Estonian traditional musical instruments can be categorized into instruments created and evolved by the local people (traditional instruments), and those introduced from elsewhere (popular instruments). Traditional instruments include the kannel (zither) and bagpipe, while popular instruments that entered folk tradition include the violin and accordion. The bagpipe was widely used as it could be played year-round, while the fiddle later replaced it as a more suitable accompaniment to newer dances. Other traditional instrument types included stringed, bellows, and percussion instruments.

1. ESTONIAN TRADITIONAL MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS Lasnamae High School, Estonia 2009

2. ESTONIAN TRADITIONAL MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS Estonian ethnomusicologist Herbert Tampere (1909-1975) categorised musical instruments according to their function into two main groups:

3. ESTONIAN TRADITIONAL MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS 1) traditional instruments - instruments created by the folk, and instruments of professional origin that people use traditionally while developing them spontaneously (e.g. kannel , bagpipe, mouth harp); 2) popular instruments - instruments of professional music that have entered folk tradition, that is factory productions not evolved the people (e.g. violin, quitar).

4. ESTONIAN TRADITIONAL MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS Categories of instruments used in Estonian traditional music: wind instruments stringed instruments bellows instruments percussion instruments

5. Wind instruments : Bagpipe ( torupill ) Bagpipe ( torupill ). Bagpipe was basically the only wind instrument available the whole year round. This instrument spread in Estonia probably already in the 14th century. The first written records date from the 16th century. Bagpipe has a windbag and pipes.

6. Stringed instruments: Kannel (zither) Kannel is the oldest known instrument in Estonia. It is believed to have been around for about two thousand years. Such an instrument is common to cultures of the Baltic Finns, the Balts and the northwestern Russians.

7. Fiddle ( viiul ) Violin reached Estonian towns in the 17th century. In the 18th century fiddle music spread also among peasants. In the 19th century fiddle began to replace bagpipe playing, because it was more suitable to accompany the more recent dances (quadrille, polka, schottische, gallop, polka mazurka, waltz, etc.).

8. Bellows instruments: accordion First accordions reached Estonia quickly through sailors and merchants. The early instruments had a single, and later ones a double row of buttons. Soon local masters began to make these instruments, the most famous among them was August Teppo (1875-1959) of Võrumaa.

9. Concertina

10. Used links http://www.rahvamuusika.ee/ www.musicwithease.com/ concertina - pictures http://www.fotosearch.com/photos-images/concertina.html