Production involves transforming raw materials into finished goods and services to satisfy human wants. It includes three main types of systems: job production which produces custom goods; batch production which produces limited batches of different products; and mass production which produces large volumes of standardized goods continuously. Productivity measures the efficiency of production by calculating the ratio of outputs to inputs. It indicates how effectively production utilizes resources to generate income. Entrepreneurship is the process where entrepreneurs identify profitable opportunities, organize business ventures, assume risks to turn opportunities into profitable activities. Entrepreneurs bring together resources creatively to generate greater value through innovation. Economic order quantity is the optimal order size that minimizes total inventory costs including ordering and storage costs