This document summarizes production details of four legume crops - French bean, cluster bean, cowpea, and dolichos bean. It provides their scientific names, origin, climate preferences, suitable soil types, planting seasons, land preparation methods, seed rates, spacing, fertilizer requirements, irrigation needs, weed control practices, growth regulators used, harvesting times, and typical yields. The crops require varying temperatures and rainfall, and are grown using similar cultivation techniques across different regions of India.

1. PRODUCTION TECHNOLOGY OF LEGUMES (FAMILY: LUGUMINACEAE) –B. Pavan Kumar Naik (Assistant Professor, Horticulture)
FRENCH BEAN CLUSTER BEAN COW PEA DOLICHOS BEAN
SCIENTIFIC
NAME
Phaeolus vulgaris Cyamopsis tetragonaloba Vigna ungiculata Dolichos lablab
CH. NO 2n=22 2n=22 2n=22 2n=22
ORIGIN Southern Mexico & Central America India Africa India
CLIMATE Opt.
Temp.
15-25 o
C, sensitive to high temperature 20-25 o
C 21-35 o
C, cannot with stand heavy rain. 18-27 o
C, highly drought resistant.
SOIL Light sandy soils to clay soils.
pH 5.3-6.0
Sandy loams
pH 7-8.5
All types of soil.
pH 5.5-6.5
Sandy loam, silt loam & clay loam are best
suited.
pH 5.5-6.5
SEASON PLAINS- July – Sept. & Jan-Feb.
HILLS- March – May
June-July & Feb-March,
Sept-Octo.
Jan-Feb, May-June. June-July, Feb-March.
LAND PREPA. Soil should be ploughed, clods are broken and
weeds are removed and brought to fine tilth by
shallow cultivation.
2-3 ploughings, clods should be broken and
bring the soil to fine tilth.
Soil should be ploughed, clods are broken and
weeds are removed and brought to fine tilth by
shallow cultivation.
Soil should be ploughed, clods are broken
and weeds are removed and brought to fine
tilth by shallow cultivation.
SEED RATE Bush type@ 60-65 kg/ha.
Pole type@25-30 kg/ha.
25-30 kg/ha.
Seed incoculation with Rhizobium helps in
nodulation and N2 fixation.
15-20 kg/ha
Seed incoculation with Rhizobium helps in
nodulation and N2 fixation.
40-50 kg/ha.
Seed incoculation with Rhizobium helps in
nodulation and N2 fixation.
SPACING RxP@30cm x 10cm,
45 cm x 15 cm.
45 cm x 20 cm
45 cm x 25 cm
30 cm x 10 cm,
45 cm x 15 cm
30 cm x 10 cm,
45 cm x 15 cm
NUTRITION 25 t/ha FYM,
N:P:K@63:100:75 kg/ha.
FYM@25t/hac.
N:P:K@25:75:60 kg/ha.
FYM@25 t/ha.
N:P:K@25:75:60 kg/ha.
FYM@25 t/ha.
N:P:K@25:50:25 kg/ha.
IRRIGATION 6-7 irrigations required at regular interval. 7-10 days interval for higher yield. 5-7 days interval. 7-10 days interval.
WEEDS Fluchloralin@2 lit./ha.
2 hand weeding.
1 or 2 weedings are essential for kharif
season crop.
2 hand hoeing,
Fluchloralin@2 lit/ha.
2 hand hoeing,
Fluchloralin@2 lit/ha.
GROWTH REGU. B-naphthal acetic acid@5-25ppm. Fruit set. MH@50-200ppm, increase yield. NAA@ 15
PPM fruit set.
HARVESTING First harvest 45 days after sowing. Green pods
are picked in immature stage.
Green pods will be ready for harvest 45 days
after sowing.
Tender pods are harvested for marketing. Bush type: ready for harvesting after 2
months.
Pole type: 3 months. Picking 15-20 days
interval.
YIELD Bush types: 8-10 t/ha.
Pole types: 12-15 t/ha.
3-4 t/ha Green pods: 50-80q/ha.
Yard long beans: 15-18 t/ha.
60-80 q/ha. Of green pods.