Problems of Baltic sea
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The document summarizes several problems affecting the Baltic Sea, including excessive pollution since the 1960s that has damaged the health of the sea. Main issues are eutrophication from increasing nutrient loads, bioaccumulation of harmful substances, and risks from maritime transport and potential spills. The Gulf of Finland suffers the highest nutrient levels despite reductions, and long water residence times allow harmful compounds to accumulate in flora and fauna. Passenger ferry traffic across the Gulf of Finland has greatly increased.
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The document discusses biogeochemical and environmental drivers of coastal hypoxia in the Baltic Sea. It analyzes long-term trends in dissolved oxygen levels and factors influencing hypoxia at 33 coastal sites over multiple decades. Nutrient levels, temperature, stratification, and chlorophyll-a varied significantly between sites and impacted bottom water oxygen concentrations. While some sites showed improving oxygen trends following nutrient reductions, most sites continued worsening due to eutrophication despite remediation efforts. Managing nutrient inputs was identified as key to enabling oxygen recovery in coastal ecosystems.
Marine-Pollution-PPT.pptx
This document discusses various types of marine pollution including land-based sources, oil spills, sewage, heavy metals, plastics, and noise. It outlines impacts such as damage to marine life from ingesting oil or becoming entangled in plastic. Specific examples of polluted areas are given like the New River in California. Sources of pollution include direct discharge, surface runoff, atmospheric deposition, shipping, and deep sea mining. Mitigation requires efforts to reduce pollution at the source, better waste management, and protection of sensitive coastal and marine habitats.
Marine pollution ppt
This document discusses various types of marine pollution including land-based sources, oil spills, sewage, heavy metals, plastics, and noise. It outlines the impacts on marine life such as poisoning, damage to organs, and disrupted communication. Specific examples of polluted areas are provided like the New River in California. The sources of pollution include direct discharge, surface runoff, atmospheric deposition, ship pollution, and deep sea mining. Mitigation requires reducing pollution inputs, better waste management, and protection of sensitive coastal and marine habitats.
Policy options for arfctic environment governance shipping
Increased shipping in the Arctic is being driven by natural resource development, tourism, and scientific research. Sea ice is declining rapidly and new shipping routes are opening up, but Arctic infrastructure and governance have not kept pace. Key policy options to improve Arctic shipping governance and safety include strengthening existing voluntary Arctic shipping guidelines at the IMO, implementing the recommendations of the Arctic Council's Arctic Marine Shipping Assessment, improving Arctic search and rescue capabilities, and expanding infrastructure and environmental monitoring in the Arctic.
UNIT 05 Marine-Pollution-PPT.pptx
Marine pollution comes from a variety of sources including land-based runoff, oil spills, sewage, heavy metals, and plastics. There are five main types of pollution inputs: direct discharge, runoff, ship pollution, atmospheric deposition, and deep sea mining. Ship pollution includes oil spills and cargo residues while atmospheric pollution includes dust and plastic debris. Deep sea mining disturbs habitats and causes plumes of sediment. Human impacts like eutrophication, acidification, plastic debris, and other toxins threaten marine life. Noise pollution from ships also affects animals, and mitigation requires education and pollution reduction efforts.
Marine pollution
This document discusses various types of marine pollution including land-based sources of pollution, oil spills, untreated sewage, heavy metals, marine debris, and more. It notes that over 70% of tropical and temperate coasts were heavily impacted by human development by 2002, and this may rise to 90% by 2032. Pollution affects marine life through poisoning, damage to organs and immune systems, and noise pollution disrupts wildlife communication. Specific examples of pollution are provided from rivers and mining. Ways pollution enters oceans include direct discharge, surface runoff, ship pollution, atmospheric deposition, and deep sea mining. The health impacts on marine life and ways to mitigate pollution through reduced human impacts and protecting marine life from oil
Arctic
The Arctic region lies within the Arctic Circle and includes parts of 8 countries. It has a very cold climate, with average January temperatures of -35°C. The indigenous Inuit people have lived in the area for over 9,000 years, traditionally hunting and fishing, but many now work in oil fields. The Arctic ice is melting rapidly due to climate change, with a loss of 14% of permanent sea ice from 2004-2005. As ice melts, it is replaced by darker water that absorbs more solar radiation, causing a feedback loop of more melting. By 2100, 50-60% of Arctic ice may be gone, and by 2700 it could all be melted. This endangers marine species and indigenous communities
Problems of the Baltic Sea
The Baltic Sea faces several environmental problems, including overfishing, eutrophication, climate change, shipping accidents, littering, and chemical pollution. Overfishing has reduced fish stocks, especially cod, affecting the marine ecosystem. Eutrophication from agriculture, traffic, and forestry runoff has increased nutrients in the sea, causing algal blooms, low oxygen levels, and declining fish populations. Climate change is raising temperatures and altering salt concentrations in the Baltic Sea, which could further reduce fish stocks. Shipping accidents and oil spills also endanger the marine environment. Litter pollution harms local wildlife. Chemical pollution from medicines, industry, and heavy metals poses health risks if not addressed. Solutions include restricting fishing
The Negative Impact of Aral Sea Construction on the Health of the Population
The Aral Sea was once one of the largest terminal lakes in Central Asia. His last drying led to the drying up of his two tributaries of the river due to the erosion in the 1960s. Lake levels decreased by 23 metres high , the area decreased by 74 , the volume decreased by 90 , and salinity increased from 10 to 100 g l, all this led to negative environmental changes, including a decrease in water species, the emergence of dust salt. storms, degradation of delta biomes, climate change around its former coasts and serious health and economic impacts on the local population. Restoration and preservation of the remains of the deltas and two tributaries - Sirdarya and Amudarya is very important not only for their ecological and economic importance, but also for the health and well being of the surrounding population. Berdoq Alimova Uldaulet "The Negative Impact of Aral Sea Construction on the Health of the Population" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-6 | Issue-2 , February 2022, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd49274.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/other-scientific-research-area/other/49274/the-negative-impact-of-aral-sea-construction-on-the-health-of-the-population/berdoq-alimova-uldaulet
Evt global warming
Global warming is causing sea levels to rise through ocean expansion due to higher temperatures, melting glaciers and ice sheets, and changes to terrestrial water storage. Vietnam is highly vulnerable to sea level rise due to its long coastline and location of populated river deltas. A 1 meter rise in sea levels could impact over half of Vietnam's population and cause land loss and population displacement. Low-lying areas like the Xuan Thuy National Park are also at high risk of complete inundation from rising oceans. Human activities that produce greenhouse gases and destroy carbon-absorbing forests are accelerating global warming and sea level rise, threatening coastal communities and ecosystems.
Polish team cosequences of melting
Global warming is causing glaciers to melt at increasing rates, which will have serious consequences. Rising sea levels threaten to flood coastal areas and create millions of climate refugees over the coming centuries. Additionally, melting glaciers will deplete freshwater sources for nearly a sixth of the world's population. To prevent further melting, nations must work to reduce carbon dioxide emissions from fuel combustion.
Eutrophication
Eutrophication is a process where excessive nutrients enter an ecosystem, usually due to human activities like agricultural runoff and sewage. This causes algal blooms that reduce water quality, kill fish, and harm biodiversity. The main sources of excess nutrients are point sources like wastewater pipes and nonpoint sources like agricultural and urban runoff. Prevention requires reducing nutrient inputs from these sources through regulations, riparian buffer zones, and policies that curb fertilizer and livestock waste runoff into waterways. Cleanup has been partially successful through phosphorus removal, but reducing nonpoint pollution remains a challenge.
The baltic sea prezentacja końcowa
The Baltic Sea is a brackish sea located between Scandinavia, Northern and Eastern Europe. It is connected to the North Sea and Atlantic Ocean via Danish straits. Nine countries border the Baltic Sea, including Poland which has several coastal cities and national parks along its coastline. The Baltic Sea supports a variety of marine life but faces pollution challenges. Amber washed ashore on Baltic beaches is an iconic symbol of the Polish coast.
MAB-IHP Regional Symposium: Managing Water Resources in Biosphere Reserves in...
MAB-IHP Regional Symposium: Managing Water Resources in Biosphere Reserves in...UNESCO Venice Office
Ljupka D. Zajkov, Ohrid ‑ Prespa Bioshpere Reserve, UNESCO's MAB Programme, North Macedonia
Venice, 16-17 December 2021
Overall responsibility for the views and opinions expressed in the slides is taken by the authorsSimilar to Problems of Baltic sea (20)
Policy options for arfctic environment governance shipping
Policy options for arfctic environment governance shipping
The Negative Impact of Aral Sea Construction on the Health of the Population
The Negative Impact of Aral Sea Construction on the Health of the Population
MAB-IHP Regional Symposium: Managing Water Resources in Biosphere Reserves in...
MAB-IHP Regional Symposium: Managing Water Resources in Biosphere Reserves in...
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The document summarizes Svetlana Dotsenko's experience as the ICT Manager of Lasnamae Gymnasium in Estonia working with the InGenious program. Some key points:
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Baltic sea
The Baltic Sea is located in Northern Europe between Denmark, Sweden, Finland, Russia, Germany, Lithuania, Latvia, Estonia and Poland. It has a surface area of 377,000 km2 and volume of 20,000 km3, making it much smaller and shallower than ocean water. The salinity of the Baltic Sea is also much lower, ranging from 6-15% compared to the average ocean salinity of 35%. The Baltic Sea is home to both marine species such as cod, herring and flounder, as well as freshwater species like perch and whitefish.
Estonian famous composers
The document summarizes several famous Estonian composers from the late 19th and 20th centuries, including Rudolf Tobias, who was the first Estonian to receive a professional musical education and wrote the country's first instrumental works; Artur Kapp, one of the first professional Estonian composers who studied at the St. Petersburg Conservatory; Gustav Ernesaks, a composer and choir conductor who played a key role in Estonia's Singing Revolution; Veljo Tormis, regarded as one of the greatest living choral composers who based many of his over 500 choral works on traditional Estonian folk songs; and Arvo Pärt, a classical composer known for his minimalist style who pioneered a
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Estonian Traditional Musical Instruments
Estonian traditional musical instruments can be categorized into instruments created and evolved by the local people (traditional instruments), and those introduced from elsewhere (popular instruments). Traditional instruments include the kannel (zither) and bagpipe, while popular instruments that entered folk tradition include the violin and accordion. The bagpipe was widely used as it could be played year-round, while the fiddle later replaced it as a more suitable accompaniment to newer dances. Other traditional instrument types included stringed, bellows, and percussion instruments.
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The document provides a historical overview of buildings and structures located along Pärnu highway in Tallinn, Estonia. It describes the Jaani Church built in 1862, the Scandic Palace Hotel constructed in 1937, and the English College formerly known as the Female Commercial School built in 1916. Additionally, it mentions the Estonian Drama Theatre built in 1910, the Opera Theatre and concert hall "Estonia" constructed in 1913, and the Revel bank building from 1912 with its three-level interior courtyard.
Estonian Bands
This document provides information on three Estonian bands: Smilers, Tanel Padar & The Sun, and Vanilla Ninja. Smilers is a rock band formed in 1991 that has won several awards including Best Artist of the Year twice and a Golden Disc for Song of the Year. They are one of the most successful bands in Estonia. Tanel Padar & The Sun has performed as support for international artists like Metallica and Aerosmith. Vanilla Ninja is Estonia's most successful pop-rock group formed in 2002 known for their hit "Tough Enough" that reached #13 on the German singles chart.
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Music has long played an important role in Estonian history and culture. Several historic buildings and sites in Tallinn serve as performance venues, including churches like Niguliste Church and Dome Church, known for their excellent acoustics. The Estonian Academy of Music was also established in 1919 to help preserve and develop Estonian music. Tallinn's Old Town and Raekoja Square are popular sites for cultural events and concerts throughout the year.
Gamelan
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Modern musicians, India
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Indian folk music
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One day in Tallinn
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- 1. Problems of Baltic sea Lasnamae Gymnasium, Estonia 2012
- 2. The health of the Baltic Sea has been seriously damaged since the 1960s due to excessive pollution from the countries in its catchment area. The pollution, such as untreated human waste, toxic materials, and metal (e.g. lead), have resulted in stratification of the Baltic Sea. http://www1.american.edu/TED/baltic.htm
- 3. The main problem areas in the Baltic Sea are: eutrophication caused by increasing nutrient loads, bioaccumulation of harmful substances, increased maritime transport and a subsequent risk of more chemical or oil spills, and the spreading of invasive (i.e. alien) species.
- 4. Eutrophication in the Baltic Sea The availability of nutrients, mainly nitrogen and phosphorus, is one of the primary factors limiting the growth of aquatic plants and algae. When excess nutrients end up in a water body the abundance and species composition of algae and aquatic plants changes. This is called eutrophication.
- 5. Total nutrient load into the Baltic Sea 1994-2003
- 6. The Gulf of Finland suffers from the highest nutrient levels in the Baltic Sea, even though the nutrient load was decreased by 40 per cent during the 1990s. The decrease was the result of successful load reductions in Estonia and the recession that followed the structural changes in the Russian economy.
- 7. Harmful substances in the Baltic Sea The high population in the countries around the Baltic Sea and activities such as agriculture and industry result in heavy loading of harmful substances into the Baltic. Because of the long residence time of the water and unfavourable conditions for decomposition, like the cold climate and the winter ice cover, harmful compounds tend to accumulate in the flora and fauna.
- 8. Maritime transport on the Baltic Sea The passenger ferry traffic from Helsinki to Tallinn has increased substantially. This passenger traffic crosses the Gulf of Finland's main transportation route. In 2007, over 5.8 million passengers travelled to Tallinn, Estonia, via the port of Helsinki. The Baltic Sea countries have agreed on measures to improve maritime safety, and thus the number of accidents has not risen.
- 9. http://www.ymparisto.fi/default.asp? node=18328&lan=en