divisional operating profit by $16 million” (Yum! Press Release, 2021, para. 4). Since Yum! Brands are present in 145 countries, currency fluctuations across the globe make significant differences in profitability. Clearly, the COVID-19 pandemic leaves the brand to uncertainties surrounding the duration of restaurant operations. Revenue in the Q1 of 2021 were 1.435 billion. While CFRA provides a favorable outlook for Yum! Brands in the coming year, one caveat pertaining to our discussion topic for this week has to do with “a steep and/or protracted global economic recession or sharp decline in consumer spending; and foreign currency headwinds” (CFRA, 2021, p. 1). Most of this has to do with the COVID-19 pandemic.
An outcome from the pandemic is increased efforts for cost reduction measures, including efficiency improvements. Related to exchange rate, Yum! has made a major push in China since 2016, which has a population of 1.3 billion with a rapidly growing economy. “The company plans to increase the number of units in China at a double-digit rate with same-store sales growth of at least 5%” (CFRA, 2021, p. 2). The opportunity in China could present a great deal of growth, particularly with China’s relatively stable currency.
===========================
John Deere was officially incorporated in Moline Ill. In 1868 as Deere and Company (Columbia Electronic Encyclopedia, 2021). The company was started by John Deere that was born in 1804 and started selling plows in 1837, before moving to Moline Ill. (Columbia Electronic Encyclopedia, 2021). In the first quarter of 2021 John Deere grossed nearly 12 billion compared to just ...
WTO & Trade Issues - International Trade Environment.pptxDiksha Vashisht
To better understand how modern global trade has evolved, it’s important to understand how countries traded with one another historically. Over time, economists have developed theories to explain the mechanisms of global trade.
The main historical theories are called classical and are from the perspective of a country, or country-based.
International Economics & Policy (VV2)
We Also Provide SYNOPSIS AND PROJECT.
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NameStudent Number Spanish III Part I Midterm Exam.docxMARRY7
Name/Student Number:
Spanish III Part I Midterm Exam
Short Answer – Write your answers below each question. Use complete sentences. Answers
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1. ¿Qué es lo que más te gusta hacer en una excursión a un parque nacional? ¿Qué es lo que
menos te gusta?
2. ¿A qué eventos deportivos te gusta asistir?
3. ¿Por qué viajan muchos peregrinos a Santiago de Compostela hoy en día?
4. ¿Por qué se oyen ruidos a veces desde muy dentro del Popocatépetl?
5. ¿Qué obras de arte o de literatura influyen en tu vida?
6. ¿Cuál es tu opinión sobre las obras de Joan Miró?
7. ¿Qué hago para ponerme en forma?
8. ¿Qué me recomiendas para no sufrir de estrés?
9. ¿Cuándo te preocupas?
Una chica está hablando con su amiga sobre sus relaciones con gente de la escuela y su
familia. Le dice lo que piensa y su amiga le responde, expresando una opinión. Escribe las
respuestas de la amiga, usando la expresión entre paréntesis.
Modelo Algunas personas de nuestra escuela no guardan secretos. (Temo que)
Temo que algunas personas de nuestra escuela no guarden secretos.
10. José está enojado con Juan. (Siento que)
____________________________________________________________
11. En las carreras, ¿prefieres observar o participar? ¿Por qué?
12. En tu opinión, ¿cómo es la música de la salsa?
13. ¿Quién te aconseja cuando te sientes fatal?
14. ¿Qué le aconsejas a un amigo que come mucha comida mala para la salud?
15. ¿Cómo te reconcilias con tus padres después de una pelea?
16. ¿Adónde te gusta ir de cámping? ¿Por qué?
17. ¿Qué deportes jugabas cuando eras niño(a)?
18. ¿Qué obra de arte has visto que te ha impresionado más? ¿Por qué?
19. ¿Qué comes para seguir una dieta nutritiva?
20. ¿Cuáles son algunos temas que muchos poetas hispanos usan en sus poesías? Nombra 2 o
más temas, por lo menos.
Case StudiesCase Studies
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goods. A light-hearted test of the theory has been developed by The Economist magazine, which compares prices
around the world for a “market basket” consisting simply of one McDonald’s Big Mac—a product that, though not
internationally traded, is essentially the same in more than 100 countries. The Economist begins with the price of a
Big Mac in the local currency and then converts that price into dollars based on the exchange rate prevailing at the
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This chart lists the dollar
price of a Big Mac in March
2010, in 22 surveyed
countries plus the euro zone
average. By comparing th ...
APA, The assignment require a contemporary approach addressing Race,.docxamrit47
APA, The assignment require a contemporary approach addressing Race, Gender, and Crime. All work will include an introduction and a cogent thesis. The literature review will include a body of knowledge inclusive of in text citations, and supporting relevant references. The paper should end with discussions that highlight the future of the CJS. A conclusion of the literature review will end the written assignment. The assignment will consist of 2000 words. Reference page along with 6 peer reviewed references and course textbook.
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APA style and all questions answered ( no min page requirements) .docxamrit47
APA style and all questions answered ( no min page requirements)
Diagnostic Techniques -
Pick any two diseases that require diagnostic tests to identify them from the body system. Use one of the body systems: cardiovascular, respiratory, renal, hepatobiliary, lymphatic, reproductive or nervous systems. For each of the diseases, explain:
Why is a particular test recommended?
How does the test work?
What information is obtained from the diagnostic test regarding the disease?
Does the diagnosis need confirmation with another diagnostic test?
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Apa format1-2 paragraphsreferences It is often said th.docxamrit47
Apa format
1-2 paragraphs
references
It is often said that people today are no longer loyal to organizations. Yet employees are loyal to their direct supervisor. This discussion question asks you to evaluate and apply your understanding of followership theory. Reflect on any techniques for understanding, achieving, and positively applying organizational and personal power and influence as a follower.
When effective leaders leave an organization to move on to another organization, they often take at least one or two employees. Employees who respect a leader and have generated a relationship and bond want to work under that leader. One indicator of effective leaders is communication skills in which a leader is attuned to the needs of each employee.
REAL-LIFE APPLICATION: Discuss a leader with whom you are familiar and who has the loyalty of his or her direct reports. Alternatively, you might interview a friend or family member about their experiences or you may research a well-known leader. Address the following in your response.
Evaluate how this leader earns respect and loyalty from his or her employees.
If you were in a leadership position, what methods would you implement to inspire, motivate, and empower your employees?
Support your discussion with at least one scholarly article and, if relevant, credible media reports, and cite each source using APA style.
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APA format2-3 pages, double-spaced1. Choose a speech to review. It.docxamrit47
APA format2-3 pages, double-spaced
1. Choose a speech to review. It can be any type (informative, persuasive, special occasion). It should be between 7-20 minutes. You may search Youtube for videos of speeches (TED talks, commencement speeches, public addresses by government etc).
Copy the link of the video you've chosen to your submission form.
2. Analyze the speech content and speaker delivery, paying attention to:
what the message is
how the message is organized
nonverbal cues (tone, pitch, pauses, gestures etc)
the context in which the message is being delivered
3. Provide your opinion on the speech and speaker delivery.
What do you think the intention of the speaker is?
Does the effect on the audience seem to follow that intention?
What did you like about the speech?
Is it appropriate for the context; why?
Be sure to attach your essay as a .doc or .rtf file and make sure to proofread for spelling and grammar errors.
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APA format httpsapastyle.apa.orghttpsowl.purd.docxamrit47
APA format
https://apastyle.apa.org/
https://owl.purdue.edu/owl/research_and_citation/apa_style/apa_formatting_and_style_guide/general_format.html
Min number of pages are 30 pages
Must have
Contents with page numbers
Abstract
Introduction
The problem
Are there any sub-problems?
Is there any issue need to be present in relation to the problem?
The solutions
Steps of the solutions
Compare the solution to other solution
Any suggestion to improve the solution
Conclusion
References
Research Paper topic:
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APA format2-3 pages, double-spaced1. Choose a speech to review. .docxamrit47
APA format2-3 pages, double-spaced
1. Choose a speech to review. It can be any type (informative, persuasive, special occasion). It should be between 7-20 minutes. You may search Youtube for videos of speeches (TED talks, commencement speeches, public addresses by government etc).
Copy the link of the video you've chosen to your submission form.
2. Analyze the speech content and speaker delivery, paying attention to:
what the message is
how the message is organized
nonverbal cues (tone, pitch, pauses, gestures etc)
the context in which the message is being delivered
3. Provide your opinion on the speech and speaker delivery.
What do you think the intention of the speaker is?
Does the effect on the audience seem to follow that intention?
What did you like about the speech?
Is it appropriate for the context; why?
Be sure to attach your essay as a .doc or .rtf file and make sure to proofread for spelling and grammar errors.
.
APA Formatting AssignmentUse the information below to create.docxamrit47
APA Formatting Assignment
Use the information below to create a reference list using proper APA formatting
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Authors: Christina Jane Jones, Helen Smith and Carrie Llewellyn
Title: Evaluating the effectiveness of health belief model interventions in improving adherence: a
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Publication Year: 2014
Journal: Health Psychology Review, Vol. 8, No. 3, 253_269
DOI: 10.1080/17437199.2013.802623
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Authors: Mohammad Bagherniya, Ali Taghipour, Manoj Sharma, Amirhossein Sahebkar, Isobel R.
Contento, Seyed Ali Keshavarz, Firoozeh Mostafavi Darani and Mohammad Safarian
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DOI: 10.1007/s10995-018-2453-x
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Authors: Amy E. Bodde, Dong-Chul Seo
Title: A review of social and environmental barriers to physical activity for adults with intellectual
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Publication Year: 2009
Journal: Disability and Health Journal, Vol. 2, 57_66
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APA style300 words10 maximum plagiarism Mrs. Smith was.docxamrit47
APA style
300 words
10% maximum plagiarism
Mrs. Smith was a 73-year-old widow who lived alone with no significant social support. She had been suffering from emphysema for several years and had had frequent hospitalizations for respiratory problems. On the last hospital admission, her pneumonia quickly progressed to organ failure. Death appeared to be imminent, and she went in and out of consciousness, alone in her hospital room. The medical-surgical nursing staff and the nurse manager focused on making Mrs. Smith’s end-of-life period as comfortable as possible. Upon consultation with the vice president for nursing, the nurse manager and the unit staff nurses decided against moving Mrs. Smith to the palliative care unit, although considered more economical, because of the need to protect and nurture her because she was already experiencing signs and symptoms of the dying process. Nurses were prompted by an article they read on human caring as the “language of nursing practice” (Turkel, Ray, & Kornblatt, 2012) in their weekly caring practice meetings.
The nurse manager reorganized patient assignments. She felt that the newly assigned clinical nurse leader who was working between both the medical and surgical units could provide direct nurse caring and coordination at the point of care (Sherman, 2012). Over the next few hours, the clinical nurse leader and a staff member who had volunteered her assistance provided personal care for Mrs. Smith. The clinical nurse leader asked the nurse manager whether there was a possibility that Mrs. Smith had any close friends who could “be there” for her in her final moments. One friend was discovered and came to say goodbye to Mrs. Smith. With help from her team, the clinical nurse leader turned, bathed, and suctioned Mrs. Smith. She spoke quietly, prayed, and sang hymns softly in Mrs. Smith’s room, creating a peaceful environment that expressed compassion and a deep sense of caring for her. The nurse manager and nursing unit staff were calmed and their “hearts awakened” by the personal caring that the clinical nurse leader and the volunteer nurse provided. Mrs. Smith died with caring persons at her bedside, and all members of the unit staff felt comforted that she had not died alone.
Davidson, Ray, and Turkel (2011) note that caring is complex, and caring science includes the art of practice, “an aesthetic which illuminates the beauty of the dynamic nurse-patient relationship, that makes possible authentic spiritual-ethical choices for transformation—healing, health, well-being, and a peaceful death” (p. xxiv). As the clinical nurse leader and the nursing staff in this situation engaged in caring practice that focused on the well-being of the patient, they simultaneously created a caring-healing environment that contributed to the well-being of the whole—the emotional atmosphere of the unit, the ability of the clinical nurse leader and staff nurses to practice caringly and competently, and the qualit.
APA format1. What are the three most important takeawayslessons.docxamrit47
APA FORMAT
1. What are the three most important takeaways/lessons from the material provided in this module? (150 words or more)
2. Drawing on the material that was provided what else would like to know? What other related questions/ideas/topics would you like to explore in the future? (100 words or more)
3. What is lobbying? What role does it play in the relationship between government and business? (100 words or more)
.
APA General Format Summary APA (American Psychological.docxamrit47
APA General Format
Summary
APA (American Psychological Association) style is most commonly used to cite sources within
the social sciences. This resource, revised according to the 6th edition, second printing of the
APA manual, offers examples for the general format of APA research papers, in-text citations,
endnotes/footnotes, and the reference page. For more information, please consult the Publication
Manual of the American Psychological Association, (6th ed., 2nd printing).
Contributors: Joshua M. Paiz, Elizabeth Angeli, Jodi Wagner, Elena Lawrick, Kristen Moore,
Michael Anderson, Lars Soderlund, Allen Brizee, Russell Keck
Last Edited: 2016-05-13 12:06:24
Please use the example at the bottom of this page to cite the Purdue OWL in APA.
To see a side-by-side comparison of the three most widely used citation styles, including a chart
of all APA citation guidelines, see the Citation Style Chart.
You can also watch our APA vidcast series on the Purdue OWL YouTube Channel.
General APA Guidelines
Your essay should be typed, double-spaced on standard-sized paper (8.5" x 11") with 1" margins
on all sides. You should use a clear font that is highly readable. APA recommends using 12 pt.
Times New Roman font.
Include a page header (also known as the "running head") at the top of every page. To create
a page header/running head, insert page numbers flush right. Then type "TITLE OF YOUR
PAPER" in the header flush left using all capital letters. The running head is a shortened
version of your paper's title and cannot exceed 50 characters including spacing and punctuation.
Major Paper Sections
Your essay should include four major sections: The Title Page, Abstract, Main Body,
and References.
Title Page
The title page should contain the title of the paper, the author's name, and the institutional
affiliation. Include the page header (described above) flush left with the page number flush right
at the top of the page. Please note that on the title page, your page header/running head should
look like this:
Running head: TITLE OF YOUR PAPER
Pages after the title page should have a running head that looks like this:
TITLE OF YOUR PAPER
http://owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/resource/949/01/
http://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PL8F43A67F38DE3D5D&feature=edit_ok
http://www.youtube.com/user/OWLPurdue
After consulting with publication specialists at the APA, OWL staff learned that the APA 6th
edition, first printing sample papers have incorrect examples of Running heads on pages after
the title page. This link will take you to the APA site where you can find a complete list of all the
errors in the APA's 6th edition style guide.
Type your title in upper and lowercase letters centered in the upper half of the page. APA
recommends that your title be no more than 12 words in length and that it should not contain
abbreviations or words that serve no purpose. Your title may take up one or two l.
Appearance When I watched the video of myself, I felt that my b.docxamrit47
Appearance
When I watched the video of myself, I felt that my black straight skirt, closed toed shoes and white collared shirt gave a professional appearance and more credibility with the audience. My hair was a little too casual. I wished I had that one strand tacked back so it would have stayed out of my eyes. This made it hard for the audience to see my face and was distracting when I had to keep tucking it back. My earrings were small so the audience would watch me and not my jewelry. I wasn’t standing up straight and it made me look less confident. I need to remember to have better posture when speaking.Organizational Pattern
My introduction was slow and clear and the story was suspenseful enough to grab their attention. It was a little confusing at the beginning because I didn’t preview the main points but because I transitioned well between the steps by saying, “Now that you have completed step 1, selecting the pattern, you are ready to move to step two, preparing the wood” the audience was able to follow. I remembered to state my research source for two of the steps but forgot the third. It made the third step seem shallower and I think I lost credibility. My word choice was good. I made sure to use a variety of descriptive words for the types of wood, explained new vocabulary and repeated phrases to help the audience remember the steps. For some reason the ending was weak. I didn’t tie it to the introduction or have a good ending sentence. It would have been a good idea to remind them of the beginning story and how woodworking affects their everyday life.Vocal Qualities
During my speech I had such a dry mouth that I messed up on the pronunciation of some of the words like saying “exspecially” instead of “especially.” This sounded less professional to the audience. I had good projection so that even the back row could hear without straining. My pitch variation is getting better but I still keep using the same rhythm with my pauses. This make me sound more monotone, like I’m reading the speech rather than just having a conversation. I’ll need to practice changing my rate and pauses. I also noticed many of my sentences end in an up-pitch, like I’m asking a question. If I bring some of those down it will make me appear more confident rather than questioning. It is hard to get rid of those filler words. “Like” and “so” are two of my favorites but it does make me sound like a teenager. I had no idea I said them so much.Delivery
There weren’t many gestures, which made me look stiff and nervous. I just held my note cards and stood in one spot the whole time. I need to do more with my hands and maybe move a little more in the space. I really admire the people in class who have such a good flow with their delivery from gestures to using the space around them purposefully. I felt I held my note cards too close to my face and had my head down most of the time. While watching the video, I noticed I looked at my cards and the poster a l.
apa format1-2 paragraphsreferencesFor this week’s .docxamrit47
apa format
1-2 paragraphs
references
For this week’s discussion, choose a current social movement from anywhere in the world. Then, using the required readings, videos, and your own research, discuss the “role these leaders” play in your chosen social movement. In addition, describe any group or collective processes that you discovered. Use specific examples to make major points.
Support your writing with at least two scholarly sources that are
in addition
to required reading.
.
APA Format, with 2 references for each question and an assignment..docxamrit47
APA Format, with 2 references for each question and an assignment.
1. Some say that analytics in general dehumanize managerial
activities, and others say they do not. Discuss arguments
for both points of view.
3. What are some of the major privacy concerns in employing
intelligent systems on mobile data?
4. Identify some cases of violations of user privacy from
current literature and their impact on data science as a
profession.
Ex.2. Search the Internet to find examples of how intelligent
systems can facilitate activities such as empowerment,
mass customization, and teamwork.
Reflective Assignment:
What has been significant about this course that will help you perform data science tasks in the future.
.
APA-formatted 8-10 page research paper which examines the potential .docxamrit47
APA-formatted 8-10 page research paper which examines the potential psychological impact of long-term exposure to mass media messages on the major issues surrounding political advertising and political campaigns in the United States and why it is currently relevant and impacts society.
12 Point Times New Roman Font
Double Spaced
Please include research that supports ideas and topics related to political advertising and political campaigns in the United States.
.
APA STYLE 1.Define the terms multiple disabilities and .docxamrit47
APA STYLE
1.Define the terms
multiple disabilities
and
deaf-blindness
as described in the Individuals with Disabilities Act (IDEA)
2.Identify three types of educational assessments for students with severe and multiple disabilities.
3.Identify the features of effective services and supports for children with severe and multiple disabilities during a) early childhood years and b) elementary school years.
4. Distinguish between the term
deaf
and
hard of hearing
5.
Identify 4 approaches to teaching communication skills to people with a hearing loss.
6.
What are the distinctive features of refractive eye problems, muscle disorders of the eye and receptive eye problems?
7.Describe two content areas that should be included in educational programs for students with vision loss.
8. Identify several disabilities that may accompany cerebral palsy.
9.What is spina bifida myelomeningocele?
10.Describe the physical limitations associated with muscular distrophy
11.Describe the AIDS disease stages through which individuals with the syndrome move
12.Identify present and future interventions for the treatment of children and youth with cystic fibrosis.
.
APA STYLE follow this textbook answer should be summarize for t.docxamrit47
APA STYLE
follow this textbook answer should be summarize for this below text
Study all types of Distributive Justice (6 or 7 total)
Summarize each in
one sentence
. Produce examples for each.
Don't use
any other text or article except this one.
There are different theories of how to make the basic distribution. Among them are:
1. Scope and Role of Distributive Principles
2. Strict Egalitarianism
3. The Difference Principle
4. Equality of Opportunity and Luck Egalitarianism
5. Welfare-Based Principles
6. Desert-Based Principles
7. Libertarian Principles
8. Feminist Principles
There are different theories of how to make the basic distribution. Among them are:
Strict Egalitarianism
One of the simplest principles of distributive justice is that of strict, or radical, equality. The principle says that every person should have the same level of material goods and services. The principle is most commonly justified on the grounds that people are morally equal and that equality in material goods and services is the best way to give effect to this moral ideal.
The Difference Principle
The most widely discussed theory of distributive justice in the past four decades has been that proposed by John Rawls in
A Theory of Justice
, (Rawls 1971), and
Political Liberalism
, (Rawls 1993). Rawls proposes the following two principles of justice:
· 1. Each person has an equal claim to a fully adequate scheme of equal basic rights and liberties, which scheme is compatible with the same scheme for all; and in this scheme the equal political liberties, and only those liberties, are to be guaranteed their fair value.
· 2. Social and economic inequalities are to satisfy two conditions: (a) They are to be attached to positions and offices open to all under conditions of fair equality of opportunity; and (b), they are to be to the greatest benefit of the least advantaged members of society. (Rawls 1993, pp. 5–6. The principles are numbered as they were in Rawls' original
A Theory of Justice
.)
Equality of Opportunity and Luck Egalitarianism
Dworkin proposed that people begin with equal resources but be allowed to end up with unequal economic benefits as a result of their own choices. What constitutes a just material distribution is to be determined by the result of a thought experiment designed to model fair distribution. Suppose that everyone is given the same purchasing power and each uses that purchasing power to bid, in a fair auction, for resources best suited to their life plans. They are then permitted to use those resources as they see fit. Although people may end up with different economic benefits, none of them is given less consideration than another in the sense that if they wanted somebody else's resource bundle they could have bid for it instead.
In Dworkin's proposal we see his attitudes to ‘ambitions’ and ‘endowments’ which have become a central feature of luck egalitarianism (though under a wide variety of al.
APA7Page length 3-4, including Title Page and Reference Pag.docxamrit47
APA7
Page length: 3-4, including Title Page and Reference Page.
Discuss and explore the synergy that RFID technology & Time Based Competition has had on the grocery retail industry. Are the two concepts compatible? And then explain. Provide real-world scenarios, which reflect Time Base Competition.
video on
RFID in Logistics
.
APA format, 2 pagesThree general sections 1. an article s.docxamrit47
APA format, 2 pages
Three general sections:
1. an article summary,
2. how the article is relevant to psychology and human behavior (what do the results mean)
3. reaction to the article (was it interesting , were the results surprising, did it seem like common sense, etc.)
.
APA Style with minimum of 450 words, with annotations, quotation.docxamrit47
APA Style with minimum of 450 words, with annotations, quotations and 3 references.
. Mass vaccination after a disaster:
There was a natural disaster that occurred and has led to an infectious disease outbreak (your choice of one that is vaccine-preventable). Those affected by the disaster are settled in temporary locations with high population densities, inadequate food and shelter, unsafe water, poor sanitation and infrastructure that has been compromised or destroyed. There is a vaccine available for the infectious disease but there are not enough doses to give to all who are at-risk due to the natural disaster.
You are the public health official in charge of infectious disease prevention. Devise a plan to administer the vaccine to the population. Will you use a lottery system or target specific sub-populations? How will you track and monitor those who are vaccinated? Use the attributes of the infectious disease to provide reasoning behind your plan. What other prevention techniques that can be used to supplement the vaccination plan?
.
APA FORMAT1. What are the three most important takeawayslesson.docxamrit47
APA FORMAT
1. What are the three most important takeaways/lessons from the material provided in this online course (the entire quarter) and why? (150 words or more)
2. How did the material provided in this course assist your growth as a student and as an individual, in general? (150 words or more).
.
Read| The latest issue of The Challenger is here! We are thrilled to announce that our school paper has qualified for the NATIONAL SCHOOLS PRESS CONFERENCE (NSPC) 2024. Thank you for your unwavering support and trust. Dive into the stories that made us stand out!
Welcome to TechSoup New Member Orientation and Q&A (May 2024).pdfTechSoup
In this webinar you will learn how your organization can access TechSoup's wide variety of product discount and donation programs. From hardware to software, we'll give you a tour of the tools available to help your nonprofit with productivity, collaboration, financial management, donor tracking, security, and more.
Palestine last event orientationfvgnh .pptxRaedMohamed3
An EFL lesson about the current events in Palestine. It is intended to be for intermediate students who wish to increase their listening skills through a short lesson in power point.
Instructions for Submissions thorugh G- Classroom.pptxJheel Barad
This presentation provides a briefing on how to upload submissions and documents in Google Classroom. It was prepared as part of an orientation for new Sainik School in-service teacher trainees. As a training officer, my goal is to ensure that you are comfortable and proficient with this essential tool for managing assignments and fostering student engagement.
The French Revolution, which began in 1789, was a period of radical social and political upheaval in France. It marked the decline of absolute monarchies, the rise of secular and democratic republics, and the eventual rise of Napoleon Bonaparte. This revolutionary period is crucial in understanding the transition from feudalism to modernity in Europe.
For more information, visit-www.vavaclasses.com
Ethnobotany and Ethnopharmacology:
Ethnobotany in herbal drug evaluation,
Impact of Ethnobotany in traditional medicine,
New development in herbals,
Bio-prospecting tools for drug discovery,
Role of Ethnopharmacology in drug evaluation,
Reverse Pharmacology.
Unit 8 - Information and Communication Technology (Paper I).pdfThiyagu K
This slides describes the basic concepts of ICT, basics of Email, Emerging Technology and Digital Initiatives in Education. This presentations aligns with the UGC Paper I syllabus.
The Roman Empire A Historical Colossus.pdfkaushalkr1407
The Roman Empire, a vast and enduring power, stands as one of history's most remarkable civilizations, leaving an indelible imprint on the world. It emerged from the Roman Republic, transitioning into an imperial powerhouse under the leadership of Augustus Caesar in 27 BCE. This transformation marked the beginning of an era defined by unprecedented territorial expansion, architectural marvels, and profound cultural influence.
The empire's roots lie in the city of Rome, founded, according to legend, by Romulus in 753 BCE. Over centuries, Rome evolved from a small settlement to a formidable republic, characterized by a complex political system with elected officials and checks on power. However, internal strife, class conflicts, and military ambitions paved the way for the end of the Republic. Julius Caesar’s dictatorship and subsequent assassination in 44 BCE created a power vacuum, leading to a civil war. Octavian, later Augustus, emerged victorious, heralding the Roman Empire’s birth.
Under Augustus, the empire experienced the Pax Romana, a 200-year period of relative peace and stability. Augustus reformed the military, established efficient administrative systems, and initiated grand construction projects. The empire's borders expanded, encompassing territories from Britain to Egypt and from Spain to the Euphrates. Roman legions, renowned for their discipline and engineering prowess, secured and maintained these vast territories, building roads, fortifications, and cities that facilitated control and integration.
The Roman Empire’s society was hierarchical, with a rigid class system. At the top were the patricians, wealthy elites who held significant political power. Below them were the plebeians, free citizens with limited political influence, and the vast numbers of slaves who formed the backbone of the economy. The family unit was central, governed by the paterfamilias, the male head who held absolute authority.
Culturally, the Romans were eclectic, absorbing and adapting elements from the civilizations they encountered, particularly the Greeks. Roman art, literature, and philosophy reflected this synthesis, creating a rich cultural tapestry. Latin, the Roman language, became the lingua franca of the Western world, influencing numerous modern languages.
Roman architecture and engineering achievements were monumental. They perfected the arch, vault, and dome, constructing enduring structures like the Colosseum, Pantheon, and aqueducts. These engineering marvels not only showcased Roman ingenuity but also served practical purposes, from public entertainment to water supply.
Synthetic Fiber Construction in lab .pptxPavel ( NSTU)
Synthetic fiber production is a fascinating and complex field that blends chemistry, engineering, and environmental science. By understanding these aspects, students can gain a comprehensive view of synthetic fiber production, its impact on society and the environment, and the potential for future innovations. Synthetic fibers play a crucial role in modern society, impacting various aspects of daily life, industry, and the environment. ynthetic fibers are integral to modern life, offering a range of benefits from cost-effectiveness and versatility to innovative applications and performance characteristics. While they pose environmental challenges, ongoing research and development aim to create more sustainable and eco-friendly alternatives. Understanding the importance of synthetic fibers helps in appreciating their role in the economy, industry, and daily life, while also emphasizing the need for sustainable practices and innovation.
Protectionism Position PaperWrite a short (1-2 page double space.docx
1. Protectionism Position Paper
Write a short (1-2 page double spaced) position paper that
outlines your views on protectionism.
Please take a side whether you believe protectionism is
beneficial or hurtful to society. Provide insight by referencing
(put in quotations - Ex.– In the article, The new protectionism
is shutting us out, Stanford states, “”) at least 2 of the four
articles, but also thinking critically about the issue yourself.
Use the textbook reading and 4 articles I have given you to
support your position.
Criteria
Level 1 (5 to 6)
Level 2 (6 to 7)
Level 3 (7 to 8)
Level 4 (8 to 10)
Knowledge
Making connections
with clarity between your position and at least 2 articles
– makes connections
with clarity between your position and at least 2 articles limited
effectiveness
– makes connections
with clarity between your position and at least 2 articles with
some effectiveness
– makes connections
2. with clarity between your position and at least 2 articles with
considerable effectiveness
– makes connections
with clarity between your position and at least 2 articles with a
high degree of effectiveness
Application
Making connections
with insight and accuracy between your position and at least 2
articles
– makes connections
with insight and accuracy between your position and at least 2
articles with limited effectiveness
– makes connections
with insight and accuracy between your position and at least 2
articles with some effectiveness
– makes connections
with insight and accuracy between your position and at least 2
articles with considerable
effectiveness
– makes connections
with insight and accuracy between your position and at least 2
articles with a high degree
of effectiveness
3. Communication
Expression and organization
of ideas and
information (clear expression, logical organization)
in written form
- expresses and
organizes ideas and information with limited effectiveness
– expresses and
organizes ideas and
information with
some effectiveness
– expresses and
organizes ideas
and information
with considerable
effectiveness
– expresses and
4. organizes ideas
and information
with a high degree
of effectiveness
Total
/30 marks
Note: A student whose achievement is below 50% at the end of
a course will not obtain a credit for the course
Protectionism
Read p.62-63 and answer the following 5 questions.
1. State and describe the companies affected by protectionism.
2. What impact does NAFTA have on tariffs?
3. Why did the recession cause the governments to implement
"buy local" campaigns?
4. Why did Canada not establish a "Buy Canadian" policy?
5. What is your opinion of protectionism?
Read the following 3 articles on protectionism
Article 1: The new protectionism is shutting us out
Jim Stanford From Thursday's Globe and Mail
5. When the world plunged into recession in 2008, G20 leaders
ostentatiously pledged not to repeat the errors of the 1930s. To
hasten economic recovery, they would avoid protectionism and
keep trade flowing. Canada’s government has been among the
loudest voices in this free trade chorus.
This is a gross misreading of actual history. World trade
collapsed in the 1930s because of collapsing consumer demand,
not protectionism; competitive tariffs were a response to that
implosion, not its cause. For the same reason, world trade
plunged 12 per cent last year, despite the G20 promises.
More dangerously, the lip service paid by politicians to official
free-trade doctrine is contradicted by an increasingly nasty and
lopsided world marketplace. Almost universally, countries
around the world are becoming more aggressive in protecting
and stimulating domestic output and employment. They don’t
usually jack up tariffs (though that still happens, as in Russia);
instead, they use less visible but equally effective tactics. This
response is understandable, given the mass and protracted
unemployment that now grips most countries. But it’s damaging
the still-shaky global economy – all the more so for countries
like Canada, which pretend to stay above the fray.
The most recent example of unofficial protectionism was the
Bank of Japan’s sudden foray last week into currency markets.
By aggressively buying U.S. dollars (and selling yen), the bank
drove down Japan’s exchange rate by 5 per cent against the
Canadian dollar. That has exactly the same effect as imposing a
5 per cent tariff on all Japanese imports from Canada – yet it’s
entirely “legal.” Japan has pledged to keep doing whatever’s
necessary to weaken the yen and boost exports.
Germany, with the world’s second-largest trade surplus (after
China), uses different techniques to achieve the same goal.
6. Wages have been suppressed for years, dampening spending
(including on imports). At the same time, pro-active government
strategies to boost productivity and technology, combined with
falling unit labour costs, have stimulated exports. Thanks to the
fiscal woes of its European partners, Germany gets further help
from a falling euro. The end result is a massive trade surplus
that propelled Germany to one of the world’s fastest recoveries
– for now.
China, of course, has mastered official mercantilism, through
tight exchange rate manipulation, macroeconomic planning
(controlling consumption and hence imports), constraints on
unions, and lots of fiddling with trade barriers (regardless of
WTO strictures). The combined surpluses of China, Germany,
Japan and a handful of other successful exporters more than
offset the trade deficits of everyone else in the world (including
Canada).
And that’s precisely the problem with this whole strategy. Until
such time as planet Earth learns to export to Mars, every
national surplus must be offset somewhere else with a matching
deficit. One country’s gain is another’s loss. Whether
engineered through “unacceptable” means (like higher tariffs),
or “legal” ones (like currency manipulation, macroeconomic
planning, technology strategies, or grey-zone trade barriers), the
end result is identical: a beggar-thy-neighbour race to boost
trade surpluses that undermines global growth.
Where does Canada fit into this game? As usual, we don our
Boy Scout’s uniform and pledge to play fair. While China,
Japan and others actively manage their currencies, we allow
ours to soar unfettered. As Germany and Korea subsidize and
direct technological advances, we eschew “picking winners” and
leave it up to business. As countries everywhere leverage
government spending into domestic jobs, we pursue trade
agreements that would undermine our already-weak domestic-
7. sourcing policies.
Our passivity in the face of others’ pro-activity has taken us
from trade feast to famine. A $55-billion trade surplus in 2004
melted away to a $27-billion deficit last year, knocking a
whopping 6 percentage points off Canadian GDP. By that
standard, we’ve registered by far the worst trade performance of
any OECD country. As deteriorating trade undermines domestic
growth and employment, Ottawa’s only response is to chase
more free trade pacts – whether with Panama (economically
irrelevant) or Korea and the European Union (potentially
explosive).
There’s no point finger-pointing and hectoring others to “play
by the rules,” too. That will get us nowhere. So long as the
world trade system imposes no requirements for balance or
mutual benefit, protectionism (official or unofficial) will always
make sense for individual countries … and they’ll always find
ways to do it.
John Maynard Keynes was ahead of his time in recognizing the
dangers of trade imbalances for worldwide demand. After the
Second World War, he lobbied for a new global payments
system, forcing both surplus and deficit countries to address
chronic trade imbalances and share the burden of adjustment.
He was overruled by free-marketeers who accepted the logic of
dog-eat-dog global competition. And it’s that logic, regardless
of politicians’ lip service, that’s deepening the global malaise.
Jim Stanford is an economist with the Canadian Auto Workers
union.Article 2: U.S. jobs bill provisions ‘protectionist’ and
‘regrettable,’ Harper says
Sep 16, 2011 – 3:53 PM ET
8. Prime Minister Stephen Harper says the Buy American
provisions in U.S. President Barack Obama’s jobs bill are
“regrettable,” and something the Canadian government will be
taking up with its U.S. counterpart “at the highest levels.”
“We’re obviously quite concerned that provisions in the
president’s initiative, which I think broadly speaking is a good
initiative, but we’re obviously very concerned that once again
they are looking at stimulus spending that has protectionist
elements,” Harper said on Friday in Saskatoon.
The bill, which Obama presented to Congress last week,
outlines nearly $450 billion US in proposals to stimulate the
country’s stagnant job market, of which about $140 billion US
was for infrastructure and public works projects that would be
subject to “Buy American” provisions.
In an email to Postmedia News on Thursday, International Trade
Minister Ed Fast said the Buy America provisions are
“inconsistent with a long-standing Canadian and American
commitment to free and open trade.”
In a 2010 agreement with the U.S., Canada won an exemption to
similar provisions that were contained in a stimulus package
introduced by the Obama administration in the midst of the
global financial downturn in 2008-09.
Fast said he has advised the U.S. ambassador to Canada, David
Jacobsen, that the federal government is “invoking the
expedited consultation mechanism” contained in that agreement
in order to work out an arrangement for the latest bill, which
must still win Congressional approval.
A report from the Canadian Centre for Policy Alternatives said
under the 2010 agreement Canadian firms were eligible for less
than $2 billion US in American projects while U.S. companies
9. had access to about $25 billion in projects here.
Harper deflected criticism Friday that his government had failed
to effectively negotiate in the country’s interests.
“We dealt with this very productively with the Obama
administration last time, we have an ongoing dialogue on these
measures and we obviously will be making our views known,”
Harper said.
“But I think it is a very regrettable development and we will be
expressing that regret and the desire to move forward together
positively at the highest levels of the U.S. government.”
Article 3: Portion of Obama’s jobs plan ‘concerns’
Canadian government
REUTERS/Jim Young
Sep 14, 2011 – 1:09 PM ET | Last Updated: Sep 14, 2011 1:10
PM ET
By Derek Abma
OTTAWA — The Canadian government has “concerns” about
the recently announced jobs-creation plan by U.S. President
Barack Obama because of Buy American provisions attached to
its infrastructure spending.
Last week, Obama outlined nearly US$450-billion worth of
proposals to stimulate his country’s stagnant job market, of
which about $140-billion is for infrastructure and public works
projects.
“Our government will raise with the Obama administration and
Congress concerns regarding measures that impede access for
Canadian workers and businesses to the U.S. market, as we did
for earlier U.S. stimulus programs,” International Trade
10. Minister Ed Fast said in statement Wednesday that
acknowledged that Buy American provisions were contained in
the new U.S. plan.
Fast said government officials would be taking part in a
“consultation process that was established as part of the 2010
Canada-U.S. Agreement on Government Procurement.”
Last year, the two countries worked out a deal that was
supposed to give Canadian firms exemptions to Buy American
rules in previous U.S. stimulus spending in exchange for
allowing U.S. firms to get contracts in some projects carried by
provinces and municipalities in Canada.
“Our government is committed to delivering free trade
leadership, and Canadians can count on our government to
defend free and open trade on the world stage,” Fast said.
The Council of Canadians, a social activist group, called on the
government to let its procurement deal with the U.S. expire as
planned this month, and follow Obama’s lead by increasing
funding for municipalities with Buy Canadian provisions
attached.
“Canada’s cities and towns need over $30-billion in water-
system upgrades alone and another $100-billion for other badly
needed infrastructure,” Meera Karunananthan, a water
campaigner for the Council of Canadians, said in a statement.
Prime Minister Mykola Azarov said last year Ukraine intended
to “start our negotiations with the WTO to adjust some
provisions in our favour.” (FRANCOIS LENOIR/REUTERS)
Ukraine trade demand shocks global partners
TOM MILES GENEVA — Reuters Published Friday, Sep. 21
2012
11. Ukraine has told its trading partners it wants to raise maximum
tariffs on hundreds of imported goods, a move that could
unleash protectionist forces and may even pose a threat to the
$18-trillion global trade system.
In a document marked “secret” sent to members of the World
Trade Organisation last week and seen by Reuters, Ukraine says
it intends to raise the limit on the tariffs it can legally impose
on more than 350 goods. Based on figures in the proposal,
Kiev’s plan would hit overall imports worth more than $4.6-
billion in 2011.
The document, which diplomats said they had received on Sept.
14, consists of 85 pages of annexes detailing the items affected.
It says Ukraine is prepared “to enter into negotations and
consultations” with WTO members for the concessions.
There was no response to requests for comment from Ukraine
officials in Geneva or Kiev. Ukraine, a relative newcomer to the
WTO whose trade deficit widened by more than 50 per cent last
year to $14-billion, has already threatened to block car imports
and said last year it would act to improve its terms at the WTO.
The United States said Ukraine’s possible decision would raise
“serious concerns,” although WTO officials played down the
move, which, though radical, is permissible under the agency’s
rules.
Some trade experts fear the plan, which would force hundreds
of trade deals to be renegotiated, could trigger increasingly
protectionist policies worldwide. The four-year-old global
financial and economic crisis has so far not led to a rush to
protectionism but, under pressure to help their producers
weather the storm, governments have pounced on “unfair”
moves by their rivals. The United States and Brazil were the
12. latest to trade diplomatic blows.
WTO Director General Pascal Lamy, who forecast on Friday
that world trade would grow by a mere 2.5 per cent this year,
has repeatedly warned of the danger of a return to
protectionism.
The WTO oversees the vast majority of global trade, running a
system that assumes every country accepts legal limits on the
tariffs they charge on imports to protect their businesses. If a
country wants to raise the tariff ceiling on one product, it
normally offers to reduce the limit on another to keep its
economic openness unchanged overall.
Some diplomats say Ukraine’s plan to renegotiate on so many
goods – cars, trucks, agricultural machinery, meat, flowers,
fruit, vegetables, washing machines and even syringes – is
tantamount to reopening negotiations on its membership terms.
“We don’t know what is behind Ukraine’s move,” said one trade
diplomat. “Maybe the financial crisis. Maybe political reasons.
Maybe industrial.”
Longstanding WTO members typically have high ceilings and
set tariffs well below the maximum, giving them wriggle-room
in tough times. The tariffs of newer members, many of which
were forced to accept tough terms to join the WTO, are often set
right at the ceiling. Some, including Ukraine, which joined in
2008, have bristled over that constraint.
The sheer size of Ukraine’s demand makes it hard to deal with,
diplomats say. Other countries cannot raise their own tariffs to
punish Ukraine without violating a WTO principle that member
states must offer the same tariff to everybody.
“This decision raises many serious concerns and questions for
13. us,” said Carol Guthrie, spokeswoman for U.S. Trade
Representative Ron Kirk in Washington, without going into
details.
“We expect other WTO members may have similar concerns and
questions. Only after we get additional details from Ukraine
will we be able to fully evaluate the consequences of its
decision and assess next steps.”
WTO spokesman Keith Rockwell declined to characterize
Ukraine’s plans as protectionist. He said it was natural that
some countries would want to renegotiate their trade deals.
“Protectionism is a loaded word. In the trying economic
circumstances we are encountering today, governments face
very strong pressure to act,” Mr. Rockwell said.
“To this point, Ukraine’s actions in this regard have not been
outside the rules.”
But Anwarul Hoda, a former deputy director-general of the
WTO, said the way Ukraine planned to raise its tariff ceiling
posed a real threat.
“If Ukraine just goes ahead and raises the duty and the others
can’t do anything then there would be a systemic failure,” said
Mr. Hoda, whose 2001 book Tariff Negotiations and
Renegotiations under the GATT and the WTO is regarded as an
authority on this area of the WTO rules.
Trade ministries have until Dec. 12 to respond to Kiev’s
proposal, but several diplomats said Ukraine’s document had
not given them enough information and nobody from Ukraine
has yet replied to their many questions such as what new tariff
ceilings Ukraine seeks, and what it might offer in return.
14. Ukraine’s Prime Minister Mykola Azarov said last September
“the time has come for us to start our negotiations with the
WTO to adjust some provisions in our favour. And we will be
doing this,” according to Interfax news agency.
Since the election of President Viktor Yanukovich in 2010, Kiev
has upset many of its trading partners with a string of
aggressive positions, including obstructing bids by Yemen and
Laos to join the WTO and an ongoing challenge to Australia’s
tough new cigarette packaging laws.
The latest proposal uses an area of WTO rules known as Article
28 of the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT).
“It’s a loophole in the GATT rules, the legal procedure,” said
one diplomat. “If other countries follow Ukraine, this might be
big trouble.”
Two lawyers said it was impossible to challenge Article 28
under the WTO’s dispute settlement system. Mr. Hoda said he
needed to study the case in depth before being sure.
Article 28 dates from the 1940s and was used often until the
creation of the WTO in 1995 cemented efforts to liberalize
global trade. Since then, it has been used about 30 times, mostly
for small or technical adjustments to a country’s tariffs, and
almost always for fewer than 10 tariffs at a time.
Ukraine’s request was “surprising for its size alone,” said the
European Union trade spokesman John Clancy. “Our
preliminary analysis shows that the tariff increase would affect
a significant amount of trade – and in particular EU exports
worth almost €2-billion ($2.6-billion),” he said in an emailed
response to Reuters questions.
Under Article 28, Ukraine should “pay” for tariff increases by
15. lowering tariffs on other goods.
But Mr. Clancy said Ukraine’s list was so long it could prove
difficult to find enough areas where other tariffs could be cut.
At least 35 WTO members qualify to negotiate with Ukraine,
including the European Union, United States, Japan, South
Korea, Australia, Canada, Brazil, China and India, and the
process is so complicated it would likely take years.
If negotiations don’t work, Ukraine could simply raise its tariffs
unilaterally, leaving its trading partners to raise their own
tariffs to balance out its move. But big trading nations would
find that impossible in practice.
“If you want to exercise retaliation you have to be very careful
about the tariff line that you choose, in order not to hit some
other trading partners,” said a Geneva-based trade lawyer.
“If you get some other countries affected, then these other
countries may initiate a political controversy against you,” he
said. “It is not as easy as one might think.”
In such a situation, Mr. Hoda said, the WTO framework may not
“be adequate. A small player in renegotiations is in a good
position to go ahead and raise the tariffs, without any fear of
reprisal or retaliation.”
The EU’s Mr. Clancy played down such worries and said he
expected negotiations with Ukraine to succeed. “Protectionist
tensions would not be in anyone’s interest,” he said.
Question 1
16. It is now October 2013. A company anticipates that it will
purchase 1 million pounds of copper in
each of February 2014, August 2014, February 2015, and
August 2015.
The company has decided to use the futures contracts traded in
the COMEX division of the CME
Group to hedge its risk.
One contract is for the delivery of 25,000 pounds of copper. The
initial margin is $2,000 per
contract and the maintenance margin is $1,500 per contract. The
company’s policy is to hedge
80% of its exposure. Contracts with maturities up to 13 months
into the future are considered to
have sufficient liquidity to meet the company’s needs.
Assume the market prices (in cents per pound) today and at
future dates are as follows.
*Note: Enter the price in RED, exit the price in BLUE.
Date Oct 2013 Feb 2014 Aug 2014 Feb 2015 Aug 2015
Spot Price 372.00 369.00 365.00 377.00 388.00
Mar 2014 futures price 372.30
Feb14
369.10
Sept 2014 futures price 372.80
Aug14
17. 370.20 364.80
Mar 2015 futures price 370.70
Feb15
364.30 376.70
Sept 2015 futures price 364.20
Aug15
376.50 388.20
Required:
a. Devise a hedging strategy for the company.
b. What is the impact of the strategy you propose on the price
the company pays for copper?
What is the range of price paid under the hedging strategy?
c. What is the initial margin requirement in October 2013? Is
the company subject to any
margin calls?
Question 2
18. Firm A borrows $10 million for 12 months, with floating rate
interest referenced to 3 month AUD
libor, and paid quarterly. For the premium of 0.20% p.a., Firm
A can purchase a cap with a strike
rate of 8% p.a. Libor at the start of each quarter was 8.8%,
8.3%, 8.0% and 7.6% respectively. Firm
A uses a cap to conduct a borrowing hedge.
Required:
a. Compute the net cash flows for today and at the end of the 4
quarters
b. Compute the effective borrowing rate with the cap.
c. Compute the effective borrowing rate without the cap.
Note: Please use the table below to compute your net cash flows
MONTH LIBOR LOAN CAP PUT NET CASH FLOW
0
3 8.8%
6 8.3%
9 8.0%
12 7.6%