The document discusses the implementation and maintenance of a BSS (Base Station Subsystem) system for GSM, CDMA, and 3G networks. It provides information on Tata Docomo as a telecom service provider in India and the products and services it offers. The objective of the project is to implement BSS sites and maintain them using a Network Management Center and Operation and Maintenance Center. It then covers basic BSS concepts, the concept of maintenance, a process flow diagram for project rollout, an example of link budget calculations, common maintenance issues and how to address them, limitations, findings, and recommendations.

1. IMPLEMENTATION AND
MAINTENANCE OF BSS SYSTEM FOR
GSM CDMA AND 3G
Presented By:
K Mathew Shilling Jose
TM1514311(BITM)

2. Company Information
 An Indian broadband and telecommunication service provider based in Mumbai, Maharashtra, India.
 Tata DOCOMO arises out of the Tata Group’s strategic alliance with Japanese telecom major NTT
DOCOMO in November 2008.
 The company has been rated as the no. 1 wireless operator in terms of overall customer satisfaction
across Maharashtra (including Mumbai) and Goa, in surveys commissioned by the Telecom
Regulatory Authority of India (TRAI).
PRODUCT AND SERVICES OFFERED:-
 Tata DoCoMo CDMA
 Tata DoCoMo GSM
 Tata DoCoMo Walky
 Tata DoCoMo Photon
 Tata DoCoMo Internet

3. OBJECTIVE OF THE PROJECT
 The objective of the project is to Implement the BSS(Base station
subsystem) site and to maintain the same with Operation and
Transmission team.
 The Maintenance part is done using the Network Management Center
and Operation and maintenance center.

4. Project Overview
1. BASIC CONCEPTS OF BASE STATION SUBSYSTEM (BSS)
MS, Mobile Station
The mobile station is the device that is used by a subscriber in order to send and receive
traffic. The MS contains of the Mobile Equipment (ME), which can be a cellular phone or a
laptop equipped with a GSM card, and a Subscriber Identity Module (SIM) containing among
other things subscriber information.
BTS, Base Transceiver Station
The base transceiver station is the network node sending and receiving messages via the air
and contains therefore only functions that are related to radio and which must be located
closest to the radio interface, as channel coding and decryption for circuit switched traffic.
BSC, Base Station Controller
The base station controller is controlling one or more base transceiver stations. It also handles
functions related to the radio equipment, as channel allocation and administration to the
mobile station, handover procedures, paging, and sometimes also voice transcoding. (Some
vendors implement the transcoder in the base transceiver station instead.)

5. 2. CONCEPT OF MAINTENANCE
NMC, Network Management Centre
The network management centre is controlling the GSM network and reporting transmission
problems.
OMC, Operation and Maintenance Centre
One operation and maintenance centre can control hundreds of network nodes within the
GSM network. It is sending alarming reports for different kinds of faults, as incorrect input.
After the understanding of the architectures theoretically, its practical application is
understood through the different computers used to control as well as monitor the various
sites to which the connectivity is provided by the company. The practical application
involve:
Working with the OMCR (Operation and Maintenance Centre Radio) to monitor the
BSS system by checking the alarms and investigating the different faults that have come up
at a particular site.

6. With the NMS (Network Management System) team to monitor transmission media and
transmission mux (multiplexers) and the troubleshooting of the faults.
With PNMS team to help monitor microwave media and the equipment failure (IDU and
ODU).
A clear understanding is achieved on visiting the cell sites or the service sites and
observing the troubleshooting techniques involved to solve the different issues that had
come to pass.
voltage, corrupt data signals etc.

7. IMPLEMENTATION OF BSS FLOW DIAGRAM
Process Flow Chart for Project Roll Out
AOP Site list Approved By Business team
Sites RF Survey and SAM Planning
Sites Loaded to
Different IPs for
Feasibility
NO
Yes
Not Feasible sites loaded to Build
As Anchor with BU approval
Service Order (SO ) Issued to IPs for
Feasible sites
Sites Declared Ready for Installation
(RFI ) by IPs
Sites Loaded in SMP portal for
Location ID creation
FAR ID and WBS is created in
SAP
Material Requisition (MR ) given
to WH Team
Material Dispatched
from WH to Site
EMFSite Installation and Integration
EMF Submission and SCFT
Site Declared RFS to Business
team

8. 1. AOP Site list Approved By Business team
Analyzing the need for new sites
Business planning and decision making
Allocating fund
2. Sites RF Survey and SAM Planning
Survey for suitable place
SAM PLANNING-giving unique ID
3.Sites Loaded to Different IPs for Feasibility
Approaching different infra providers such as
GTL
Indus tower
American tower
Unitech
Idea

9. 4.Service Order (SO ) Issued to IPs for Feasible Sites
Selecting one of the infra provider based on the feasibility
Ordering and giving money for Ips
5. Tower or Pole
6. Sites Declared Ready for Installation (RFI ) by IPs
Indoor Site
Outdoor Site
Now a days 90% are outdoor sites (cost saving)
7. Sites Loaded in SMP portal for Location ID creation
Check whether Power Equipments is installed or not
ID creation

10. 8. Tray and Duct
9. Line of sight survey-check nearest visible cell site
10. Material Requisition (MR ) given to WH Team
11. Material Dispatched from WH to Site
12. Site Installation and Integration
Installing as per specification , three sector antenna 0,120,240 to cover
entire 360 degree space. It may vary according to requirements.
Microwave antenna is checked and installed as per link budget.
Cell site Integration and commissioning(I&C).

11. 13. EMF Submission and SCFT
Handover site for Sector Carrier and Functional Test (SCFT)
Drive test is done for SCFT.
For CDMA drive test done by checking all the parameters through software
agilent.
14.Site Declared RFS to Business team
Acceptance test to operation team.
Finally site is declared to business and marketing unit (sales team).

12. LINK BUDGET OF MICROWAVE HOP USING PATH LOSS
TOOL

13. MAINTENANCE OF BSS SYSTEM
Alarms Detected in Login Server
1. Network Management System
In this only ECI MUX will be visible others are unmanaged unit.
It is down mostly due to the fiber cut and if one fiber is degraded i.e. Only on the single fiber loss
is occured.

14. 2. Passolink Network Management System
AIS –Alarm Indication Signal
At particular node issue occurs in the ring then you get a AIS alarm.
RDI-Radio Dual Interference
Optical fiber break, Optical interface to the OTR line is down, then the team goes and replace the fiber or
OTR. Finally they reset the IDU and check the service.

15. Line of Sight
Login the metering and check if the RX level is increased then align the microwave antenna in a proper
direction. So RX level will come to original.
Creation of building-occurence of interference

16. Interference
It occurs due to same frequency in this case the field engineers will go to area and
change the frequency in radio settings or put dummy frequency.
If it is not resolved yet then exchange the ODU with new ODU.

17. 3. Operaton and Maintenance Center
VSWR-Voltage Standing Wave Ratio
It occurs due to loose connection between cable and BTS connectors
Sector High Temperature
This alarm occurs due to Fan module faulty
Sites visited by me: Alarm sign:
1. Pun_Moshi shanti Trade_iPASO 1.Green-stable,active or live
2. TalegaonMor_1472-Lake Parad_2405 2.Green slow blinking-live
3. Bhosari GBT—Parekh Engg 3.Green fast blinking-Communicating or
4. Parekh Engg—Bhosari GBT Downloading data
5. HDFC Colony 4.Amber-Warning alarm
6. Shahu Nagar 5.Red-Issue
7. Thermax—HDFC Colony 6.No LED-Equipment Faulty

18. LIMITATIONS
 The company was very supportive and helped me learn about everything
that they had to offer. Language was one of the main drawback for me to
understand few things in depth. And few things I missed out due to time
constraint are listed as follows.
 Call Scenario
 Call Establishment
 Call Setup
 Quality of Service

19. FINDINGS
 TATA’S CDMA- 2 BSC and 550 BTS
 TATA’S GSM- 7 BSC and 1200 BTS
 TATA’S 3G- 3 RNC and 1150 BTS
 Based on the TRx capaacity of BTS you can connect it to BSC.
 For Example,
If 7 BTS having 1100 TRx you can connect all 7 BTS to a single BSC of 1100 TRx capacity.
COMPARITIVE ANALYSIS
Advantage of New technology
 1. Number of E1 can be increased.
 2. Helps in improving the number of calls.
 3. Data connection can be given to many user from single device of 2mbps speed for each user.
 4. By combining 3 to 4 E1 we can give speed of 8mbps to a single user.
Disadvantage of New technology
 1. Replacing with New technology in all site will gives many unused E1 connection.
 2. High cost and manpower is needed.

20. RECOMMENDATION
 Complete visual inspection of the equipment and connections.
 Cleaning of filters, fans.
 Pre-monsoon checks.
 In the future while deploying the fiber cable make sure that it is not near or close to
the HT&LT electric cable MSEB, because when the optical cable contact with high
tension electric cable during lightening and thundering and the reverse voltage
produced in the cable will destroy the BTS.
 Few times fiber cable’s are installed through private area ,person from that area have
the rights to cut the fiber which is passing through his area. So it should be avoided.
 The labour’s working in the field should be properly trained in some case they cut
the wrong fiber unintentionally.
 New techonolgy should be installed only if it is needed.

21. Key Learnings
 How to build up a BSS site
 Clear knowledge about existing device and new devices
 Process of implementation of BSS
 Maintenance of BSS system
 How to overcome the issue created by Line of Sight

22. THANK YOU