This document defines and provides examples of different types of landforms formed by various geological processes. It discusses aeolian forms like dunes, loess, and mushroom rocks shaped by wind; erosional landforms such as mesas, buttes, and canyons formed by erosion; mountainous landforms including volcanoes, hills, and valleys; glacial landforms resulting from glacier activity; fluvial landforms near rivers like deltas, meanders and coastal landforms such as sea cliffs, peninsulas and plains.

2. GEOMORPHOLOGY
• Is the scientific study of landforms and
the processes that shape them.
TOPOGRAPHY
• The study of the current terrain
features of a region and graphic
representation.
LANDFORMS
• Natural physical features of Earth.

3. AEOLIAN FORMS
Are formed by the chemical and
mechanical action of wind.
The word is derived from the Greek
God of winds, Aeolus.
Examples are Dunes, Loess, and
Mushroom Rocks.

4. DUNES
Are mounds or small hills made up of
sand.
They maybe shaped in a dome,
crescent, star, linear, or parabolic.

5. DUNES

6. LOESS
Predominantly silt-sized sediment
formed by the accumulation of
windblown dust.
It appears yellowish or brownish in color
and exhibits “cat steps”.

7. LOESS

8. MUSHROOM ROCK
Also called rock pedestal, is a naturally
occurring rock that resembles the shape
of mushroom.

9. MUSHROOM ROCK

10. EROSIONAL LANDFORMS
Are created from exclusively erosional
and weathering activities.
Examples are mesas, buttes, and
canyons.

11. MESAS
Also called as table mountains, mesas
are elevated areas of land with a flat top
and sides that are usually steep cliffs.

12. MESAS

13. BUTTES
This type is almost similar to mesas as
it has flat-topped hill and steep sides.
The difference is that buttes cover a
smaller amount of area when compared
to mesas.

14. BUTTES

15. CANYONS
Sometimes called as gorge, is a deep
ravine between cliffs that is often carved
from the landscape by a river, wind, or
glacier.

16. CANYONS

17. MOUNTAINOUS and
GLACIAL LANDFORMS
MOUNTAINOUS LANDFORMS
Are those landforms that rise higher
than the rest of their surroundings.

18. VOLCANOES
Are landforms that are controlled by
geological processes that form them
and continually act on them after their
formation.
Identified from its opening at the top
called, vent.

19. VOLCANOES

20. HILLS
Are elevated portions of land that are
formed by geologic activities such as
faulting.
They are smaller than mountains.

21. HILLS

22. VALLEY
Or dale is a low-lying area of land
situated between hills or mountains.
They are usually formed by the actions
of rivers and glaciers.
Could be V-shaped or U-shaped.

23. VALLEY

24. VALLEY

25. GLACIAL LANDFORMS
Are the results of the actions of the
glaciers.
Glaciers- are huge slow-moving bodies
of ice.

26. GLACIAL LANDFORMS

27. FLUVIAL LANDFORMS and
COASTAL LANDFORMS
Fluvial landforms are those that
underwent sedimentation, erosion, or
deposition on the river bed.

28. DELTA
A low-lying triangular area located at
the mouth of rivers where it meets an
ocean, sea, or an estuary.

29. DELTA

30. PENINSULA
Also called byland or biland, a piece of
land that projects into a body of water
and is connected with the mainland by
an isthmus.

31. PENINSULA

32. MEANDER
Is a bend in a sinuous watercourse of
river.
It is formed when moving water in
stream erodes the out banks then
widens its valley.

33. MEANDER

34. SEA CLIFFS
Are high rocky coasts that plunge down
to the edge of the sea.
They are the results of erosional actions
of wind and water.

35. SEA CLIFFS

36. PLAINS
Are flat and broad land areas that have
no great changes in elevation when
measured with reference to the sea
level.

37. PLAINS

38. PLATEAUS
Also known as table lands or flat-topped
mountains, are portions of land elevated
thousands of feet above their
surroundings.

39. PLATEAUS