This document summarizes a final workshop organized by ACISAI and AIT on sustaining and enhancing the System of Rice Intensification (SRI) in the Lower Mekong River Basin. It provides an overview of the completed SRI-LMB project and recommendations for next steps. The key points are:
1) The SRI-LMB project implemented SRI practices across four countries from 2013-2018, increasing yields, profits, and resilience for smallholder farmers.
2) Project activities included participatory research, demonstrations, capacity building, and knowledge sharing through various mediums.
3) Results analysis found increases in key metrics like yield, profitability, labor efficiency, and reductions in
Strategic Options for Food Security: System of Rice Intensification (SRI) and...Sri Lmb
By C.M Wijayaratna & Norman Uphoff gave a keynote presentation on 'Strategic Options for Food Security: System of Rice Intensification (SRI) and Farmers Collective Action' at Regional Review and Planning Workshop on 2017
1) USAID supported water user associations (WUAs) in Tajikistan that provided both water delivery services and agricultural extension services.
2) This integrated approach helped farmers choose between traditional cotton and wheat farming and diversifying into higher-value crops. Farmers receiving both water and extension services increased crop diversification more than those receiving only water services.
3) The analysis found that improved irrigation infrastructure and receiving agricultural training increased cropping intensity and diversification on farms, while better water services supported both traditional and more diverse cropping patterns.
Presentation by Dr.Henry Neufeldt at the event titled “Technology Transfer for Adaptation and Mitigation in Natural Resource Management via the UNFCCC’s Climate Technology Centre and Network: Examples from Africa” hosted at the African Pavilion, COP22, Marrakech, Morocco, 2016. See more: http://www.worldagroforestry.org/COP22/Climate-Technology-Transfer-for-African-countries-through-the-Climate-Technology-Centre-and-Network
Climate smart Agriculture: an introduction - Bruno Verbist (KLIMOS)BTC CTB
The document discusses climate smart agriculture and provides an introduction to key concepts. It covers climate change impacts and mitigation and adaptation strategies. Examples are given of tools and technologies for climate smart agriculture, including agroforestry practices, livestock management, and biogas production. The importance of landscape-level approaches that enhance resilience and carbon stocks is emphasized. Metrics and frameworks for monitoring and evaluating climate smart agriculture interventions are also reviewed.
The Climate-Smart Agriculture Project in Vietnam aims to: 1) provide an evidence base for identifying and implementing climate-smart agriculture practices and policies; 2) develop a strategic framework to guide climate-smart agriculture action and investment; 3) formulate climate-smart agriculture investment proposals; and 4) build capacity for climate-smart agriculture planning and implementation. The project focuses on the northern mountainous regions of Vietnam and priority areas including sustainable land management, crop diversification, and agroforestry. So far, the project has selected focal points, collected data, and begun research activities. Upcoming activities include further analyses of barriers to adoption, costs and benefits, and risks of climate-smart agriculture practices.
Strategic Options for Food Security: System of Rice Intensification (SRI) and...Sri Lmb
By C.M Wijayaratna & Norman Uphoff gave a keynote presentation on 'Strategic Options for Food Security: System of Rice Intensification (SRI) and Farmers Collective Action' at Regional Review and Planning Workshop on 2017
1) USAID supported water user associations (WUAs) in Tajikistan that provided both water delivery services and agricultural extension services.
2) This integrated approach helped farmers choose between traditional cotton and wheat farming and diversifying into higher-value crops. Farmers receiving both water and extension services increased crop diversification more than those receiving only water services.
3) The analysis found that improved irrigation infrastructure and receiving agricultural training increased cropping intensity and diversification on farms, while better water services supported both traditional and more diverse cropping patterns.
Presentation by Dr.Henry Neufeldt at the event titled “Technology Transfer for Adaptation and Mitigation in Natural Resource Management via the UNFCCC’s Climate Technology Centre and Network: Examples from Africa” hosted at the African Pavilion, COP22, Marrakech, Morocco, 2016. See more: http://www.worldagroforestry.org/COP22/Climate-Technology-Transfer-for-African-countries-through-the-Climate-Technology-Centre-and-Network
Climate smart Agriculture: an introduction - Bruno Verbist (KLIMOS)BTC CTB
The document discusses climate smart agriculture and provides an introduction to key concepts. It covers climate change impacts and mitigation and adaptation strategies. Examples are given of tools and technologies for climate smart agriculture, including agroforestry practices, livestock management, and biogas production. The importance of landscape-level approaches that enhance resilience and carbon stocks is emphasized. Metrics and frameworks for monitoring and evaluating climate smart agriculture interventions are also reviewed.
The Climate-Smart Agriculture Project in Vietnam aims to: 1) provide an evidence base for identifying and implementing climate-smart agriculture practices and policies; 2) develop a strategic framework to guide climate-smart agriculture action and investment; 3) formulate climate-smart agriculture investment proposals; and 4) build capacity for climate-smart agriculture planning and implementation. The project focuses on the northern mountainous regions of Vietnam and priority areas including sustainable land management, crop diversification, and agroforestry. So far, the project has selected focal points, collected data, and begun research activities. Upcoming activities include further analyses of barriers to adoption, costs and benefits, and risks of climate-smart agriculture practices.
Towards People-Centred Climate-Resilient Food Security SystemsOthman Elshaikh
The document summarizes a project in Southern Egypt that aims to improve food security and build climate resilience through land consolidation and other interventions. Key points:
- The project pilots people-centered climate-friendly interventions in 14 villages, with the goal of scaling up across Southern Egypt.
- Interventions include land consolidation, early warning systems, water saving techniques, and building agricultural resilience.
- Land consolidation overcomes challenges of small land holdings, improves efficiency, and revives collaboration within villages.
- The project empowers local people and increases productivity, awareness, and ability to manage climate shocks.
Presented by Dr Abdoulaye Saley Moussa, Science Officer, CCAFS West Africa. Africa Agriculture Science Week 6, 15 July 2013, Accra, Ghana
http://ccafs.cgiar.org/events/15/jul/2013/africa-agriculture-science-week-2013
At the coalface: GEF"s biodiversity mainstreaming journey ExternalEvents
- The document summarizes the Global Environment Facility's (GEF) experience with biodiversity mainstreaming projects and key lessons learned.
- A review of past mainstreaming projects found that projects with spatial planning, flexible design, strong teams, and engagement with stakeholders had more success in achieving outcomes.
- Specifically, projects that integrated protected areas with surrounding production landscapes showed high progress. Policy projects in agriculture and forestry did not clearly demonstrate biodiversity benefits.
- Key recommendations for GEF's next funding period include focusing on spatial planning, improved theories of change, private sector engagement, and linking mainstreaming efforts to protected area conservation goals and landscapes.
Planning, implementing and evaluating Climate-Smart Agriculture in smallholde...FAO
http://www.fao.org/in-action/micca/
This presentation by Janie Rioux, FAO, outlines the experience of the Mitigation of Climate Change in Agriculture (MICCA) pilot projects in Kenya and the United Republic of Tanzania.
1313- CLIMATE CHANGE, MATERIALITY AND RICE – A RESEARCH PROJECTConservationAgCornell
This document summarizes a research project on measuring the environmental and social impacts of different rice production and distribution methods in India. The project aims to:
1. Develop methods to analyze the rice supply chain as an integrated system and measure key parameters like greenhouse gas emissions, energy and water use, and labor across production, transport, milling and retail stages.
2. Apply these methods to compare the impacts of different rice production systems (e.g. intensive, organic) and distribution channels in three Indian states.
3. Involve stakeholders to assess technology and policy options for rice based on environmental, economic and social criteria to identify trade-offs.
The results will provide insights into how greenhouse gas emissions
Sustainable Oil Palm Investments: Benefits of a Landscape Management Approach...CIFOR-ICRAF
This presentation by CPI, IDH & Unilever was given at a session titled "Sustainable Oil Palm Investments: Benefits of a Landscape Management Approach" at the Global Landscapes Forum: The Investment Case on June 10, 2015. For more, please visit http://www.landscapes.org/london/
The document discusses farming systems research and extension (FSR/E). It defines FSR/E as an approach that views the entire farm as a system and considers interactions within it. Key features include taking a holistic, interdisciplinary, farmer participatory approach to problem solving. The goal is to develop sustainable farm household systems. Some challenges to implementing FSR/E include institutional conflicts, defining homogenous client groups, lack of flexible resources and qualified staff, and higher costs.
Mehmood Hassan and Patti Kristjanson of ICRAF and CCAFS respectively presented a paper titled "CGIAR reform and approaches to climate smart innovations that ensure farmer needs are incorporated & addressed in
research" at the ITAACC Final International Workshop, (ICIPE) Nairobi May 8-9, 2014.
This document summarizes a virtual workshop on advancing agricultural climate action in West Africa. It included presentations on enhancing agricultural ambition in Nationally Determined Contributions, Nigeria's experience developing a national action plan on short-lived climate pollutants, and implementing agricultural climate actions. The workshop provided an overview of opportunities to reduce agricultural emissions in West Africa through improved livestock management, crop management, land management, and sustainable production and consumption. Presenters discussed tools and approaches for raising agricultural climate ambition in NDCs and supporting national planning processes in Nigeria and other countries in the region.
ICT4S2013 ICT forClimate Change Adaptation and Mitigation through Agro-ecolog...HelenaGrunfeld
This document discusses using information and communication technologies (ICT) to support agroecological farming methods for climate change adaptation and mitigation in developing countries. It proposes that ICT can help scale up organic inputs to agriculture by facilitating knowledge exchange between farmers and researchers, improving communication within organic supply chains, and providing market information. However, enabling policies and funding are needed to address issues like land rights and negative externalities from agriculture. The document outlines a research agenda around evaluating outcomes and how ICT could better support value chains. It recommends acting on UN recommendations to upscale green agriculture and making agroecology eligible for climate funding.
Combined Presentations for climate-smart agriculture (CSA) Tools for Africa w...CANAAFRICA
On 12th October 2015 the CGIAR Research Program on Climate Change, Agriculture and Food Security (CCAFS), East Africa through its regional knowledge sharing platform The Climate and Agriculture Network for Africa (CANA) organized a webinar dubbed Climate-Smart Agriculture Tools for Africa.
Introducing the sustainable intensification assessment frameworkafrica-rising
Presented by Mark Musumba, Philip Grabowski, Cheryl Palm and Sieglinde Snapp at the Africa RISING West Africa Review and Planning Meeting, Accra, 1-2 February 2017
This document outlines an assessment of climate-smart agriculture (CSA). It discusses indicators for measuring CSA's contributions to food security, adaptation, and mitigation. It provides examples of successful CSA projects from FAO and others, including those focusing on improved rice cultivation techniques in Vietnam, drought-tolerant maize varieties in Africa, and livestock insurance programs in Kenya and Ethiopia. The document concludes with instructions for a breakout group exercise to further assess the CSA potential of case studies.
Climate Smart Agriculture Project: using policy and economic analysis as a ba...FAO
The Climate Smart Agriculture Project aims to build evidence-based agricultural strategies and investment frameworks to sustainably increase productivity and incomes, build resilience to climate change, and seek opportunities to reduce greenhouse gas emissions in a way that supports national food security and development goals. The project conducts research in three countries to identify climate-smart agricultural practices and policies that achieve synergies across productivity, resilience, and carbon outcomes. Project outputs include an evidence base on best practices, a strategic framework and policy recommendations, and investment proposals to support the adoption of climate-smart agriculture.
"Rethinking Agriculture for the 21st Century: Climate change mitigation opportunities and challenges" was presented by Lini Wollenberg online at the KfW Webinar on May 28, 2020.
Presented by Jeremy Bird, Director General of IWMI, at the 1st High Level Scientific Consultation Panel and Ministerial Roundtable for the Adaptation of African Agriculture (AAA) to Climate Change initiative held in Marrakech, Morocco, on September 29 - 30, 2016.
The document summarizes the Global Peatlands Initiative, an effort led by experts to conserve peatlands and prevent carbon emissions. Peatlands store more carbon than all the world's forests but are threatened by drainage, subsidence, and fires. The Initiative aims to enhance resilience of agriculture on peatlands, demonstrate peatlands' values, and engage farmers in management. It will develop guidance, evaluate practices, estimate emissions, and facilitate knowledge sharing. The Initiative also plans to pilot alternative "paludiculture" crops that can thrive in undrained peatlands.
SRI- LMB Newsletter Vol 3, Issue 1 Year 2015Sri Lmb
Farmers using System of Rice Intensification (SRI) management practices reported nearly double the profits compared to traditional practices, according to results from 60 research sites across Cambodia and Thailand. Higher yields from SRI, combined with lower costs and higher grain quality, increased profits. Over 120 experiments compared integrated SRI practices to full SRI demonstrations. Results presented at provincial and regional workshops found SRI increased yields by 60-100% compared to baseline. The newsletter discusses a regional workshop in Cambodia that reviewed results and planned future activities to strengthen the project across the Lower Mekong River Basin countries of Cambodia, Laos, Thailand, and Vietnam.
The document summarizes activities from the SRI-LMB project in several Southeast Asian countries. It discusses:
1) A field mission in Laos to review implementation of participatory farmer research sites, visiting 25 sites across 3 provinces. Most crops were ready for harvest, with farmers reporting benefits of SRI including increased yields and reduced costs.
2) Continuing support for women farmer groups in Vietnam involved in the research sites, focusing on demonstrations, trials of alternative pest management practices, and policy engagement.
3) A national planning workshop in Vietnam where participants discussed scaling up SRI practices through integration into extension activities and promoting large contiguous demonstrations.
Towards People-Centred Climate-Resilient Food Security SystemsOthman Elshaikh
The document summarizes a project in Southern Egypt that aims to improve food security and build climate resilience through land consolidation and other interventions. Key points:
- The project pilots people-centered climate-friendly interventions in 14 villages, with the goal of scaling up across Southern Egypt.
- Interventions include land consolidation, early warning systems, water saving techniques, and building agricultural resilience.
- Land consolidation overcomes challenges of small land holdings, improves efficiency, and revives collaboration within villages.
- The project empowers local people and increases productivity, awareness, and ability to manage climate shocks.
Presented by Dr Abdoulaye Saley Moussa, Science Officer, CCAFS West Africa. Africa Agriculture Science Week 6, 15 July 2013, Accra, Ghana
http://ccafs.cgiar.org/events/15/jul/2013/africa-agriculture-science-week-2013
At the coalface: GEF"s biodiversity mainstreaming journey ExternalEvents
- The document summarizes the Global Environment Facility's (GEF) experience with biodiversity mainstreaming projects and key lessons learned.
- A review of past mainstreaming projects found that projects with spatial planning, flexible design, strong teams, and engagement with stakeholders had more success in achieving outcomes.
- Specifically, projects that integrated protected areas with surrounding production landscapes showed high progress. Policy projects in agriculture and forestry did not clearly demonstrate biodiversity benefits.
- Key recommendations for GEF's next funding period include focusing on spatial planning, improved theories of change, private sector engagement, and linking mainstreaming efforts to protected area conservation goals and landscapes.
Planning, implementing and evaluating Climate-Smart Agriculture in smallholde...FAO
http://www.fao.org/in-action/micca/
This presentation by Janie Rioux, FAO, outlines the experience of the Mitigation of Climate Change in Agriculture (MICCA) pilot projects in Kenya and the United Republic of Tanzania.
1313- CLIMATE CHANGE, MATERIALITY AND RICE – A RESEARCH PROJECTConservationAgCornell
This document summarizes a research project on measuring the environmental and social impacts of different rice production and distribution methods in India. The project aims to:
1. Develop methods to analyze the rice supply chain as an integrated system and measure key parameters like greenhouse gas emissions, energy and water use, and labor across production, transport, milling and retail stages.
2. Apply these methods to compare the impacts of different rice production systems (e.g. intensive, organic) and distribution channels in three Indian states.
3. Involve stakeholders to assess technology and policy options for rice based on environmental, economic and social criteria to identify trade-offs.
The results will provide insights into how greenhouse gas emissions
Sustainable Oil Palm Investments: Benefits of a Landscape Management Approach...CIFOR-ICRAF
This presentation by CPI, IDH & Unilever was given at a session titled "Sustainable Oil Palm Investments: Benefits of a Landscape Management Approach" at the Global Landscapes Forum: The Investment Case on June 10, 2015. For more, please visit http://www.landscapes.org/london/
The document discusses farming systems research and extension (FSR/E). It defines FSR/E as an approach that views the entire farm as a system and considers interactions within it. Key features include taking a holistic, interdisciplinary, farmer participatory approach to problem solving. The goal is to develop sustainable farm household systems. Some challenges to implementing FSR/E include institutional conflicts, defining homogenous client groups, lack of flexible resources and qualified staff, and higher costs.
Mehmood Hassan and Patti Kristjanson of ICRAF and CCAFS respectively presented a paper titled "CGIAR reform and approaches to climate smart innovations that ensure farmer needs are incorporated & addressed in
research" at the ITAACC Final International Workshop, (ICIPE) Nairobi May 8-9, 2014.
This document summarizes a virtual workshop on advancing agricultural climate action in West Africa. It included presentations on enhancing agricultural ambition in Nationally Determined Contributions, Nigeria's experience developing a national action plan on short-lived climate pollutants, and implementing agricultural climate actions. The workshop provided an overview of opportunities to reduce agricultural emissions in West Africa through improved livestock management, crop management, land management, and sustainable production and consumption. Presenters discussed tools and approaches for raising agricultural climate ambition in NDCs and supporting national planning processes in Nigeria and other countries in the region.
ICT4S2013 ICT forClimate Change Adaptation and Mitigation through Agro-ecolog...HelenaGrunfeld
This document discusses using information and communication technologies (ICT) to support agroecological farming methods for climate change adaptation and mitigation in developing countries. It proposes that ICT can help scale up organic inputs to agriculture by facilitating knowledge exchange between farmers and researchers, improving communication within organic supply chains, and providing market information. However, enabling policies and funding are needed to address issues like land rights and negative externalities from agriculture. The document outlines a research agenda around evaluating outcomes and how ICT could better support value chains. It recommends acting on UN recommendations to upscale green agriculture and making agroecology eligible for climate funding.
Combined Presentations for climate-smart agriculture (CSA) Tools for Africa w...CANAAFRICA
On 12th October 2015 the CGIAR Research Program on Climate Change, Agriculture and Food Security (CCAFS), East Africa through its regional knowledge sharing platform The Climate and Agriculture Network for Africa (CANA) organized a webinar dubbed Climate-Smart Agriculture Tools for Africa.
Introducing the sustainable intensification assessment frameworkafrica-rising
Presented by Mark Musumba, Philip Grabowski, Cheryl Palm and Sieglinde Snapp at the Africa RISING West Africa Review and Planning Meeting, Accra, 1-2 February 2017
This document outlines an assessment of climate-smart agriculture (CSA). It discusses indicators for measuring CSA's contributions to food security, adaptation, and mitigation. It provides examples of successful CSA projects from FAO and others, including those focusing on improved rice cultivation techniques in Vietnam, drought-tolerant maize varieties in Africa, and livestock insurance programs in Kenya and Ethiopia. The document concludes with instructions for a breakout group exercise to further assess the CSA potential of case studies.
Climate Smart Agriculture Project: using policy and economic analysis as a ba...FAO
The Climate Smart Agriculture Project aims to build evidence-based agricultural strategies and investment frameworks to sustainably increase productivity and incomes, build resilience to climate change, and seek opportunities to reduce greenhouse gas emissions in a way that supports national food security and development goals. The project conducts research in three countries to identify climate-smart agricultural practices and policies that achieve synergies across productivity, resilience, and carbon outcomes. Project outputs include an evidence base on best practices, a strategic framework and policy recommendations, and investment proposals to support the adoption of climate-smart agriculture.
"Rethinking Agriculture for the 21st Century: Climate change mitigation opportunities and challenges" was presented by Lini Wollenberg online at the KfW Webinar on May 28, 2020.
Presented by Jeremy Bird, Director General of IWMI, at the 1st High Level Scientific Consultation Panel and Ministerial Roundtable for the Adaptation of African Agriculture (AAA) to Climate Change initiative held in Marrakech, Morocco, on September 29 - 30, 2016.
The document summarizes the Global Peatlands Initiative, an effort led by experts to conserve peatlands and prevent carbon emissions. Peatlands store more carbon than all the world's forests but are threatened by drainage, subsidence, and fires. The Initiative aims to enhance resilience of agriculture on peatlands, demonstrate peatlands' values, and engage farmers in management. It will develop guidance, evaluate practices, estimate emissions, and facilitate knowledge sharing. The Initiative also plans to pilot alternative "paludiculture" crops that can thrive in undrained peatlands.
SRI- LMB Newsletter Vol 3, Issue 1 Year 2015Sri Lmb
Farmers using System of Rice Intensification (SRI) management practices reported nearly double the profits compared to traditional practices, according to results from 60 research sites across Cambodia and Thailand. Higher yields from SRI, combined with lower costs and higher grain quality, increased profits. Over 120 experiments compared integrated SRI practices to full SRI demonstrations. Results presented at provincial and regional workshops found SRI increased yields by 60-100% compared to baseline. The newsletter discusses a regional workshop in Cambodia that reviewed results and planned future activities to strengthen the project across the Lower Mekong River Basin countries of Cambodia, Laos, Thailand, and Vietnam.
The document summarizes activities from the SRI-LMB project in several Southeast Asian countries. It discusses:
1) A field mission in Laos to review implementation of participatory farmer research sites, visiting 25 sites across 3 provinces. Most crops were ready for harvest, with farmers reporting benefits of SRI including increased yields and reduced costs.
2) Continuing support for women farmer groups in Vietnam involved in the research sites, focusing on demonstrations, trials of alternative pest management practices, and policy engagement.
3) A national planning workshop in Vietnam where participants discussed scaling up SRI practices through integration into extension activities and promoting large contiguous demonstrations.
Climate-Smart Agriculture (CSA) aims to sustainably increase agricultural productivity and incomes, build resilience to climate change, and reduce greenhouse gas emissions. Recent UNFCCC negotiations have highlighted CSA. Key actions to implement CSA include expanding the evidence base on impacts and options, supporting enabling policies, strengthening institutions, enhancing financing, and implementing practices locally. FAO promotes CSA through projects, the Global Alliance, and practices like crop diversification, alternate wetting and drying of rice, and early warning systems.
The document summarizes key discussions and outcomes from a two-day regional review and planning workshop on the System of Rice Intensification - Lower Mekong Basin (SRI-LMB) project held in Hanoi, Vietnam. The workshop brought together representatives from governments, universities, international organizations, and farmers involved in the SRI-LMB project. Participants shared results showing SRI practices led to 66% higher yields compared to conventional methods while using 30% less energy. They discussed strategies for scaling up SRI to boost small farmer incomes, food security, and environmental sustainability in the region. Recommendations included continuing to promote SRI and conservation agriculture.
GCARD2: Briefing paper land, water forests & landscape GCARD Conferences
The adaptation and adoption of conservation agriculture (CA)-based crop management through innovative techniques like reduced soil movement, adequate surface retention of crop residues and economically viable and diversified crop rotations are the way forward to address the emerging challenges mentioned above. This could help in ensuring sustainable food security and offer several environmental benefits in sustainable way. This is relatively a new strategy to deal with food security and environmental degradation in unfavourable agriculture system.
Visit the conference site for more information: http://www.egfar.org/gcard-2012
1) The document discusses findings from field studies in several countries on enhancing the sustainability of development programs. It examines dimensions of sustainability like institutional sustainability, household resilience, environmental sustainability, and structural change.
2) Key factors for sustainability identified include appropriate development models, infrastructure, microcredit, community-driven approaches, and clear exit strategies.
3) Successful elements in some countries included early sustainability strategies, community participation in design, capacity building, and diversifying livelihoods. Specific challenges to sustainability in sectors like environment, infrastructure and agriculture were also noted.
The document discusses transforming the CGIAR system to address issues like mission creep, complexity, and stagnating resources. It proposes consolidating research into "Mega Programs" focused on strategic objectives like crops, nutrition, and climate change. These programs would build partnerships and have clear impact pathways. The transformation would streamline governance and coordination to improve effectiveness and accountability.
The DAPA Program 2010 annual review highlights include:
1) DAPA's vision is using spatial, economic, and institutional analysis of data to improve agricultural and natural resource policies and decisions from farm to global levels.
2) Projects focused on impact assessment, ecosystem services, climate change adaptation strategies, and linking smallholder farmers to markets.
3) Involvement in various CGIAR research programs including 60% in CCAFS, 20% in land and water programs, and 20% in income and policy programs.
Sustainable Soy Newsletter edition September 2015Suresh07
The document summarizes the activities of the National Platform for Sustainable Soy (NPSS) in India. Key events discussed include:
1) NPSS organized the Sustainable Soy Week in June 2015 and the National Conference on Sustainable Soy in October 2015 to bring together stakeholders from across the soy sector to discuss sustainability issues and opportunities for collaboration.
2) Over 200 participants representing government, academia, industry, farmers' organizations, and civil society attended the National Conference to identify challenges, solutions, and areas for partnership regarding sustainable soy.
3) Speakers at the conference emphasized the potential to increase soy productivity in India through improved varieties and sustainable farming practices, and highlighted the importance of multi-stakeholder engagement
This document summarizes the experiences of Vietnam in developing a monitoring and evaluation (M&E) system for ecosystem-based adaptation (EbA) measures. It describes Vietnam's process of developing EbA indicators in close collaboration with communities, taking into account environmental, economic and social factors. The M&E system measures short, medium and long-term impacts through process, performance and outcome indicators. Key challenges included measuring knowledge gains and adapting to EbA's long timeframes. Lessons learned emphasize strengthening coordination across departments and building capacity for nationwide application of EbA M&E.
Supporting agricultural extension towards Climate-Smart Agriculture: An over...Christel Kénou
The document discusses the role of agricultural extension services in supporting climate-smart agriculture. It outlines three key ways extension services can contribute: 1) Developing and disseminating climate-resilient technologies and information to increase productivity and adaptation. 2) Strengthening farmers' capacity to adopt climate-smart practices through training and education. 3) Facilitating collaboration and advocating for policies that promote climate-smart agriculture. However, extension services face challenges in mainstreaming climate-smart agriculture due to the complexity of climate impacts and need capacity development and institutional reforms.
The document discusses the role of agricultural extension services in supporting climate-smart agriculture. It outlines three key ways extension services can contribute: 1) Developing and disseminating climate-resilient technologies and information to increase productivity and adaptation. 2) Strengthening farmers' capacity to adopt climate-smart practices through training and education. 3) Facilitating collaboration and advocating for policies that promote climate-smart agriculture. However, extension services face challenges in mainstreaming climate-smart agriculture due to the complexity of climate impacts and need capacity development to better support climate adaptation and mitigation.
This project aimed to help mainstream climate change adaptation into sustainable development policies in Southeast Asian countries. Researchers synthesized existing studies on adaptation strategies in Vietnam, Indonesia, and the Philippines. They analyzed how these strategies link to national sustainable development goals. A synthesis workshop and science-policy workshop were held to disseminate results and recommendations. Key findings included evidence of climate change impacts in the region and case studies on linking adaptation to water and agriculture sectors in the Philippines, Indonesian rice production, and Vietnamese agriculture. The project highlighted the need to integrate adaptation into ongoing development efforts.
The document summarizes the vision, work, and themes of the Decision and Policy Analysis Program. The program uses spatial, economic, and institutional analysis to convert data into policy insights. It has teams working on impact assessment, ecosystem services, climate change impacts on agriculture, and ensuring equitable supply chains. Key work includes assessing impacts of research, identifying adaptation pathways to climate change, and providing guidelines for managing ecosystem services and markets.
SRI-LMB Newsletter Vol.4 Issue 1, Year 2016Sri Lmb
The document summarizes a workshop held in Thailand to review the SRI-LMB project. It discusses how the project trained over 7,000 farmers across 400 sites in 4 countries on climate-smart rice production techniques using SRI principles. These practices have led to higher yields, incomes, and resilience during drought compared to traditional methods. The workshop highlighted positive results from Thailand, including higher organic yields from direct seeding. Participants agreed that SRI is helping farmers adapt practices and compete globally in a sustainable way.
Similar to Project achievement and the “way forward” by Wijay (20)
This document summarizes research on establishing rice using conservation agriculture practices in Bangladesh. Key findings include:
1) Trials of non-puddled transplanting of rice seedlings found no significant yield differences compared to conventional puddled transplanting, while reducing labor costs and increasing profits.
2) Direct seeding of rice using a versatile multi-crop planter produced similar or slightly higher yields than transplanting, with significantly higher profits.
3) Over multiple seasons, farmers' perceptions of the benefits of non-puddled rice establishment increased as perceptions of negatives decreased, indicating farmer acceptance was growing over time.
SRI-plastic mulch has led to remarkably high rice yields and widespread adoption in China, with over 500,000 hectares using the technique. Plastic mulch allows for higher yields even with 66-75% less chemical fertilizer use. Field tests across multiple locations in Sichuan province found average rice yields of over 10,000 kg/ha with plastic mulch. Plastic mulch maintains stable yields, and matures rice earlier than traditional methods. It also increases soil temperature and nitrogen efficiency while reducing water, fertilizer and labor inputs compared to other mulching techniques or no mulch.
The document summarizes findings from a study evaluating the impact of SRI capacity building interventions in four Lower Mekong Basin countries. Key findings include:
1) The percentage of farmers using recommended SRI practices, such as younger seedlings, wider spacing, and fewer seedlings per hill, increased among farmers directly involved in the interventions compared to indirect or control groups.
2) Cluster analysis showed that adoption of SRI principles like seedlings per hill and spacing had a greater impact on adaptation patterns than factors like landholding.
3) Weed management transitioned from primarily chemical or manual methods to mostly manual weeding, in line with SRI recommendations, among farmers involved in the interventions.
Lucy Fisher-SRI Networks Around the World Where to Next?Sri Lmb
This document discusses various System of Rice Intensification (SRI) networks around the world. It provides details on global, regional, and national SRI networks. The global networks discussed are SRI-Rice, the SRI Equipment Network, and the SRI Research Network. Regional networks mentioned include those in Latin America, Africa, and Asia. Several national networks are also described, such as those in the Philippines, Japan, Taiwan, India, and others. The document reflects on how to better connect these networks to support one another's work in promoting the use of SRI methods.
This document summarizes a Monitoring, Evaluation and Learning (MEL) study conducted in Laos to understand the impact of SRI capacity building interventions. The study analyzed changes in crop performance, farming systems, and patterns among different farmer groups. Data was collected from 278 farmers across 9 villages in 3 provinces. Key findings include: FPAR/SRI farmers achieved higher yields than NFPAR/NSRI and control groups; most farmers realized economic profits and household gains from SRI; and mindsets around labor requirements and land suitability need to be addressed to scale up SRI. The document recommends expanding SRI to new areas, ongoing capacity building, and incentives to further promote the methodology.
Bancy - SRI in Kenya and towards SRI-Africa learning networkSri Lmb
This document summarizes research on the System of Rice Intensification (SRI) conducted in Kenya. SRI aims to increase rice yields through improved agronomic practices like transplanting young seedlings in a wide spacing and alternating wetting and drying of soils. Research found SRI increased yields in Kenya from 4-5 tonnes/ha to 7-10 tonnes/ha, used 25-33% less water, and had higher returns compared to conventional flooded rice production. SRI also resulted in less mosquito larvae survival, lower input costs, and superior rice grain quality preferred by millers. Over 5,400 farmers in Kenya have now adopted SRI techniques.
Jan Willem Ketelaar - Save and Grow - Green rice LandscapesSri Lmb
1) The document outlines results from projects promoting sustainable intensification of rice production systems in Asia through farmer field schools and case studies from Lao PDR.
2) Key findings include increased rice yields and incomes alongside reduced input use through diversified rice-fish and rice-vegetable systems.
3) Effective communication of results to policymakers is needed to facilitate scaling out of climate-smart practices and rice sector transformation through enabling policies and investments in smallholder farmer training.
P K Viswanathan - Reflection on Key Points from Day 1 and some pointers for D...Sri Lmb
- The document summarizes key points from Day 1 of a regional workshop on System of Rice Intensification (SRI) held in Thailand.
- It discusses the opening remarks emphasizing the importance of SRI for food security and meeting UN Sustainable Development Goals.
- Technical sessions covered outcomes and learnings from an EU-funded SRI project in 4 countries, and presentations from project coordinators and farmers on achievements and recommendations.
- The document highlights the need to scale up SRI as an integrated part of conservation agriculture and increase youth participation.
B C Barah- Upscaling Strategy for Agro-Ecological Innovations for Food SecuritySri Lmb
The document discusses strategies for upscaling agro-ecological innovations like the System of Rice Intensification (SRI) in India to improve food security. It outlines the formation and mission of the National Consortium of SRI in India (NCS) to promote SRI adoption through research, practice, and policy engagement. NCS has worked to strengthen state networks, validate SRI scientifically, and influence national programs. The document also reviews NCS's activities over the years, including policy dialogues, studies on indigenous varieties and disadoption, and an innovative governance structure proposal to scale agro-ecological practices.
This document summarizes the introduction and promotion of the System of Rice Intensification (SRI) method in Bangladesh over several years through research projects and farmer engagement. Key findings include increased yields of 30-50% with SRI, lower costs, and higher profits compared to traditional methods. Farmer adoption increased over time through training programs led by organizations like BRAC and RDA. Research also found benefits of community approaches, mechanized transplantation, raised beds, and compost use for SRI.
Project Achievements – Key learning and Recommendations Sri Lmb
The document summarizes the results of a project that promoted the System of Rice Intensification (SRI) in Vietnam. Key findings include:
1) SRI adoption covered 30% of rice land in northern Vietnam, with yields 6-13% higher and net returns $2,000-4,000/ha greater than conventional practices.
2) 72 farmer participatory action research sites trained over 2,000 farmers in SRI techniques through field demonstrations and experiments on planting density, seeding rates, and weed management.
3) Input costs were 24-46% lower with SRI due to reduced seed, fertilizer, and pesticide use. However, yields were maintained or increased under S
No-till crop establishment of transplanted and direct seeded rice in Conserva...Sri Lmb
By Dr. Md. Enamul Haque
Coordinator, Nutrient Management for Diversified Cropping (NUMAN) and Conservation Agriculture Projects, Bangladesh
nted and direct seeded rice in Conservation Agriculture
Key Findings of the Evaluation of the SRI-LMB ProjectSri Lmb
The evaluation assessed the SRI-LMB project's progress towards its objectives. It found:
1) The project was highly relevant in addressing farmers' rice production issues and the needs of communities in the region.
2) Project implementation was efficient, delivering extensive outputs on budget by utilizing local partnerships.
3) Training programs effectively increased farmers' knowledge and adoption of SRI practices, though sharing with others could be improved.
4) The project had a positive impact by improving livelihoods, empowering women, and demonstrating SRI's potential to policymakers.
5) Farmers were committed to continuing SRI but require ongoing support; sustainability also depends on collaborative government policies and market access.
SRI-LMB in Laos by Viengxay Photakoun and Kongsy Xayavong from DTEAP, MAF LaosSri Lmb
This document summarizes the SRI-LMB project in Laos, which aims to increase crop yields and productivity for smallholder farmers in a sustainable manner. Funded by the EU and implemented by partners, the project trains farmers in SRI and FFS principles. It established sites in 3 provinces to experiment and train other farmers. Results from 2015-2017 showed SRI yielding higher than conventional practices, with more tillers and grains per panicle. Lessons included improving coordination, capacity building, and assisting with mechanization and integrated pest management. Moving forward, the project aims to scale up to more districts and provinces, establish farmer groups, and link SRI to seed production, agriculture centers, and markets.
Upscaling Strategy for Agro-Ecological Innovations for Food Security Sri Lmb
The document discusses strategies for increasing food security through agro-ecological innovations like the System of Rice Intensification (SRI). It notes that SRI has helped increase yields for smallholder farmers in a sustainable, low-cost manner. The National Consortium of SRI in India (NCS) was formed in 2006 to promote SRI adoption and conduct research on its benefits. NCS has engaged in policy dialogues, capacity building, and studies on SRI's impacts on food security, indigenous rice varieties, and factors that influence adoption rates.
This document describes the experiences of farmers in Surin province, Thailand using the System of Rice Intensification (SRI) method between 2008-2016. It provides details on:
- The number of farmer groups and members using SRI, growing from 2 groups/2 members in 2014 to 20 groups/600 members in 2016.
- The steps of the SRI rice growing method including seedbed preparation, transplanting young seedlings, direct seeding, data collection during growth stages, and harvesting.
- Benefits identified after 3 years including reduced costs, similar or better rice yields than conventional methods, drought tolerance, and easy weed control.
- Challenges faced including drought leading to weed
- The document provides a final report on sustaining and enhancing the System of Rice Intensification (SRI) in Vietnam.
- Key findings include yield gains and higher net returns from using SRI compared to conventional practices. Field experiments also found optimal planting densities, seedling numbers per hill, and seeding rates to maximize yields.
- The program established 72 Farmer Participatory Action Research sites which trained over 2,000 farmers and conducted demonstrations and studies on various SRI techniques.
Final Workshop by Kong Kea, Project Management Unit, CambodiaSri Lmb
This document summarizes activities of the System of Rice Intensification (SRI) project in Cambodia from 2014-2017. It discusses:
1. The project targeted 3 provinces and 9 districts, working with over 3,500 farmers through Farmer Participatory Action Research.
2. Major activities included training, experiments comparing SRI and conventional methods, and field days to share results. SRI led to increased yields between 2.6-4 tons/ha compared to under 2.5 tons/ha for others.
3. Costs of seed, pesticides, and fertilizer decreased under SRI, while labor increased. Key challenges were lack of labor and water. Farmers suggested addressing high input
Learning with the System of Rice Intensification for Food Security and Climat...Sri Lmb
The document summarizes the System of Rice Intensification for Lower Mekong Basin (SRI-LMB) project. The key points are:
- SRI-LMB was a 5-year EU funded project implemented in 4 countries (Cambodia, Laos, Thailand, Vietnam) to promote the System of Rice Intensification (SRI) for improved food security and climate-smart agriculture.
- The project involved over 15,000 farmers across 33 districts and evaluated SRI practices through 582 on-farm trials. Results showed increases in yield, profitability, labor productivity, and resource use efficiency compared to conventional practices.
- Data analysis found that SRI practices led to 52
CLASS 12th CHEMISTRY SOLID STATE ppt (Animated)eitps1506
Description:
Dive into the fascinating realm of solid-state physics with our meticulously crafted online PowerPoint presentation. This immersive educational resource offers a comprehensive exploration of the fundamental concepts, theories, and applications within the realm of solid-state physics.
From crystalline structures to semiconductor devices, this presentation delves into the intricate principles governing the behavior of solids, providing clear explanations and illustrative examples to enhance understanding. Whether you're a student delving into the subject for the first time or a seasoned researcher seeking to deepen your knowledge, our presentation offers valuable insights and in-depth analyses to cater to various levels of expertise.
Key topics covered include:
Crystal Structures: Unravel the mysteries of crystalline arrangements and their significance in determining material properties.
Band Theory: Explore the electronic band structure of solids and understand how it influences their conductive properties.
Semiconductor Physics: Delve into the behavior of semiconductors, including doping, carrier transport, and device applications.
Magnetic Properties: Investigate the magnetic behavior of solids, including ferromagnetism, antiferromagnetism, and ferrimagnetism.
Optical Properties: Examine the interaction of light with solids, including absorption, reflection, and transmission phenomena.
With visually engaging slides, informative content, and interactive elements, our online PowerPoint presentation serves as a valuable resource for students, educators, and enthusiasts alike, facilitating a deeper understanding of the captivating world of solid-state physics. Explore the intricacies of solid-state materials and unlock the secrets behind their remarkable properties with our comprehensive presentation.
SDSS1335+0728: The awakening of a ∼ 106M⊙ black hole⋆Sérgio Sacani
Context. The early-type galaxy SDSS J133519.91+072807.4 (hereafter SDSS1335+0728), which had exhibited no prior optical variations during the preceding two decades, began showing significant nuclear variability in the Zwicky Transient Facility (ZTF) alert stream from December 2019 (as ZTF19acnskyy). This variability behaviour, coupled with the host-galaxy properties, suggests that SDSS1335+0728 hosts a ∼ 106M⊙ black hole (BH) that is currently in the process of ‘turning on’. Aims. We present a multi-wavelength photometric analysis and spectroscopic follow-up performed with the aim of better understanding the origin of the nuclear variations detected in SDSS1335+0728. Methods. We used archival photometry (from WISE, 2MASS, SDSS, GALEX, eROSITA) and spectroscopic data (from SDSS and LAMOST) to study the state of SDSS1335+0728 prior to December 2019, and new observations from Swift, SOAR/Goodman, VLT/X-shooter, and Keck/LRIS taken after its turn-on to characterise its current state. We analysed the variability of SDSS1335+0728 in the X-ray/UV/optical/mid-infrared range, modelled its spectral energy distribution prior to and after December 2019, and studied the evolution of its UV/optical spectra. Results. From our multi-wavelength photometric analysis, we find that: (a) since 2021, the UV flux (from Swift/UVOT observations) is four times brighter than the flux reported by GALEX in 2004; (b) since June 2022, the mid-infrared flux has risen more than two times, and the W1−W2 WISE colour has become redder; and (c) since February 2024, the source has begun showing X-ray emission. From our spectroscopic follow-up, we see that (i) the narrow emission line ratios are now consistent with a more energetic ionising continuum; (ii) broad emission lines are not detected; and (iii) the [OIII] line increased its flux ∼ 3.6 years after the first ZTF alert, which implies a relatively compact narrow-line-emitting region. Conclusions. We conclude that the variations observed in SDSS1335+0728 could be either explained by a ∼ 106M⊙ AGN that is just turning on or by an exotic tidal disruption event (TDE). If the former is true, SDSS1335+0728 is one of the strongest cases of an AGNobserved in the process of activating. If the latter were found to be the case, it would correspond to the longest and faintest TDE ever observed (or another class of still unknown nuclear transient). Future observations of SDSS1335+0728 are crucial to further understand its behaviour. Key words. galaxies: active– accretion, accretion discs– galaxies: individual: SDSS J133519.91+072807.4
Immersive Learning That Works: Research Grounding and Paths ForwardLeonel Morgado
We will metaverse into the essence of immersive learning, into its three dimensions and conceptual models. This approach encompasses elements from teaching methodologies to social involvement, through organizational concerns and technologies. Challenging the perception of learning as knowledge transfer, we introduce a 'Uses, Practices & Strategies' model operationalized by the 'Immersive Learning Brain' and ‘Immersion Cube’ frameworks. This approach offers a comprehensive guide through the intricacies of immersive educational experiences and spotlighting research frontiers, along the immersion dimensions of system, narrative, and agency. Our discourse extends to stakeholders beyond the academic sphere, addressing the interests of technologists, instructional designers, and policymakers. We span various contexts, from formal education to organizational transformation to the new horizon of an AI-pervasive society. This keynote aims to unite the iLRN community in a collaborative journey towards a future where immersive learning research and practice coalesce, paving the way for innovative educational research and practice landscapes.
Candidate young stellar objects in the S-cluster: Kinematic analysis of a sub...Sérgio Sacani
Context. The observation of several L-band emission sources in the S cluster has led to a rich discussion of their nature. However, a definitive answer to the classification of the dusty objects requires an explanation for the detection of compact Doppler-shifted Brγ emission. The ionized hydrogen in combination with the observation of mid-infrared L-band continuum emission suggests that most of these sources are embedded in a dusty envelope. These embedded sources are part of the S-cluster, and their relationship to the S-stars is still under debate. To date, the question of the origin of these two populations has been vague, although all explanations favor migration processes for the individual cluster members. Aims. This work revisits the S-cluster and its dusty members orbiting the supermassive black hole SgrA* on bound Keplerian orbits from a kinematic perspective. The aim is to explore the Keplerian parameters for patterns that might imply a nonrandom distribution of the sample. Additionally, various analytical aspects are considered to address the nature of the dusty sources. Methods. Based on the photometric analysis, we estimated the individual H−K and K−L colors for the source sample and compared the results to known cluster members. The classification revealed a noticeable contrast between the S-stars and the dusty sources. To fit the flux-density distribution, we utilized the radiative transfer code HYPERION and implemented a young stellar object Class I model. We obtained the position angle from the Keplerian fit results; additionally, we analyzed the distribution of the inclinations and the longitudes of the ascending node. Results. The colors of the dusty sources suggest a stellar nature consistent with the spectral energy distribution in the near and midinfrared domains. Furthermore, the evaporation timescales of dusty and gaseous clumps in the vicinity of SgrA* are much shorter ( 2yr) than the epochs covered by the observations (≈15yr). In addition to the strong evidence for the stellar classification of the D-sources, we also find a clear disk-like pattern following the arrangements of S-stars proposed in the literature. Furthermore, we find a global intrinsic inclination for all dusty sources of 60 ± 20◦, implying a common formation process. Conclusions. The pattern of the dusty sources manifested in the distribution of the position angles, inclinations, and longitudes of the ascending node strongly suggests two different scenarios: the main-sequence stars and the dusty stellar S-cluster sources share a common formation history or migrated with a similar formation channel in the vicinity of SgrA*. Alternatively, the gravitational influence of SgrA* in combination with a massive perturber, such as a putative intermediate mass black hole in the IRS 13 cluster, forces the dusty objects and S-stars to follow a particular orbital arrangement. Key words. stars: black holes– stars: formation– Galaxy: center– galaxies: star formation
Microbial interaction
Microorganisms interacts with each other and can be physically associated with another organisms in a variety of ways.
One organism can be located on the surface of another organism as an ectobiont or located within another organism as endobiont.
Microbial interaction may be positive such as mutualism, proto-cooperation, commensalism or may be negative such as parasitism, predation or competition
Types of microbial interaction
Positive interaction: mutualism, proto-cooperation, commensalism
Negative interaction: Ammensalism (antagonism), parasitism, predation, competition
I. Mutualism:
It is defined as the relationship in which each organism in interaction gets benefits from association. It is an obligatory relationship in which mutualist and host are metabolically dependent on each other.
Mutualistic relationship is very specific where one member of association cannot be replaced by another species.
Mutualism require close physical contact between interacting organisms.
Relationship of mutualism allows organisms to exist in habitat that could not occupied by either species alone.
Mutualistic relationship between organisms allows them to act as a single organism.
Examples of mutualism:
i. Lichens:
Lichens are excellent example of mutualism.
They are the association of specific fungi and certain genus of algae. In lichen, fungal partner is called mycobiont and algal partner is called
II. Syntrophism:
It is an association in which the growth of one organism either depends on or improved by the substrate provided by another organism.
In syntrophism both organism in association gets benefits.
Compound A
Utilized by population 1
Compound B
Utilized by population 2
Compound C
utilized by both Population 1+2
Products
In this theoretical example of syntrophism, population 1 is able to utilize and metabolize compound A, forming compound B but cannot metabolize beyond compound B without co-operation of population 2. Population 2is unable to utilize compound A but it can metabolize compound B forming compound C. Then both population 1 and 2 are able to carry out metabolic reaction which leads to formation of end product that neither population could produce alone.
Examples of syntrophism:
i. Methanogenic ecosystem in sludge digester
Methane produced by methanogenic bacteria depends upon interspecies hydrogen transfer by other fermentative bacteria.
Anaerobic fermentative bacteria generate CO2 and H2 utilizing carbohydrates which is then utilized by methanogenic bacteria (Methanobacter) to produce methane.
ii. Lactobacillus arobinosus and Enterococcus faecalis:
In the minimal media, Lactobacillus arobinosus and Enterococcus faecalis are able to grow together but not alone.
The synergistic relationship between E. faecalis and L. arobinosus occurs in which E. faecalis require folic acid
TOPIC OF DISCUSSION: CENTRIFUGATION SLIDESHARE.pptxshubhijain836
Centrifugation is a powerful technique used in laboratories to separate components of a heterogeneous mixture based on their density. This process utilizes centrifugal force to rapidly spin samples, causing denser particles to migrate outward more quickly than lighter ones. As a result, distinct layers form within the sample tube, allowing for easy isolation and purification of target substances.
(June 12, 2024) Webinar: Development of PET theranostics targeting the molecu...Scintica Instrumentation
Targeting Hsp90 and its pathogen Orthologs with Tethered Inhibitors as a Diagnostic and Therapeutic Strategy for cancer and infectious diseases with Dr. Timothy Haystead.
Anti-Universe And Emergent Gravity and the Dark UniverseSérgio Sacani
Recent theoretical progress indicates that spacetime and gravity emerge together from the entanglement structure of an underlying microscopic theory. These ideas are best understood in Anti-de Sitter space, where they rely on the area law for entanglement entropy. The extension to de Sitter space requires taking into account the entropy and temperature associated with the cosmological horizon. Using insights from string theory, black hole physics and quantum information theory we argue that the positive dark energy leads to a thermal volume law contribution to the entropy that overtakes the area law precisely at the cosmological horizon. Due to the competition between area and volume law entanglement the microscopic de Sitter states do not thermalise at sub-Hubble scales: they exhibit memory effects in the form of an entropy displacement caused by matter. The emergent laws of gravity contain an additional ‘dark’ gravitational force describing the ‘elastic’ response due to the entropy displacement. We derive an estimate of the strength of this extra force in terms of the baryonic mass, Newton’s constant and the Hubble acceleration scale a0 = cH0, and provide evidence for the fact that this additional ‘dark gravity force’ explains the observed phenomena in galaxies and clusters currently attributed to dark matter.
Mending Clothing to Support Sustainable Fashion_CIMaR 2024.pdfSelcen Ozturkcan
Ozturkcan, S., Berndt, A., & Angelakis, A. (2024). Mending clothing to support sustainable fashion. Presented at the 31st Annual Conference by the Consortium for International Marketing Research (CIMaR), 10-13 Jun 2024, University of Gävle, Sweden.
Project achievement and the “way forward” by Wijay
1. Final Workshop
Organized by the ACISAI, AIT
(01-02 November 2018, NOVOTEL BANGKOK SUKHUMVIT 20, Thailand)
SUSTAINING AND ENHANCING THE MOMENTUM FOR INNOVATION
AND LEARNING AROUND THE SYSTEM OF RICE INTENSIFICATION
(SRI)
IN THE LOWER MEKONG RIVER BASIN (SRI-LMB)
Project achievement and the “way forward”
2. AIT-led, EU financed SRI-LMB project
Implemented in food-insecure, rainfed rice production
areas of the Lower Mekong
River Basin countries; Lao,
Cambodia, Vietnam, and
Thailand (2013-18)
Brought together various
stakeholders working at
global, regional, national, and local levels;
Increased crop yield, productivity and profitability on
sustainable basis at smallholder farmers’ fields and,
Significantly contributed towards enhancing the resilience
of rainfed farmers confronting climate change variability
3. Completed a wide range of activities, within a short time
Farmers’ participatory action research (FPAR)
Field experiments and demonstrations on low-cost
technological options
Local adaptation of
SRI practices and
Associated capacity
building and experience
sharing were numerous;
few are listed below:
Farmers’ Congress, exposure visits, district & provincial meetings, Review &
Planning Workshops (RPW) at national & regional levels, development and
dissemination of Education and Communication (IEC) material including but not
limited to: Newsletters, Brochures, Banners, case studies (including women
farmers’ success stories), leaflets, flyers, journal publications, international
conference papers, radio programs, pocket guides, press release and university
student Theses. Dedicated Project website continuously up-dated information.
National Review & Planning Meeting,
Vietnam (18 Nov 2016)
5. Project Achievement –few selected outputs
66% increase in crop yield (compared to baseline)
70% increase in farmers’ net profitability
66% increase in labor use efficiency
59% increase in water productivity
Three-fold enhancement of
fertilizer use efficiency (regional)
37% reduction in energy input
for farming. Reduction in
greenhouse gas emission from
rainfed & irrigated area by 16% and 13%, respectively
National and international recognition (clearly evident)
National Workshop and Farmer
Congress, Uttaradit, Thailand (29-
30 March 2018)
7. Selected Recommendations from Policy studies
Articulate different domains and activities of each
ministry and department
Climate change action strategy into practical plans
Policies on farmers‘ cooperatives for multiple functions:
financing, extension, access to market
Support farmer participation in profitable organic
market: extension, value chain coordination and market
generation/promotion, organic certification
Policy incentives for private sector to participate as
service provider {suggest partnerships with FOs}
Promote access to credit by smallholders. Support for
productive use of credit
8. Conclusion based on results analysis
Project’s contribution to climate-smart agriculture,
through enhancement of agriculture productivity in an
environmentally-sound and
cost-effective way, was
evident from analysis of results
Project demonstrated increased
rice farm productivity under
different climatic conditions
through SRI + conservation farming
A “sense of ownership of the project” developed among
stakeholders at multiple strata — from the local community
to national and regional levels including senior policymakers.
FPAR 2017 Ha Tinh, Vietnam
9. Rationale for follow-up Project
ASEAN Food Security’s Action Plan 2015-2020 has
identified “SRI and conservation agriculture as climate-
smart integrated practices to be
implemented in ASEAN member
States to address the future risk
associated with climate change”
Therefore, SRI-LMB was a timely
intervention. It has paved the
way for more intensive and
wider application of “SRI-centered climate-smart and
profitable agriculture”.
Hence Phase 2 is proposed
SRI-LMB FPAR women groups in Bac
Giang province, Vietnam, SRI-LMB
Newsletter; Volume 5, Issue 2: 2017
10. The Way Forward….
A cost-effective and climate-smart scaling up of SRI- SCI
can be achieved using the successful platform built by the
SRI-LMB project. A follow-up project is proposed for scaling-
up of SRI-SCI targeting multiple benefits, especially focusing
on profits to small farmers through:
Strengthening Farmers’
Organizations (FOs), not only for
small farmers to capture economies
of scale and commercialize farming
to become active partners of market
economy, but also to adopt a integrated water shed-based
holistic approach towards Climate-smart agriculture
FPAR 2017 Ha Tinh, Vietnam
11. The major strategies proposed for Phase 2
Collective Action by Farmers’ Organizations (FOs) and FO-
Network to benefit all activities
Expanding to other crops- SCI
Continued focus on climate-
smart agriculture, with a
watershed-based approach
Participatory Action Research
on Local Adaptation (of SRI, SCI)
Special focus on women & youth
Capacity building of stakeholders at different levels,
especially government agencies, universities
Continued support to policy research, dialogue and
advocacy: special focus on women and youth
Strategy to maintain momentum until Phase 2 is launched
Regional Review & Planning Workshop,
Siem Reap, Cambodia (2-3 June 2015)
12. Extending to other crops - SCI
Extend to other crops utilizing principles of System of
Crop Intensification, SCI
Planned diversification, development / adaptation
and adoption of agroecological
farming methods
Development of low-cost,
location-specific and
demand-driven technologies:
Already started in Phase 1 but
broader opportunities exist for
Phase 2: e.g. mechanization, post-harvest management
including value addition.
Processing of rice by a woman
farmer from X village, Nakai
district Khammouan province, Lao
13. Watershed-based approach for SRI-SCI scaling-up and
Climate-smart Agriculture
Various parts of the watershed are physically and
operationally linked, the adverse environmental (and
health impacts) are the result of cumulative effects of
farming practices that are
mostly non-point source
pollutions
Environment-friendly crop
management practices by
some farmers (say, due to
exposure to project) would
be less effective due to eco-unfriendly practices by others
Watershed-network of FOs would Collectively address issues
AIT visit for monitoring landless
household training-Cambodia (Sep. 2017)
14. Further research on local adaptation of SRI and SCI
What practices were chosen by farmers? (continuation
of Phase 1 research on local adaptation)
What are the main reasons for choosing each practice or
a cluster of practices?
Have they modified practice(s)?
Is there a (statistically
significant) location-specific
pattern and reasons for choosing
“package(s) of practices” or
“modifications” ? Therefore,
Research involving multiple disciplines (e.g. soil physics,
plant’s bio-chemical reactions, socioeconomic)
FPAR in Yommalath district,
Khammaouan, Lao PDR (18 Aug 2015)
15. Active participation of women and youth: Manage the
“ways” of transforming small-farm agriculture
Intensifying and diversify market-driven activities “creating”
more opportunities for women,
including in input-output services
and value-chains {through FO-
managed Collective Action –
discussed later}, with
Policy support: e.g. performance-
based incentives to FOs, including FCs and FCo-ops (credit,
infrastructure like storage /processing also to attract youth
and reverse migration);
Policy and special programs to help close the gender gap in
agriculture and rural employment
Farmer's Participatory
Action Research 2016, Cambodia
16. Capacity building of stakeholders
In addition to capacity building of farmers, Phase 2 of the
project would include special mechanisms for building the
capacities of other stakeholders
like government agencies
including Ministries,
departments & Universities
Would include short, medium
and long-term training, support
to “exchange-programs”,
national and international
conferences / workshops, study tours, etc.
Regional Review & Planning Workshop,
Siem Reap, Cambodia (2-3 June 2015)
17. Key strategy: promote farmers’ CA for SRI scaling-up
More rapid scaling-up of SRI is important because it has the
potential for contributing significantly to poverty reduction in
SEA and world-wide
Farmers’ collective action (CA) would be made a key strategy
for accelerating the scaling-up of SRI
Capturing economies of scale through novel institutional
arrangements like multi-functional FOs (Farmers’ Companies and
Farmer Cooperatives) would be pivotal for commercialization of
small-farmer agriculture. FOs would develop over time as self-
sustained business entities
This strategy would develop mutually-beneficial partnerships
with the private sector to facilitate farmers’ engaging more
fully/fairly in market economy
17
18. Farmers’ CA for SRI Scaling-Up (continued)
CA in production planning, input-output services, including
post-harvest management / value-addition
An integrated approach to accelerate adoption of SRI,
SCI aimed at Climate-smart agriculture
This strategy would develop mutually-beneficial
partnerships with the private sector to facilitate farmers’
engaging more fully/fairly in market economy
The following slides are adopted from RPW-2017
(Keynote presentation Wijay with Norman)
18
19. 19
Beyond On-Farm Activity: Economic Strength
CA managed by a strong network of FOs (Farmers’ Companies +
Farmers’ Cooperatives) would enable small farmers to move
beyond on-farm activity, e.g., achieve profits through post-
harvest management incl. value-addition.
• CA would address the crucial
issue: once farmers are
successful on the agronomic
side, how can they be similarly
successful on the economic side?
• Further, how can farmers’ avoid
their agronomic success leading
to economic setbacks? Answers
to these questions are crucial for food security.
CFPAR in Yommalath district, Khammouan
province, Lao PDR (18 Aug 2015)
20. Conclusion 1
Collective Action is proposed for future SRI-SCI scaling-up
strategy mainly because crop yield and profit of (small)
farmers who adopt SRI depend on a variety of
complementary factors like:
a) adoption of other technologies, post-harvest as well as
production technologies;
b) timely availability of key inputs; and
c) prices of inputs and outputs, access to markets, etc.
Farmers’ CA is capable of dealing with most of these
factors. If these other factors are well-managed, overall
productivity and profit will be greater, and farmers can
capture the full benefits of SRI-SCI. This should help to
accelerate rate of SRI-SCI adoption. 20
21. Conclusion 2
SRI has demonstrated that it is higher-yielding, water-
saving, time-saving and climate-smart. With such
advantages, SRI can lead the way to poverty reduction,
especially because the majority are resource-poor, small
farmers vulnerable to climate change. They are the major
suppliers of staple food in Asia.
If farmers’ CA is supportive of SRI utilization, it can benefit
urban residents also, and especially the urban poor who
spend a larger portion of their meagre incomes on rice.
This should become less expensive with higher efficiency
and productivity in rice-growing.
21
22. Conclusion 3
Most small farmers grow also non-rice crops and could
benefit from SCI. But many non-rice crops are more
perishable and CA can make them more remunerative.
Collective action by FOs -- including Farmer Companies
and Farmer Co-operatives -- does double duty for
improving the utilization of SCI as well as SRI.
Therefore, SRI initiatives should attempt to catalyze
and facilitate the development of a strong, vertically
and horizontally integrated network of FOs to manage
collective action for enhancing agronomic efficiency,
farmer incomes, and agroecological sustainability.
22
23. Multi-functional FO/Farmers’ Company / Farmers’ Co-operative
OPEN MARKET (Others)
GoodDistributionofIncome
Base Organization
(Farmers’
Organization
/ Co-op)
Value Addition Private Companies
Other service Providers
Ø Government Agencies
Ø Private Sector
Project
§ FINANCE (e.g. Revolving Funds”);
MANAGEMENT INPUTS
§ FACILITATION (Catalyzing /
Mentoring & Tech. inputs)
Higher-level Multi-
Functional Farmers’
Organization (incl.
/ Co-op; Farmer
Company
Form
FC/ Multi-
functional W
UA
Plan and
organize
Production
Provide services: Inputs
Information, Transport,
Collection etc (Sell)
Watershed Management
(water harvesting and other)
Purchase produce through
Forward contracts
Value addition
Sell /buy
Products and
Services
through
contractual
agreements
24. CA in expansion of SRI,
SCI. intensifying
conservation farming
SRI-LMB Project- The “Way forward” towards Climate-smart Agriculture
- Components for consideration -
CA in appropriate
mechanization / attracting
youth
CA in water harvesting:
enhance and extend water
availability:
In-depth participatory
research on Local
Adaptation of SRI, SCI
CA in input supply, FO-led
Extension, post-harvest mgt.,
incl. marketing, value-chain
Collective
Action by
Farmers’
Organizations (FOs)
including Farmers’
Companies and
Cooperatives
FO-Network:
Horizontal & Vertical
links: FO-FO; FO-
Government
Agencies; FO -Private
Sector
Capacity building of
Government agencies,
Universities on SRI, SCI and
Conservation/ Green growth
Policy research and
advocacy including legal
support to FOs
Widening Scope: Watershed-
base; extend to other crops
(SCI), intensive action on
climate-smart agric.
Project area is rainfed - ”adaptation" is expected. Project assisted farmers to adapt SRI practices
Important to assess achievement against "time"
4 countries, 11 Provinces, A large number of field sites
So, many field sites - - experiments (knowledge-building) and knowledge sharing combined implying "experiential learning", in addition,
A variety of methods of experience sharing and debate at different levels: International recognitions-can quote evidence
Regional, national and local Coordination Units enhanced coordination and collaboration
Project Management Unit (PMU) / country office at country level and Local Management Unit (LMU) at provincial level, respectively. AIT,s Asian Centre of Innovation for Sustainable Agriculture Intensification (ACISAI) hosts the project AIT
Adoption and Adaptation Figure: At once you see there is no significant change? But in some locations it has been extra-ordinary. That's why we need to dig into Local Adaptation. How can we isolate location specificity in adaptation? How can we focus PAR and help? Location/ situation (like farm-size, shortage of labor) mechanization? More focus on specific SRI/SCI practices? Collective Action for achieving economies of scale? FCs??
.
POLICY STUDIES: I think it is difficult to examine a lot in a limited number of studies with limited scope
Refer my earlier suggestions / issues here.
How can PAR assist (refer earlier notes)
Collective Action
SRI/SCI adoption deserves more support from PAR (then much renowned, resourceful international reserach centers would “open their eyes”. In my opinion, what they should have done was to conduct “scientific” (against OR supplementary PAR??) research to check?? Then they would quickly realize the merits of SRI/SCI and “redesign their research, teaching, recimmendations??
There is no doubt, Phase 2 of SRI-LMB needs to conduct special programs focusing on women and underprivileged (PLUS, on youth, for different reason/goal {of "Attracting youth"). In addition, Phase 2 may consider employing mechanisms / activities for ensuring "mainstreaming" women's participation {"Gender Mainstreaming"). .