This presentation, by G. Deniz Both, Independent Researcher, (PHD from King's College London and LL.M from University of East Anglia), was made during the discussion “Regional Competition Agreements: Benefits and Challenges”, held during the 17th OECD Global Forum on Competition on 29 November 2018. More documents and presentations on this topic can be found at oe.cd/rca.
This presentation by Beata Javorcik, Chief Economist, European Bank for Reconstruction and Development, was made during the discussion “Trade, Development and Competition” held at the 20th meeting of the OECD Global Forum on Competition on 7 December 2021. More papers and presentations on the topic can be found out at oe.cd/tdc.
This presentation by Chile FNE was made during the discussion “Competition issues in aftermarkets” held at the 127th meeting of the OECD Competition Committee on 21 June 2017. More papers and presentations on the topic can be found out at oe.cd/1ZY.
This presentation by Chile Fiscalía Nacional Económica was made during the discussion on “Market study methodologies for competition authorities” held at the 125th meeting of the OECD Working Party No. 3 on Co-operation and Enforcement on 20 June 2017. More papers and presentations on the topic can be found out at oe.cd/1ZX.
Future Watch signal: Trade war between the US and China has triggered the foreign companies in China to rethink their China strategies. Other than multinational companies and those without multi-product lines, are impacted the most, sometimes to the extend that the new situation threatens their business survival. Some companies fear that their businesses might enter into a complete standstill because of a small, low-value component that falls under the sanctions somewhere in their supply chain. Sourcing managers are already busy finding alternate sources in countries where the new US import tariffs don’t apply – at least at this moment.
This presentation by Teresa MOREIRA, Head, Competition and Consumer Policies Branch, UNCTAD, was made during the discussion “Competition provisions in trade agreements” held at the 18th meeting of the OECD Global Forum on Competition on 5 December 2019. More papers and presentations on the topic can be found at oe.cd/cpta.
This presentation, by G. Deniz Both, Independent Researcher, (PHD from King's College London and LL.M from University of East Anglia), was made during the discussion “Regional Competition Agreements: Benefits and Challenges”, held during the 17th OECD Global Forum on Competition on 29 November 2018. More documents and presentations on this topic can be found at oe.cd/rca.
This presentation by Beata Javorcik, Chief Economist, European Bank for Reconstruction and Development, was made during the discussion “Trade, Development and Competition” held at the 20th meeting of the OECD Global Forum on Competition on 7 December 2021. More papers and presentations on the topic can be found out at oe.cd/tdc.
This presentation by Chile FNE was made during the discussion “Competition issues in aftermarkets” held at the 127th meeting of the OECD Competition Committee on 21 June 2017. More papers and presentations on the topic can be found out at oe.cd/1ZY.
This presentation by Chile Fiscalía Nacional Económica was made during the discussion on “Market study methodologies for competition authorities” held at the 125th meeting of the OECD Working Party No. 3 on Co-operation and Enforcement on 20 June 2017. More papers and presentations on the topic can be found out at oe.cd/1ZX.
Future Watch signal: Trade war between the US and China has triggered the foreign companies in China to rethink their China strategies. Other than multinational companies and those without multi-product lines, are impacted the most, sometimes to the extend that the new situation threatens their business survival. Some companies fear that their businesses might enter into a complete standstill because of a small, low-value component that falls under the sanctions somewhere in their supply chain. Sourcing managers are already busy finding alternate sources in countries where the new US import tariffs don’t apply – at least at this moment.
This presentation by Teresa MOREIRA, Head, Competition and Consumer Policies Branch, UNCTAD, was made during the discussion “Competition provisions in trade agreements” held at the 18th meeting of the OECD Global Forum on Competition on 5 December 2019. More papers and presentations on the topic can be found at oe.cd/cpta.
This presentation summarises the findings of this 2016 OECD report on procurement rules and regulations in PEMEX (Mexico's state-owed petroleum company) and makes policy recommendations to promote competition and fight bid rigging in accordance with international best practices. The full report available in English and Spanish can be downloaded at oe.cd/fbrmex.
This presentation by Susan F. STONE, Head, Emerging Policy Division, Trade and Agriculture Directorate, OECD, was made during the discussion “Competition provisions in trade agreements” held at the 18th meeting of the OECD Global Forum on Competition on 5 December 2019. More papers and presentations on the topic can be found at oe.cd/cpta.
This presentation by the World Trade Organization was delivered during an OECD workshop on “Legal Models for International Enforcement Co-operation” held virtually on 28 October 2021.
More materials on the topic can be found at https://www.oecd.org/daf/competition/workshop-on-legal-models-for-international-enforcement-cooperation.htm.
This presentation was uploaded with the author’s consent.
This presentation by the UK Competition and Markets Authority was made during the discussion “Market Concentration” held at the 129th meeting of the OECD Competition Committee on 7 June 2018. More papers and presentations on the topic can be found out at oe.cd/2gw.
This presentation by DG Comp (European Commission) was delivered during a workshop on “Methodologies to measure market competition” held virtually for competition authorities officials on 23 February 2021. More materials on the topic can be found at http://oe.cd/mmkts.
This presentation was uploaded with the author’s consent.
This presentation by the Chinese Taipei Fair Trade Commission was made during the discussion on “Market study methodologies for competition authorities” held at the 125th meeting of the OECD Working Party No. 3 on Co-operation and Enforcement on 20 June 2017. More papers and presentations on the topic can be found out at oe.cd/1ZX.
This presentation by Tomaso DUSO, Head of Department in the Firms and Markets Department of the Deutsches Institut für Wirtschaftsforschung (DIW Berlin), was made during the discussion “Methodologies to Measure Market Competition” held at the 135th meeting of the OECD Competition Committee on 11 June 2021. More papers and presentations on the topic can be found out at oe.cd/mmmc.
This presentation by Ecuador was made during the discussion “Competition for-the-market” held at the 18th meeting of the OECD Global Forum on Competition on 6 December 2019. More papers and presentations on the topic can be found at oe.cd/cmkt.
This presentation by Albania was made during the break-out Session 3, “Techniques and evidence for assessing predatory pricing, margin squeeze and exploitative abuses” in the discussion “Economic analysis and evidence in abuse cases” held at the 20th meeting of the OECD Global Forum on Competition on 7 December 2021. More papers and presentations on the topic can be found out at oe.cd/eac.
This presentation presents the key findings of a 12-month project in Romania which aimed at identifying competition-distorting rules and regulations in selected sectors.
Access the report at: oe.cd/1pj. Find out more about the project: http://www.oecd.org/daf/competition/romaniacompetitionassessment.htm
More about the Competition Assessment toolkit at www.oecd.org/competition/toolkit
This presentation by Stephen Davies (Professor of Economics, University of East Anglia, UK) was delivered during a workshop on “Methodologies to measure market competition” held virtually for competition authorities officials on 23 February 2021. More materials on the topic can be found at http://oe.cd/mmkts.
This presentation was uploaded with the author’s consent
This presentation by EU DG COMP was made during the discussion “Market Concentration” held at the 129th meeting of the OECD Competition Committee on 7 June 2018. More papers and presentations on the topic can be found out at oe.cd/2gw.
This presentation by the Austrian Competition Authority was made during Break-out Session 1: Advocacy in the framework of the discussion on “Overcoming adversity and attaining success: Small and developing competition agencies” held at the 16th meeting of the OECD Global Forum on Competition on 8 December 2017. More papers and presentations on the topic can be found out at oe.cd/sda.
This presentation by CUTS’ SG Pradeep S Mehta was made during Break-out Session 2: Enforcement in the framework of the discussion on “Overcoming adversity and attaining success: Small and developing competition agencies” held at the 16th meeting of the OECD Global Forum on Competition on 8 December 2017. More papers and presentations on the topic can be found out at oe.cd/sda.
This presentation by Patricia BASCUNANA-AMBROS, OECD Competition Division, was made during the discussion “Methodologies to Measure Market Competition” held at the 135th meeting of the OECD Competition Committee on 11 June 2021. More papers and presentations on the topic can be found out at oe.cd/mmmc.
This presentation by US Department of Justice, was made during the discussion “Market Concentration” held at the 129th meeting of the OECD Competition Committee on 7 June 2018. More papers and presentations on the topic can be found out at oe.cd/2gw.
This presentation by Chiara Criscuolo, Head of the OECD Productivity and Business Dynamics Division, Directorate of Science, Technology and Innovation, OECD, was made during the discussion “Market Concentration” held at the 129th meeting of the OECD Competition Committee on 7 June 2018. More papers and presentations on the topic can be found out at oe.cd/2gw.
This presentation by Johannes Erlandsson from the Swedish Competition Authority was made during the discussion “Safe harbours and legal presumptions in competition law” held at the 128th meeting of the OECD Competition Committee on 5 December 2017. More papers and presentations on the topic can be found out at oe.cd/21v.
This presentation by Jonathan Baker, Research Professor of Law, American University, Washington College of Law, was made during the discussion “Market Concentration” held at the 129th meeting of the OECD Competition Committee on 7 June 2018. More papers and presentations on the topic can be found out at oe.cd/2gw.
Raportul PricewaterhouseCoopers (PwC) cu tendinte si recomandari referitoare la modul in care companiile isi raporteaza performantele de sustenabilitate
Presentation by Sean Ennis, Senior Economist, OECD Competition Division, at the II Competition and Regulation Forum: “Reaching for market efficiency” which took place in Mexico on 9-10 January 2018. Further information is available at www.oecd.org/gov/regulatory-policy/.
This presentation summarises the findings of this 2016 OECD report on procurement rules and regulations in PEMEX (Mexico's state-owed petroleum company) and makes policy recommendations to promote competition and fight bid rigging in accordance with international best practices. The full report available in English and Spanish can be downloaded at oe.cd/fbrmex.
This presentation by Susan F. STONE, Head, Emerging Policy Division, Trade and Agriculture Directorate, OECD, was made during the discussion “Competition provisions in trade agreements” held at the 18th meeting of the OECD Global Forum on Competition on 5 December 2019. More papers and presentations on the topic can be found at oe.cd/cpta.
This presentation by the World Trade Organization was delivered during an OECD workshop on “Legal Models for International Enforcement Co-operation” held virtually on 28 October 2021.
More materials on the topic can be found at https://www.oecd.org/daf/competition/workshop-on-legal-models-for-international-enforcement-cooperation.htm.
This presentation was uploaded with the author’s consent.
This presentation by the UK Competition and Markets Authority was made during the discussion “Market Concentration” held at the 129th meeting of the OECD Competition Committee on 7 June 2018. More papers and presentations on the topic can be found out at oe.cd/2gw.
This presentation by DG Comp (European Commission) was delivered during a workshop on “Methodologies to measure market competition” held virtually for competition authorities officials on 23 February 2021. More materials on the topic can be found at http://oe.cd/mmkts.
This presentation was uploaded with the author’s consent.
This presentation by the Chinese Taipei Fair Trade Commission was made during the discussion on “Market study methodologies for competition authorities” held at the 125th meeting of the OECD Working Party No. 3 on Co-operation and Enforcement on 20 June 2017. More papers and presentations on the topic can be found out at oe.cd/1ZX.
This presentation by Tomaso DUSO, Head of Department in the Firms and Markets Department of the Deutsches Institut für Wirtschaftsforschung (DIW Berlin), was made during the discussion “Methodologies to Measure Market Competition” held at the 135th meeting of the OECD Competition Committee on 11 June 2021. More papers and presentations on the topic can be found out at oe.cd/mmmc.
This presentation by Ecuador was made during the discussion “Competition for-the-market” held at the 18th meeting of the OECD Global Forum on Competition on 6 December 2019. More papers and presentations on the topic can be found at oe.cd/cmkt.
This presentation by Albania was made during the break-out Session 3, “Techniques and evidence for assessing predatory pricing, margin squeeze and exploitative abuses” in the discussion “Economic analysis and evidence in abuse cases” held at the 20th meeting of the OECD Global Forum on Competition on 7 December 2021. More papers and presentations on the topic can be found out at oe.cd/eac.
This presentation presents the key findings of a 12-month project in Romania which aimed at identifying competition-distorting rules and regulations in selected sectors.
Access the report at: oe.cd/1pj. Find out more about the project: http://www.oecd.org/daf/competition/romaniacompetitionassessment.htm
More about the Competition Assessment toolkit at www.oecd.org/competition/toolkit
This presentation by Stephen Davies (Professor of Economics, University of East Anglia, UK) was delivered during a workshop on “Methodologies to measure market competition” held virtually for competition authorities officials on 23 February 2021. More materials on the topic can be found at http://oe.cd/mmkts.
This presentation was uploaded with the author’s consent
This presentation by EU DG COMP was made during the discussion “Market Concentration” held at the 129th meeting of the OECD Competition Committee on 7 June 2018. More papers and presentations on the topic can be found out at oe.cd/2gw.
This presentation by the Austrian Competition Authority was made during Break-out Session 1: Advocacy in the framework of the discussion on “Overcoming adversity and attaining success: Small and developing competition agencies” held at the 16th meeting of the OECD Global Forum on Competition on 8 December 2017. More papers and presentations on the topic can be found out at oe.cd/sda.
This presentation by CUTS’ SG Pradeep S Mehta was made during Break-out Session 2: Enforcement in the framework of the discussion on “Overcoming adversity and attaining success: Small and developing competition agencies” held at the 16th meeting of the OECD Global Forum on Competition on 8 December 2017. More papers and presentations on the topic can be found out at oe.cd/sda.
This presentation by Patricia BASCUNANA-AMBROS, OECD Competition Division, was made during the discussion “Methodologies to Measure Market Competition” held at the 135th meeting of the OECD Competition Committee on 11 June 2021. More papers and presentations on the topic can be found out at oe.cd/mmmc.
This presentation by US Department of Justice, was made during the discussion “Market Concentration” held at the 129th meeting of the OECD Competition Committee on 7 June 2018. More papers and presentations on the topic can be found out at oe.cd/2gw.
This presentation by Chiara Criscuolo, Head of the OECD Productivity and Business Dynamics Division, Directorate of Science, Technology and Innovation, OECD, was made during the discussion “Market Concentration” held at the 129th meeting of the OECD Competition Committee on 7 June 2018. More papers and presentations on the topic can be found out at oe.cd/2gw.
This presentation by Johannes Erlandsson from the Swedish Competition Authority was made during the discussion “Safe harbours and legal presumptions in competition law” held at the 128th meeting of the OECD Competition Committee on 5 December 2017. More papers and presentations on the topic can be found out at oe.cd/21v.
This presentation by Jonathan Baker, Research Professor of Law, American University, Washington College of Law, was made during the discussion “Market Concentration” held at the 129th meeting of the OECD Competition Committee on 7 June 2018. More papers and presentations on the topic can be found out at oe.cd/2gw.
Raportul PricewaterhouseCoopers (PwC) cu tendinte si recomandari referitoare la modul in care companiile isi raporteaza performantele de sustenabilitate
Presentation by Sean Ennis, Senior Economist, OECD Competition Division, at the II Competition and Regulation Forum: “Reaching for market efficiency” which took place in Mexico on 9-10 January 2018. Further information is available at www.oecd.org/gov/regulatory-policy/.
Wharton Undergraduate Healthcare Conference- Merck Revenue Growth PlanKazim Ali
As a team we worked to create a strategic plan to allow Merck to grow its revenue over time. We considered a number of strategic options and completed a situation analysis of the options available. We presented our findings to a panel of judges from Accenture & University of Pennsylvania. This project involved strategic planning, timeline development, financial analysis, and a competitive analysis.
Merck Revenue Growth Plan - Wharton Undergraduate Healthcare ConferenceKishan Soni
The conference revolved around a case competition. The case was to find a new non-pharmaceutical revenue stream for Merck. Our plan consisted of divesting Merck's animal health unit. The money saved from this would then go towards mergers and acquisitions with growing companies in emerging markets such as China, India, and Brazil.
This presentation by Esteban Greco, Director, GAMES Economics, was made during the discussion “The Goals of Competition Policy” held at the 21st meeting of the OECD Global Forum on Competition on 1 December 2022. The session webcast as well as more papers and presentations on the topic can be found out at https://oe.cd/gcp.
This presentation was uploaded with the author’s consent.
This presentation by Joshua D. WRIGHT, University Professor of Law, Antonin Scalia Law School, George Mason University (GMU) and Executive Director, Global Antitrust Institute, Antonin Scalia Law School, GMU, was made during the discussion “Competition Under fire” held at the 18th meeting of the OECD Global Forum on Competition on 5 December 2019. More papers and presentations on the topic can be found at oe.cd/cunf.
This presentation by Jonathan Baker, Research Professor of Law at American University Washington College of Law, was made during the discussion “How can competition contribute to fairer societies?” held during the 17th OECD Global Forum on Competition on 29 November 2018. More documents and presentations on this topic can be found at oe.cd/cfs.
This presentation by Miguel de la Mano, Executive Vice President at Compass Lexicon, was made during the Workshop on market studies selection and prioritisation of sectors and industries held on 9 March 2017 at the OECD Headquarters. More papers and presentations on the topic can be found out at http://www.oecd.org/daf/competition/market-studies-workshop-on-selection-prioritisation-of-sectors-industries.htm
Canada Over The Counter (OTC) Drugs Market Analysis Report 2022 to 2030Insights10
Over the Counter (OTC) drugs market in Canada is very fragmented, and the market size is expected to increase from $13.6 Bn in 2022 to $23.6 Bn in 2030, with a CAGR of 7.1%. The Canada OTC industry analysis by Insights10 recognizes the increasing approval rates and the switch from prescription drugs to OTC drugs as major market drivers. The OTC market in Canada is segmented by category and by distribution channels. Pfizer, GlaxoSmithKline, and Boiron SA are some of the leading players in the OTC market.
Turin Startup Ecosystem 2024 - Ricerca sulle Startup e il Sistema dell'Innov...Quotidiano Piemontese
Turin Startup Ecosystem 2024
Una ricerca de il Club degli Investitori, in collaborazione con ToTeM Torino Tech Map e con il supporto della ESCP Business School e di Growth Capital
where can I find a legit pi merchant onlineDOT TECH
Yes. This is very easy what you need is a recommendation from someone who has successfully traded pi coins before with a merchant.
Who is a pi merchant?
A pi merchant is someone who buys pi network coins and resell them to Investors looking forward to hold thousands of pi coins before the open mainnet.
I will leave the telegram contact of my personal pi merchant to trade with
@Pi_vendor_247
when will pi network coin be available on crypto exchange.DOT TECH
There is no set date for when Pi coins will enter the market.
However, the developers are working hard to get them released as soon as possible.
Once they are available, users will be able to exchange other cryptocurrencies for Pi coins on designated exchanges.
But for now the only way to sell your pi coins is through verified pi vendor.
Here is the telegram contact of my personal pi vendor
@Pi_vendor_247
Seminar: Gender Board Diversity through Ownership NetworksGRAPE
Seminar on gender diversity spillovers through ownership networks at FAME|GRAPE. Presenting novel research. Studies in economics and management using econometrics methods.
What price will pi network be listed on exchangesDOT TECH
The rate at which pi will be listed is practically unknown. But due to speculations surrounding it the predicted rate is tends to be from 30$ — 50$.
So if you are interested in selling your pi network coins at a high rate tho. Or you can't wait till the mainnet launch in 2026. You can easily trade your pi coins with a merchant.
A merchant is someone who buys pi coins from miners and resell them to Investors looking forward to hold massive quantities till mainnet launch.
I will leave the telegram contact of my personal pi vendor to trade with.
@Pi_vendor_247
how can I sell pi coins after successfully completing KYCDOT TECH
Pi coins is not launched yet in any exchange 💱 this means it's not swappable, the current pi displaying on coin market cap is the iou version of pi. And you can learn all about that on my previous post.
RIGHT NOW THE ONLY WAY you can sell pi coins is through verified pi merchants. A pi merchant is someone who buys pi coins and resell them to exchanges and crypto whales. Looking forward to hold massive quantities of pi coins before the mainnet launch.
This is because pi network is not doing any pre-sale or ico offerings, the only way to get my coins is from buying from miners. So a merchant facilitates the transactions between the miners and these exchanges holding pi.
I and my friends has sold more than 6000 pi coins successfully with this method. I will be happy to share the contact of my personal pi merchant. The one i trade with, if you have your own merchant you can trade with them. For those who are new.
Message: @Pi_vendor_247 on telegram.
I wouldn't advise you selling all percentage of the pi coins. Leave at least a before so its a win win during open mainnet. Have a nice day pioneers ♥️
#kyc #mainnet #picoins #pi #sellpi #piwallet
#pinetwork
How to get verified on Coinbase Account?_.docxBuy bitget
t's important to note that buying verified Coinbase accounts is not recommended and may violate Coinbase's terms of service. Instead of searching to "buy verified Coinbase accounts," follow the proper steps to verify your own account to ensure compliance and security.
US Economic Outlook - Being Decided - M Capital Group August 2021.pdfpchutichetpong
The U.S. economy is continuing its impressive recovery from the COVID-19 pandemic and not slowing down despite re-occurring bumps. The U.S. savings rate reached its highest ever recorded level at 34% in April 2020 and Americans seem ready to spend. The sectors that had been hurt the most by the pandemic specifically reduced consumer spending, like retail, leisure, hospitality, and travel, are now experiencing massive growth in revenue and job openings.
Could this growth lead to a “Roaring Twenties”? As quickly as the U.S. economy contracted, experiencing a 9.1% drop in economic output relative to the business cycle in Q2 2020, the largest in recorded history, it has rebounded beyond expectations. This surprising growth seems to be fueled by the U.S. government’s aggressive fiscal and monetary policies, and an increase in consumer spending as mobility restrictions are lifted. Unemployment rates between June 2020 and June 2021 decreased by 5.2%, while the demand for labor is increasing, coupled with increasing wages to incentivize Americans to rejoin the labor force. Schools and businesses are expected to fully reopen soon. In parallel, vaccination rates across the country and the world continue to rise, with full vaccination rates of 50% and 14.8% respectively.
However, it is not completely smooth sailing from here. According to M Capital Group, the main risks that threaten the continued growth of the U.S. economy are inflation, unsettled trade relations, and another wave of Covid-19 mutations that could shut down the world again. Have we learned from the past year of COVID-19 and adapted our economy accordingly?
“In order for the U.S. economy to continue growing, whether there is another wave or not, the U.S. needs to focus on diversifying supply chains, supporting business investment, and maintaining consumer spending,” says Grace Feeley, a research analyst at M Capital Group.
While the economic indicators are positive, the risks are coming closer to manifesting and threatening such growth. The new variants spreading throughout the world, Delta, Lambda, and Gamma, are vaccine-resistant and muddy the predictions made about the economy and health of the country. These variants bring back the feeling of uncertainty that has wreaked havoc not only on the stock market but the mindset of people around the world. MCG provides unique insight on how to mitigate these risks to possibly ensure a bright economic future.
The European Unemployment Puzzle: implications from population agingGRAPE
We study the link between the evolving age structure of the working population and unemployment. We build a large new Keynesian OLG model with a realistic age structure, labor market frictions, sticky prices, and aggregate shocks. Once calibrated to the European economy, we quantify the extent to which demographic changes over the last three decades have contributed to the decline of the unemployment rate. Our findings yield important implications for the future evolution of unemployment given the anticipated further aging of the working population in Europe. We also quantify the implications for optimal monetary policy: lowering inflation volatility becomes less costly in terms of GDP and unemployment volatility, which hints that optimal monetary policy may be more hawkish in an aging society. Finally, our results also propose a partial reversal of the European-US unemployment puzzle due to the fact that the share of young workers is expected to remain robust in the US.
1. Elemental Economics - Introduction to mining.pdfNeal Brewster
After this first you should: Understand the nature of mining; have an awareness of the industry’s boundaries, corporate structure and size; appreciation the complex motivations and objectives of the industries’ various participants; know how mineral reserves are defined and estimated, and how they evolve over time.
how to swap pi coins to foreign currency withdrawable.DOT TECH
As of my last update, Pi is still in the testing phase and is not tradable on any exchanges.
However, Pi Network has announced plans to launch its Testnet and Mainnet in the future, which may include listing Pi on exchanges.
The current method for selling pi coins involves exchanging them with a pi vendor who purchases pi coins for investment reasons.
If you want to sell your pi coins, reach out to a pi vendor and sell them to anyone looking to sell pi coins from any country around the globe.
Below is the contact information for my personal pi vendor.
Telegram: @Pi_vendor_247
How Does CRISIL Evaluate Lenders in India for Credit RatingsShaheen Kumar
CRISIL evaluates lenders in India by analyzing financial performance, loan portfolio quality, risk management practices, capital adequacy, market position, and adherence to regulatory requirements. This comprehensive assessment ensures a thorough evaluation of creditworthiness and financial strength. Each criterion is meticulously examined to provide credible and reliable ratings.
2. On market concentration
2
• Recent discussion points towards increased market concentration since 1980s.
• Market concentration is a cause of concern about reduced competition.
Certain concerns on validity of claims:
Measurement inaccuracies
Census data is too aggregated to measure relevant markets
Unclear link between increased concentration and reduced competition
Big is not necessarily bad
3. Market power in Mexican markets
3
Aradillas (2017) analyzes 12 markets and finds:
§ Exercise of market power and overprices in 10 of them
§ Income expenditure in these markets: 2/3 for average household
Overprice Paid by Consumers due to Market Power
4. 4
Effects of market power in Mexican households
Welfare loss due to market power:
§ 16% of expenditure of average household
§ 31% for lowest income households
§ 4.4 times higher for decile I than decile X
TIMESWITHRESPECTTODECILEX
INCOME DECILE
ESTIMATED:
WITH MARKET
POWER
COUNTERFACTUAL:
NO MARKET
POWER
GINICOEFFICIENT
5. Why is Mexico a country with highly concentrated markets?
5
Lack of antitrust enforcement Regulation-priviledge vicious
circle
M&As
ANTICOMPETITIVE
CONDUCTS
6. Recent perception on enforcement efforts
6
Simultaneous investigations
(Cases)
Fines imposed by COFECE
(millions of pesos)
COFECE’s GCR star rating Competition Policy Effectiveness Index, Mexico
(Global Competitiveness Index, WEF)
Ascendent trajectory
8. Transversal proposals to increase competition
8
1 Decree by the Federal Executive identifying and eliminating competition restrictions
established by federal administrative regulations in relevant sectors.
2 Decree by the Federal Executive requiring that all amendments to federal laws be
subject to a competition analysis.
3 Decree by the Federal Executive to allow COFECE to execute a public review of high
impact public procurement procedures to ensure competition.
4 Budgetary incentives for the Mexican states that manage to build bottleneck
infrastructure and strengthens regulatory pro-competitive frameworks.
5 Grant COFECE the power to lodge an appeal against federal and local laws which are
contrary to the constitutional guarantee of free market access and competition.
9. Proposals to increase competition in certain markets
9
Financial
Commitment to issue pro-
competitive secondary
regulation for the Fintech Law.
Gasoline
Convene a high level
working group to solve all
bottlenecks that hinder the
development of
competition in the gasoline
and diesel retail markets.
Medicines
Reform the linkage between
patents and the process of
sanitary authorization to
foster entry of generic
medicines in the Mexican
market. Agri-food
Consolidate a single
national agri-food product
market by eliminating
transit bonds, phytosanitary
red tape duplicity and
interstate sanitary barriers.