Final presentation on "Experiential Learning Programme" under B.Sc. Agriculture Programme.

1. Raja Bhoj CollegeofAgriculture,
Balaghat
Experiential Learning Programme
(ELP 2019-20)
Final Presentation
Presented by –
Shivkant Dangi
B.Sc. (Agriculture) Hons.
En. No. - 160301078
Presented to –
Dr. S.B. Agrawal
Associate Professor
Department of Agronomye
Dr. Atul Shrivastava
Asistant Professor
Department of Agronomy
Organic Input Production Technology

2. “If conservation of natural
resources goes wrong,
nothing else will go right”
Dr. M.S. Swaminathan

3. Objectives of ELP
marketing
skills
Production
technology
Supervision
Risk management
Entrepreneurial
skills
Here, at Raja Bhoj College of Agriculture, Balaghat, it includes planning,
producing, budgeting, and marketing of horticultural crops,
Vermicompost and BGA.

4. Objectives of Project
An eco-friendly revolution
Affordable, cost-effective and eco-
friendly agricultural practices
Waste management
Bio-fertilisers
Reduced Input of farming
Increased yield
Soil quality improvement
Market potential

5. Opportunity at Balaghat
Easily availability
of raw materials
Large number of
animals01 02
Easily availability
of labour.
Market
opportunity.03 04
Apparently, Installing a vermicompost production unit is an
opportunity ubiquitously. Also, indubitably, it is a laudable
option as an enterprise to commend vermicompost production
at Balaghat. Further, are cited few perspicuous and
conspicuous phenomena exhortating installation of
vermicompost production unit at Balaghat –

6. Role of students in ELP
Unit management
Market research
Floor supervision
Schedule preparation
Other skilled and unskilled work
Project Planning
Project outline preparation
Resource management

7. C O M P O N E N T - I
VERMICOMPOST
P R O D U C T I O N

8. Vermicomposting Requirements
01
02
03
04
Monitoring
Earthworms
Raw material
Infrastructure

9. Raw materials for Vermicomposting
Weeds Dung Crop residue Kitchen waste Leaf litter

10. Safety and Prerequisite Measures
For vermicomposting unit
01 02
03 04
Permanent or
temporary roof
Protection from fire
Protection from high
wind velocity through
barriers like net.
Drainage system

11. Eisenia foetida
• Tiger worm or Red wrinkle
Eudrillus euginiae
• African earthworm
Perinonyx ecavatus
• Asian worm
Selection
Of
Suitable
Earthworms

12. Eisenia foetida
Conversion rate – Higher
Cocoons are resistant towards
dry situations and low or high
temperature
It can work at any temperature
from 0°C to 35°C.
Hatching rate – Higher

13.  Your Text Here
55% 30%
15%
A B
C
characters Eisenia foetida
Body length 3-10 c.m.
Body weight 0.5-0.8 c.m.
Maturity 50-55 days
Feeding habit Surface feeder
Cocoon production 1 in every 3 days
Conversion rate 2q / 1500 worm/2 month.
Incubation of cocoon 20-23 days

14. What Worms Need
A food source.An hospitable living
environment, usually
called “bedding”
Adequate moisture
(greater than 50% water
content by weight).
Adequate aeration

15. Filling
layers
Of
Pits
Earthworms
Half decomposed dung
Half decomposed dung
Paddy straw
Paddy straw
05
04
03
02
01
06

16. Watering the vermibed
Daily watering is not required for vermibed. But
60% moisture should be maintained throughout
the period.
If necessity arises, water should be sprinkled
over the bed rather than pouring the water.
Watering should be stopped before the harvest
of vermicompost.
No Flooding

17. The decomposition occurring in the compost pile takes up
all the available oxygen.
Aeration is the replacement of oxygen to the center of the
compost pile where it is lacking.
Efficient decomposition can only occur if sufficient oxygen is
present. This is called aerobic decomposition.
 Composting systems or structures should incorporate
adequate ventilation.
Turning the compost pile is an effective means of adding
oxygen and brings newly added material into contact with
microbes.
It can be done with a pitchfork or a shovel, or a special tool
called an “aerator,” designed specifically for that purpose.
If the compost pile is not aerated, it may produce an odor
symptomatic of anaerobic decomposition.
Aeration

18. Stages in Vermicomposting
Fragmentation
01 Digestion
03Decomposition
02

19. Phases of Vermicomposting
01
03
02
04
collection of wastes, shredding,
mechanical separation
Pre decomposition of cow dung.
Preparation of earthworm bed Harvesting and storage

20. Harvesting Earthworms
By Hands or By Heap
OR
Manual harvesting involves hand-sorting,
or picking the worms directly from the
compost by hand when worms are very
few or when we need very few.
When vermicompost is prepared, a heap
of it is made under sunlight and eventually
all the worms gather at the bottom of the
heap which can be collected.

21. HARVESTING
VERMICOMPOST
The material is sieved in 2
mm sieve , the material
passed through the sieve is
called as vermicompost. The
sieving process helps retrieve
unhatched cocoons that can
be transferred to the tank.
VERMICOMPOST

22. Storing Vermicompost
1
2
3
4
Let it dry a little
Ensure damp but not wet
Ensure sufficient air penetration
Store in non-airtight container

23. Get a modern
PowerPoint
Presentation that is
beautifully designed.
Presentation
Component Quantity
Organic carbon 9.5 – 17.98%
Nitrogen 3 - 5 %
Phosphorous 0.6 – 1 %
Potassium 1 – 1.5 %
Sodium 0.06 – 0.30%
Calcium and Magnesium 22.67 to 47.60 meq/100g
Copper 100 ppm
Iron 1800 ppm
Zinc 50 ppm
Sulphur 128 to 548 ppm
Nutritive value of
vermicompost

24. Advantages of Vermicompost Usage
Plant
 Crop yield
 Germination
 Root growth
Plant health
Soil
 Aeration
 Water holding
capacity
 Micro-
organisms
 Plant
hormones
Economic
 Low input
 In situ
source
 Higher crop
price
 Reduced
fertilizer use
Environment
 Biowastes
conversion
 Eco friendly
 Organic
farming

25. Precautionary measures in vermicomposting
Both dry spell as well as too much water
can kill the worms. Therefore, the compost
heap must be sprinkled with water daily
during summer. The beds must be moisture
every alternate day during winter.
Water Stress
The vermicompost beds must not be
covered with plastic sheets or tarpaulin.
This would lead to accumulation of gases
and also increase the heat inside the bed
which can be detrimental to the
earthworms.
Covering the Beds
They must be protected from pests like rats,
termites, birds, ants, etc. 5% neem based
insecticide before the heap is filled and
worms are introduced. The heap ca be
covered with a net to protect the worms
from predators like birds.
Protection from Pests
The compost material must be purely
organic. It must be devoid of materials like
glass pieces, stones, ceramic pieces, plastic,
etc.
Compost Material

26. Renovation
Of
Vermicompost
Production
Unit
@ COA Balaghat

27. Possibilities of Enrichment
Vermiwash
Excretory products and mucus secretion of earthworms
along with micronutrients from the soil organic
molecules
Use of Rock Phosphate
Use of 10% or 20% rock phosphate with
vermicompost.
Use of PSB
the availability of Phosphorus
Use of Trichoderma or Rhizobium
In legumes
Vermi
compost

28. Cost of
Production
2.09
01
Total cow dung – 2.4 tonne
Earthworms – 40 kg
Paddy straw – 1.6 tonne
Total Material used
02 Cow dung –Rs 3200
Paddy straw – Rs 1280
Earthworms – Rs 12,000
Bags – Rs 750
Other – Rs 800
Total = 18,030 Rs
Total Expenses
03
From Vermicompost in two rounds = 1.51 tonne @
Rs 5000 / t = Rs 7,550
From Earthworms in two rounds = 100 Kg @ Rs
300/Kg = 30,000 Rs
Total output earned
 Gross returns = 37,550 Rs
 Total profit = 37,550 -
18,000 = 19,550 Rs
 Cost of production =
18000/1510 = 11.94 Rs/Kg
B : C

29. Earthworm
Improves nutrient availability
01
Improves soil structure
02
Increases organic matter
03
Reduces soil compaction
04
Increases soil aeration
05
WHO PROTECTS
SOIL’S LIFE

30. C O M P O N E N T - I I
BLUE GREEN ALGAE
P R O D U C T I O N
@ Raja Bhoj College
of Agriculture,
Balaghat

31. Required Resources/Material for BGA Production
01
Production unit (i.e. pits)
03
Fertile soil 05
Mother culture of BGA
02
Water
04
06
Lime
Single Super Phosphate

32. PIT
Length – 6 feet
Width – 3 feet
Depth – 1.5 feet
Cleaning – Before starting of the production the
pits are cleaned properly to remove inert material
from the pit and production of pure BGA.
Liming – Pits to be used for BGA production are
applied with lime (CaO). It helps in soil reclamation
since BGA performs best in neutral or alkaline soil.

33. SOIL
Soil is an important component in
BGA production. Nutrient rich soil is
used for the production of BGA. It
ensures better production of BGA.
Well fertile 35 kg soil is added per
pit.
WATER
The pits are filled with water
and the level of water is
determined to prevent any
spilling out of water out of
the pit. Water is added to
the pits timely.

34. Steering
the
solution The soil is well steered so
that the soil is well spread
in the water and mixed.

35. Removal
of
inert
material
The inert material arrived
with the soil is then
removed by sieve from
the pit.

36. Release
of
Mother
culture
Mother culture is added
to the pits at the rate of
500 gm per pit when the
water and soil is added to
the pits

37. Addition
of
SSP
and
CuSO4
Copper Sulphate prevents
soil borne diseases and
SSP provides soil with
Phosphorus.
CuSO4 - 250 gm
SSP – 250 gm

38. Blue Green Algae
Monitoring
The process of BGA multiplication
takes 14 – 15 days to complete.
Meanwhile, regular monitoring is
required ensuring addition of water
and attack of insect pests.
To prevent the attack of insect
pastes 2-5 ml of Chloropyriphos is
added per pit.
Harvesting
Harvesting mother culture – Mother culture floats
on the surface of water even when rest of BGA is
sank. It is collected first.
Harvesting of BGA – BGA is harvested and dried in
the shade. Drying BGA in sun light is prohibited.
Storage
It can be stored in shade.

39. Problems, Constraints and strategies to overcome
Solutions
Awareness
Importance demonstration
Storage of the produce in shade
Chloropyriphos after 4-5 days of
starting of the production
Unavailability of market
Deterioration of the quality
Insect attack

40. Cost of
Production
9.15
01
Mother culture (25 Kg) – Rs 12500
SSP –Rs 150
Other expenses – Rs 1500
Total input cost / 50 pits – Rs 14,150
Total input cost /10 pit = Rs 2830
Total Expenses (50 pits)
02
Mother culture - 1Kg/pit = 10 Kg
BGA – 38 Kg/pit = 380 Kg
Total Production (10 pits)
03
Mother culture – 10 * Rs 500 = 5000 Rs
BGA – Rs 380 * 55Rs = Rs 20,900
Gross returns = Rs 25,900
Gross Returns
Cost of production = 2830/390 =
7.26 Rs/Kg
Total Profit – Rs 23,070
C : B

41. Thank you