PRODUCTION OF X RAYS
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X-rays were discovered in 1895 by Wilhelm Röntgen while experimenting with cathode ray tubes. X-rays are produced when high-speed electrons interact with matter, such as the tungsten target inside an X-ray tube. Tungsten is used as the target material because it has a high atomic number and melting point and can withstand the heat produced. Modern X-ray tubes use techniques such as rotating anodes and water cooling to dissipate heat. X-rays are used in medical imaging and radiation therapy by generating them using X-ray tubes powered by high voltage electrical circuits.
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Production of x rays
Wilhelm Roentgen discovered X-rays in 1895 while experimenting with cathode rays. An X-ray tube consists of a glass envelope evacuated to high vacuum containing a cathode filament and anode target, usually made of tungsten. When the filament is heated by electricity it emits electrons which are accelerated towards the positively charged anode. This produces two types of X-rays: Bremsstrahlung and characteristic. X-ray generators use high voltage transformers and rectifiers to produce X-rays and are classified by their output and ripple percentage. The X-ray spectrum depends on the target material and can be hardened through the use of filtration.
Production of xrays
Wilhelm Roentgen discovered X-rays in 1895 while experimenting with cathode ray tubes. He noticed fluorescent screens glowing in a darkened room when a high voltage was applied to the tube. This led to the discovery that X-rays could pass through and image bones in the human body. Modern X-ray tubes use a tungsten target bombarded by electrons emitted from a heated filament to produce X-rays, which are used in medical imaging and radiation therapy. X-rays are generated via two mechanisms: bremsstrahlung and characteristic radiation.
Study of Xray machines and functions.pdf
In this pdf you will learn how the x ray machines work and how x rays produce, to enhance your knowledge about x rays machine then you have read this. You will get every knowledge about xrays in short and easy language.
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Production of x rays
The document summarizes the key components and functioning of an X-ray machine. It describes the tube head, X-ray tube, and power supply components including transformers. It explains how electrons are emitted from the cathode and accelerated towards the anode target to produce X-rays. The document also discusses factors like vacuum, focal spot size, and angle of target placement that influence image quality and heat dissipation.
X-RAY GENERATORS(1).pdf
This document provides information about x-ray generators. It discusses the key components of x-ray generators including transformers, rectifiers, and exposure timers. The transformers are used to increase or decrease voltage in the circuit. Rectifiers convert alternating current to direct current. Exposure timers control the length of x-ray exposures. The document also describes different types of x-ray generators such as three-phase generators, power storage generators, and automatic exposure control systems.
X ray generator
An x-ray generator uses a transformer assembly and control panel to supply electric power to the x-ray tube. The transformer assembly contains components like transformers, a rectifier, and capacitors that modify incoming alternating current into high voltage direct current needed by the x-ray tube. It increases the voltage using step-up transformers by factors of 600 or more. The control panel contains components that allow adjusting and monitoring of exposure parameters like kVp and mA, as well as buttons to initiate and terminate x-ray exposures. Modern x-ray generators use advanced rectification and switching circuits to provide stable, ripple-free power for short exposures like in angiography and fluoroscopy.
X-Ray Tube complete-1.pptx
1. The document discusses the functioning of an X-ray transformer control panel and X-ray tube. It describes how transformers are used to increase and decrease voltage for X-ray machines and the components of transformers.
2. The control panel contains meters, switches and buttons to select settings for kilovoltage, milliamperes and exposure time. It also includes safety devices like fuses.
3. The X-ray tube produces X-rays when fast moving electrons emitted from the cathode are stopped by the anode. It contains components like the glass envelope, cathode, anode and focal spot where X-rays are generated.
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Production of x rays
Wilhelm Roentgen discovered X-rays in 1895 while experimenting with cathode rays. An X-ray tube consists of a glass envelope evacuated to high vacuum containing a cathode filament and anode target, usually made of tungsten. When the filament is heated by electricity it emits electrons which are accelerated towards the positively charged anode. This produces two types of X-rays: Bremsstrahlung and characteristic. X-ray generators use high voltage transformers and rectifiers to produce X-rays and are classified by their output and ripple percentage. The X-ray spectrum depends on the target material and can be hardened through the use of filtration.
Production of xrays
Wilhelm Roentgen discovered X-rays in 1895 while experimenting with cathode ray tubes. He noticed fluorescent screens glowing in a darkened room when a high voltage was applied to the tube. This led to the discovery that X-rays could pass through and image bones in the human body. Modern X-ray tubes use a tungsten target bombarded by electrons emitted from a heated filament to produce X-rays, which are used in medical imaging and radiation therapy. X-rays are generated via two mechanisms: bremsstrahlung and characteristic radiation.
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Pelletron and van de graff generator
The document discusses a Pelletron tandem accelerator. A Pelletron uses a chain of metal pellets and insulating connectors to generate a high voltage on its terminal, allowing for tandem acceleration of ions. It operates similarly to a Van de Graaff generator but can achieve higher voltages and currents. Ions are produced, accelerated twice in opposite directions, steered, and directed into scattering chambers. Applications include materials analysis, medical uses, and industrial processes like radiation production and sterilization.
Production of x rays
The document summarizes the key components and functioning of an X-ray machine. It describes the tube head, X-ray tube, and power supply components including transformers. It explains how electrons are emitted from the cathode and accelerated towards the anode target to produce X-rays. The document also discusses factors like vacuum, focal spot size, and angle of target placement that influence image quality and heat dissipation.
X-RAY GENERATORS(1).pdf
This document provides information about x-ray generators. It discusses the key components of x-ray generators including transformers, rectifiers, and exposure timers. The transformers are used to increase or decrease voltage in the circuit. Rectifiers convert alternating current to direct current. Exposure timers control the length of x-ray exposures. The document also describes different types of x-ray generators such as three-phase generators, power storage generators, and automatic exposure control systems.
X ray generator
An x-ray generator uses a transformer assembly and control panel to supply electric power to the x-ray tube. The transformer assembly contains components like transformers, a rectifier, and capacitors that modify incoming alternating current into high voltage direct current needed by the x-ray tube. It increases the voltage using step-up transformers by factors of 600 or more. The control panel contains components that allow adjusting and monitoring of exposure parameters like kVp and mA, as well as buttons to initiate and terminate x-ray exposures. Modern x-ray generators use advanced rectification and switching circuits to provide stable, ripple-free power for short exposures like in angiography and fluoroscopy.
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1. The document discusses the functioning of an X-ray transformer control panel and X-ray tube. It describes how transformers are used to increase and decrease voltage for X-ray machines and the components of transformers.
2. The control panel contains meters, switches and buttons to select settings for kilovoltage, milliamperes and exposure time. It also includes safety devices like fuses.
3. The X-ray tube produces X-rays when fast moving electrons emitted from the cathode are stopped by the anode. It contains components like the glass envelope, cathode, anode and focal spot where X-rays are generated.
X-ray generators.pptx
X-ray generators supply electrical power to x-ray tubes. They modify electrical energy from a source to meet the needs of the tube. The generator has a timer to regulate exposure length. A basic x-ray machine circuit has a control console, high-voltage section, and x-ray tube. Autotransformers, step-up transformers, and step-down transformers are used to attain the proper voltages and currents for x-ray production and heating the filament. Rectifiers convert alternating current to direct current required by the x-ray tube. Three-phase generators are more efficient than single-phase generators as the voltage is nearly constant across the x-ray tube.
Components of X-Ray Tube
The document summarizes the key components and functioning of an X-ray tube. It describes how X-ray tubes evolved from Crookes tubes and are now used widely in medical imaging and airport security. The main components of an X-ray tube are the glass envelope, cathode, anode and protective housing. The cathode emits electrons via a heated filament. The anode converts the electrons' kinetic energy into X-rays used for imaging. Rotating anodes allow continuous imaging by dispersing heat across a larger surface. The tube is enclosed to safely generate controllable X-rays for medical and industrial applications.
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(1) X-rays are produced when fast moving electrons are stopped by a target material, with 1% of the electron's kinetic energy converted to X-rays. (2) X-ray generators use a high voltage source to accelerate electrons from a heated cathode filament toward an anode target, producing a bremsstrahlung spectrum of X-rays. (3) Modern X-ray tubes feature a rotating anode to dissipate heat and allow longer exposures without damage to the anode.
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Wilhelm Conrad Roentgen discovered X-rays in 1895 while experimenting with cathode rays. He noted a new type of ray coming from the cathode tube that could pass through materials and photographed his wife's hand. X-rays are produced when high-speed electrons collide with a metal target in a vacuum tube. This produces bremsstrahlung X-rays of varying energies and characteristic X-rays of specific energies related to the target material. Factors like target material, voltage, current, and filtration determine the quantity, quality, and efficiency of the X-ray beam produced.
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PRODUCTION OF X RAYS
- 1. PRODUCTION OF X RAYS DR DHIRAJ R MESHRAM JR1 RADIATION ONCOLOGY
- 2. WILHELM RÖNTGEN • 1895 • Cathode rays(stream of e-) in gas d/c tube. • Observed another type of radiation produced by interaction of e- with glass wall of tube. • Tht could penetrate opaque subs. , produce fluorescence , blacken photographic plate & ionize gas. • He named it X RAYS.
- 3. X RAY TUBE
- 4. ANODE • TUNGSTEN is target material of choice d/t… • High atomic number[74]. • High melting point[3370°C]. • Withstand intense heat produced in target by electronic bombardment. • Heat removel is done by :- • -connecting thick copper anode to outside tube whr its cooled by oil/water/air. • -rotating anode-radiated heat to the oil reservoir surrounding tube.
- 5. PRINCIPLE OF LINE FOCUS
- 6. CATHODE • X ray {Coolidge}tube with wire filament. • Circuit provide filament current • -ve charged focusing cup
- 7. BASIC X RAY CIRCUIT
- 8. • Self rectified therapy unit. • High voltage circuit-provide accelerating potential to e-. • Low voltage circuit supply heating current to filament. • Step down transformer in AC line voltage provide filament supply for e- emission of about 10V AT 6A.
- 10. SELF RECTIFIED UNIT • anode is positive with res pect to the cathode only through half the voltage cycle, the tube current flows through that half of the cycle. During the next half-cycle, the voltage is reversed and the current cannot flow in the reverse direction. Thus, the tube current as well as the x-rays will be generated only during the half-cycle when the anode is positive. A machine operating in this manner is called the self-rectified unit
- 11. VOLTAGE RECTIFICATION • Rectifiers placed in series in the high voltage part of circuit which prevent tube from conducting during inverse voltage cycle. • Half wave rectification. • High voltage rectifiers:-2 types—valve & solid state. • Valve recti. Is like x ray tube. • Solid state recti.—coated with semiconducting element— selenium,silicon & germanium. • Full wave recti.– four rectifiers arranged in high voltage part of circuit.
- 12. HIGH OUTPUT X RAY GENERATORS A.THREE PHASE GENERATORS Three phase ,six pulse system B.CONSTANT POTENTIAL GENERATORS C.HIGH FREQ. GENERATORS:-Less wt. & size , low volt ripple,great efficacy of x ray production , max x ray output/mAs , short exposure time
- 13. PHYSICS OF X-RAY PRODUCTION BREMSSTRAHLUNG X RAYS CHARASTERISTIC X RAYS
- 14. BREMSSTRAHLUNG VS CHARACTERISTIC X RAYS
- 15. THANKING YOU