Probability, Mendel, and Genetics Powerpoint
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The document summarizes key concepts from Gregor Mendel's experiments with pea plants including: - Mendel studied traits like plant height, seed shape and color in pea plants which existed in distinct forms (tall vs short, round vs wrinkled seeds) - He performed controlled crosses between purebred (homozygous) pea plants and found that some traits were dominant over others in the offspring - Mendel developed the concepts of dominant and recessive alleles and used Punnett squares to predict the probabilities of traits being expressed in offspring
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Gregor Mendel conducted experiments with pea plants in the mid-1800s that established the foundations of genetics. Through his work, he discovered the laws of inheritance: dominance, segregation, and independent assortment. Mendel showed that traits are passed from parents to offspring through discrete units (now known as genes) that segregate and assort independently during reproduction. His work was the beginning of modern genetics and our understanding of heredity.
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Gregor Mendel conducted experiments breeding pea plants starting in 1854. He discovered that traits are inherited as discrete units (now called genes) that are passed unchanged from parents to offspring. Through his experiments with monohybrid and dihybrid crosses, Mendel deduced his two laws of inheritance: 1) The Law of Segregation states that alleles segregate and sort independently into gametes, and 2) The Law of Independent Assortment states that genes assort independently of one another when gametes are formed.
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1. Mendel conducted breeding experiments with pea plants to study inheritance of traits such as flower color.
2. Through his experiments, he discovered that traits are inherited as discrete units (genes) which segregate and assort independently during reproduction according to his laws of inheritance.
3. Mendel's work laid the foundations of classical genetics although it was not widely recognized until rediscovered later.
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This slide will be useful for the students to learn about Mendel's Monohybrid cross in simple way. Please leave your comments. Thanks for viewing.
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- Some traits are encoded by cytoplasmic or mitochondrial genes inherited from the egg. Examples include chloroplasts and mitochondria.
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IF YOU ARE GOING TO DOWNLOAD THIS FILE, PLEASE NOTIFY me by sending a message via Facebook.
It's a pleasure to help you through my presentation. Thank you so much!
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Gregor Mendel was an Austrian monk who experimented with pea plants in the mid-19th century and is considered the father of genetics. Through his experiments crossing thousands of pea plants, he discovered the basic principles of heredity, including dominance, segregation, and independent assortment. His work showed that traits are passed from parents to offspring through discrete units (now known as genes) that can be dominant or recessive.
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This document discusses several examples of traits that are controlled by multiple alleles rather than just two alleles. It describes human blood types which are controlled by the A, B, and O alleles. Coat color in rabbits is another example, with agouti, chinchilla, himalayan, and albino colors each denoting specific alleles. Sex-linked traits like hemophilia and color blindness are discussed along with examples of inheritance patterns and genetic crosses. Baldness is presented as a sex-influenced trait where the bald allele behaves dominantly in males due to higher testosterone levels.
Incomplete dominance
Incomplete dominance is a type of inheritance where neither allele for a trait is dominant. When hybridizing two purebred parents with different alleles, the offspring express a combined intermediate phenotype rather than one or the other parental phenotype. For example, when crossing a red flower with a white flower, the hybrid offspring are pink instead of red or white. A cross between red and blue flowers produces purple offspring rather than red or blue.
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Incomplete dominance results in a blending of the dominant and recessive alleles such that the phenotype is intermediate between the two pure phenotypes. Codominance results in both alleles being fully expressed together in the heterozygote such that the phenotype shows a combination of both. Examples include snapdragons that are pink when heterozygous for red and white alleles under incomplete dominance, and human blood types that are type AB when heterozygous for the A and B alleles under codominance.
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Genetics is the study of genes and heredity. Gregor Mendel conducted experiments with pea plants in the mid-1800s and is considered the father of genetics. Through his experiments, he discovered the basic principles of inheritance, including dominant and recessive traits, alleles, and the particulate nature of inheritance. Mendel's work laid the foundation for modern genetics and our understanding of how traits are passed from parents to offspring.
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3. Mendel's work laid the foundations of classical genetics although it was not widely recognized until rediscovered later.
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Mendel conducted experiments with pea plants, observing seven characteristics with distinct variations. He cross-pollinated purebred plants with different characteristics, such as green and yellow pod plants. The resulting F1 generation always expressed one characteristic, such as green pods. When self-pollinating the F1 plants, the F2 generation expressed characteristics in predictable ratios, such as 3 green pods to 1 yellow pod. This supported Mendel's theory that inherited characteristics are determined by discrete units (genes and alleles) that segregate and are transmitted from parents to offspring.
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- Sex-influenced traits are determined by autosomal genes but expressed differently in males and females, with higher penetrance in one sex. Examples include beards in goats.
- Sex-limited traits are encoded by autosomal genes but only expressed in one sex, with zero penetrance in the other sex, like cock feathering in chickens.
- Some traits are encoded by cytoplasmic or mitochondrial genes inherited from the egg. Examples include chloroplasts and mitochondria.
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This document provides an overview of Mendelian genetics principles including:
- Mendel studied trait transmission in pea plants and described foundational genetic principles.
- A monohybrid cross between tall and dwarf pea plants resulted in only tall offspring in the F1 generation but a 3:1 ratio of tall to dwarf in the F2 generation.
- Mendel proposed that traits are inherited as discrete units (genes) that assort independently during gamete formation, with one trait masked by the dominance of another.
10.2 mendelian genetics
Gregor Mendel conducted the first scientific studies of heredity by breeding pea plants. He found that traits are transmitted from parents to offspring through discrete units called alleles. Through his experiments with monohybrid and dihybrid crosses, Mendel established the laws of segregation, dominance, and independent assortment. These laws describe the basic principles of genetic inheritance and provided the foundation for the modern science of genetics.
Principles of inheritance and variation: by- V S Malik
simple and easy way to understant the concept with the help of beautiful and colourful pictures and text
Genetics - Mendelian2.ppt
Gregor Mendel conducted experiments with pea plants in the 1800s that laid the foundations of modern genetics. Through his work with true-breeding pea plants that differed in traits like plant height, seed shape and color, Mendel was able to deduce three principles of heredity: 1) the law of dominance, which states that some gene variants are dominant over others, 2) the law of segregation, which is that genes separate during gamete formation, and 3) the law of independent assortment, meaning that different genes assort independently of each other. Mendel's discoveries helped explain the patterns of inheritance through the concepts of genes, alleles, dominance, and segregation.
Lesson 8 Mendelian inheritance
Gregor Mendel conducted experiments with pea plants in the 1850s and 1860s. Through his experiments, he discovered the basic principles of heredity and inheritance. He found that traits are passed from parents to offspring through discrete units called genes, and that these genes segregate and assort independently during the formation of gametes. Mendel's work established the fundamental laws of inheritance and provided the foundation for the modern science of genetics.
Medels laws
Gregor Mendel conducted early experiments in genetics using pea plants. He discovered two laws of heredity:
1) The Law of Segregation states that alleles for a trait separate during gamete formation so each gamete carries one allele.
2) The Law of Independent Assortment states that each trait assorts independently of other traits during gamete formation.
Through his experiments, Mendel established the foundations of classical genetics and heredible traits being passed from parents to offspring via discrete units now known as genes.
Project_2_plantmonsters_final_SciencePub_revised
1) A science project explores advanced concepts in Mendelian genetics through genetically engineered carnivorous "plantfairies" and their dangerous mutant offspring, "plantmonsters".
2) Students perform dihybrid crosses to identify genotypes of plantfairies and determine which may carry alleles for the plantmonster mutation.
3) The results of the crosses help researchers decide which plantfairies can be safely kept and which may need to be destroyed to prevent the spread of the dangerous mutation.
GENETICS.pptx
1. Gregor Mendel discovered genetics through experiments with pea plants. He found that traits separated and assorted independently during reproduction according to his laws of inheritance.
2. Genes determine traits and exist in different alleles that are passed from parents to offspring. Dominant alleles will be expressed over recessive alleles.
3. Mendel's experiments showed monohybrid and dihybrid inheritance followed predictable ratios through the generations. His work formed the foundations of classical genetics.
Chapter Eleven- Intro to Genetics
1. Gregor Mendel was an Austrian monk who studied inheritance patterns in pea plants and is considered the founder of genetics.
2. He conducted breeding experiments with pea plants involving both self-pollination and cross-pollination to study inherited traits like plant height, seed texture, flower color and more.
3. Through his experiments, Mendel discovered that traits are passed from parents to offspring through discrete units later known as genes, and that some genes are dominant while others are recessive.
Genetics Powerpoint.pptx
Genetics is the study of heredity and genes. Gregor Mendel conducted experiments with pea plants in the 1800s that formed the basis of genetics. Through his work, he discovered the principles of inheritance, including that traits are determined by units now called genes, genes occur in different forms called alleles, dominant alleles mask recessive alleles, and alleles assort independently during gamete formation. Mendel's principles can be used to predict the results of genetic crosses and the inheritance of traits.
Standard grade Inheritance
This document discusses inheritance and genetics through three subtopics: variation, what is inheritance, and genetics and society. It begins by defining what a species is and providing examples of species and their varieties. It then discusses Mendel's experiments with pea plants that discovered the basic principles of heredity and inheritance patterns. The document explains key genetics concepts like genes, alleles, dominant and recessive traits, phenotypes, genotypes, and uses Punnett squares and monohybrid crosses to demonstrate inheritance patterns.
Heredity Notebook Overview
1. Genetics is the study of heredity, or how traits are passed from parents to offspring.
2. Gregor Mendel conducted experiments with pea plants in the mid-1800s and is considered the founder of genetics. He identified basic principles of heredity by tracking different traits in pea plants over multiple generations.
3. Mendel discovered that traits are controlled by factors, now called genes, which are inherited in pairs and can be dominant or recessive. His work formed the basis for understanding patterns of heredity.
Chapter 4. Genetics and Evolution.pptx
Genetics
-. Basic Principles of Mendelian Genetics and Patterns of Inheritance
-Molecular Genetics & Inheritance
-. Protein Synthesis
- Mutations
-. Manipulation of DNA
-. ABO blood groups and Rh Factors
Evolution
- Theories on the origin of life on Earth
-. Theories of Evolution
Genetics (unit 4)
This pdf comprises of Basic of Genetics: Purpose: To convey that “Genetics is to biology what Newton’s
laws are to Physical Sciences”. Mendel’s laws, Concept of segregation and
independent assortment. Concept of allele. Gene mapping, Gene
interaction, Epistasis. Meiosis and Mitosis be taught as a part of
genetics. Emphasis to be give not to the mechanics of cell division nor the
phases but how genetic material passes from parent to offspring. Concepts
of recessiveness and dominance. Concept of mapping of phenotype to
genes. Discuss about the single gene disorders in humans. Discuss the
concept of complementation using human genetics.
NCERT Books Class 12 Biology Chapter 5 Principles of Inheritance
NCERT Books Class 12 Biology Chapter 5
Principles of Inheritance
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Genetics Intro Powerpoint
This document provides an overview of genetics and Gregor Mendel's experiments with pea plants. It summarizes Mendel's work, including that he conducted monohybrid crosses using pea plants with distinct traits like seed shape, color, and size. Through his careful experiments and quantitative analysis, Mendel discovered the laws of inheritance and developed an understanding of dominant and recessive traits. His work laid the foundations for modern genetics although it was not widely recognized until many decades later.
Lecture_13.ppt
This document discusses Mendelian genetics and Gregor Mendel's experiments with pea plants. It covers:
- Mendel conducted experiments with pea plants, studying traits like plant height, seed color, and flower color. He kept extremely detailed records.
- Through his experiments, Mendel discovered principles of heredity including that traits are inherited as discrete units (genes) and that some traits (like height) are dominant over others (like dwarfism).
- When Mendel crossed tall and dwarf pea plants, all offspring were tall. But when he allowed these offspring to self-pollinate, the next generation showed a 3:1 ratio of tall to dwarf plants, demonstrating inheritance of traits.
Inheritance
The document discusses genetics and patterns of inheritance. It defines genetics as the study of heredity and how traits are passed from parents to offspring through mechanisms like meiosis and fertilization. It also defines heredity, variation, and mutation. The document then discusses Gregor Mendel's experiments with pea plants in the 1860s, where he studied inheritance of traits like seed shape, pod shape, and flower color. His experiments led to the formulation of Mendel's laws of inheritance - the law of dominance, the law of segregation, and the law of independent assortment.
MolecularGeneticsUnit4-6.pptx
This document summarizes Gregor Mendel's pioneering work in genetics and heredity. It explains that Mendel conducted breeding experiments with pea plants in the 1860s, which led him to discover the basic principles of heredity. He found that traits are passed from parents to offspring through discrete units (now known as genes) that can be dominant or recessive. The document defines key genetic terms like genotype, phenotype, monohybrid cross, and Punnett square. It provides examples of how to use a Punnett square to predict the possible genotypes and phenotypes of offspring from a genetic cross.
Similar to Probability, Mendel, and Genetics Powerpoint (20)
Principles of inheritance and variation: by- V S Malik
Principles of inheritance and variation: by- V S Malik
NCERT Books Class 12 Biology Chapter 5 Principles of Inheritance
NCERT Books Class 12 Biology Chapter 5 Principles of Inheritance
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Earth has four main interacting systems: the atmosphere, hydrosphere, biosphere, and geosphere. The atmosphere is made up of air and gases that surround the planet. The hydrosphere consists of all water on Earth's surface and underground. The biosphere is made up of all life on Earth and the areas where life exists. The geosphere is the solid part of the planet including land and rocks. These four systems interact through processes like the water cycle and food chains.
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This document appears to be pages from a 5th grade student's journal. It includes sections about the author, their best friend, and their first week of 5th grade. The sections utilize different graphic organizers like bubble maps, double bubble maps, and flow maps to organize and compare information. The journal provides personal details about the author, compares them to their best friend, and chronicles the events of their first week of school through a flow map. It concludes with a page introducing chapter 1 vocabulary terms and providing flash cards to help students memorize definitions they will be tested on.
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Poonam Bharti, a guide of ability and diligence, has been chosen as the champ from Raipur for Mrs. India 2024, Pride of India, from the DK Show. Her journey to this prestigious title is a confirmation of her commitment, difficult work, and multifaceted gifts. At fair 23 a long time ago, Poonam has as of now made noteworthy strides in both her proficient and individual lives, encapsulating the soul of present-day Indian ladies who adjust different parts with beauty and competence. This article dives into Poonam Bharti’s foundation, achievements, and qualities that separated her as a meriting champion of this award.
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Welcome to the world of social media, where Instagram reigns supreme! Today, we're going to explore a fascinating tool called Insanony that lets you watch Instagram Stories secretly. If you've ever wanted to view someone's story without them knowing, this blog is for you. We'll delve into everything you need to know about Insanony with Trending Blogers!
MISS TEEN LUCKNOW 2024 - WINNER ASIYA 2024
In the dynamic city of Lucknow, known for its wealthy social legacy and authentic importance, a youthful star has developed, capturing the hearts of numerous with her elegance, insights, and eagerness. Asiya, as of late delegated as the champ from Lucknow for Miss Youngster India 2024 by the DK Pageant, stands as a confirmation of the monstrous ability and potential dwelling inside the youth of India. This exceptional young lady is a signal of excellence and a paragon of devotion and aspiration.
快速办理(加拿大CBU毕业证书)卡普顿大学毕业证毕业完成信一模一样
学校原件一模一样【微信：741003700 】《(加拿大CBU毕业证书)卡普顿大学毕业证》【微信：741003700 】学位证，留信认证（真实可查，永久存档）原件一模一样纸张工艺/offer、雅思、外壳等材料/诚信可靠,可直接看成品样本，帮您解决无法毕业带来的各种难题！外壳，原版制作，诚信可靠，可直接看成品样本。行业标杆！精益求精，诚心合作，真诚制作！多年品质 ,按需精细制作，24小时接单,全套进口原装设备。十五年致力于帮助留学生解决难题，包您满意。
本公司拥有海外各大学样板无数，能完美还原。
1:1完美还原海外各大学毕业材料上的工艺：水印，阴影底纹，钢印LOGO烫金烫银，LOGO烫金烫银复合重叠。文字图案浮雕、激光镭射、紫外荧光、温感、复印防伪等防伪工艺。材料咨询办理、认证咨询办理请加学历顾问Q/微741003700
【主营项目】
一.毕业证【q微741003700】成绩单、使馆认证、教育部认证、雅思托福成绩单、学生卡等！
二.真实使馆公证(即留学回国人员证明,不成功不收费)
三.真实教育部学历学位认证（教育部存档！教育部留服网站永久可查）
四.办理各国各大学文凭(一对一专业服务,可全程监控跟踪进度)
如果您处于以下几种情况：
◇在校期间，因各种原因未能顺利毕业……拿不到官方毕业证【q/微741003700】
◇面对父母的压力，希望尽快拿到；
◇不清楚认证流程以及材料该如何准备；
◇回国时间很长，忘记办理；
◇回国马上就要找工作，办给用人单位看；
◇企事业单位必须要求办理的
◇需要报考公务员、购买免税车、落转户口
◇申请留学生创业基金
留信网认证的作用:
1:该专业认证可证明留学生真实身份
2:同时对留学生所学专业登记给予评定
3:国家专业人才认证中心颁发入库证书
4:这个认证书并且可以归档倒地方
5:凡事获得留信网入网的信息将会逐步更新到个人身份内，将在公安局网内查询个人身份证信息后，同步读取人才网入库信息
6:个人职称评审加20分
7:个人信誉贷款加10分
8:在国家人才网主办的国家网络招聘大会中纳入资料，供国家高端企业选择人才
Confidence is Key: Fashion for Women Over 50
Unlock your personal style and confidence at 50 and beyond! Our fashion blog provides actionable tips and inspiration on how to improve your dressing sense according to your body type, skin tone, and personal style, ensuring you look and feel amazing.
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原件一模一样【微信：6496090】【塔夫斯大学毕业证Tufts学位证成绩单】【微信：6496090】（留信学历认证永久存档查询）采用学校原版纸张、特殊工艺完全按照原版一比一制作（包括：隐形水印，阴影底纹，钢印LOGO烫金烫银，LOGO烫金烫银复合重叠，文字图案浮雕，激光镭射，紫外荧光，温感，复印防伪）行业标杆！精益求精，诚心合作，真诚制作！多年品质 ,按需精细制作，24小时接单,全套进口原装设备，十五年致力于帮助留学生解决难题，业务范围有加拿大、英国、澳洲、韩国、美国、新加坡，新西兰等学历材料，包您满意。
【业务选择办理准则】
一、工作未确定，回国需先给父母、亲戚朋友看下文凭的情况，办理一份就读学校的毕业证【微信：6496090】文凭即可
二、回国进私企、外企、自己做生意的情况，这些单位是不查询毕业证真伪的，而且国内没有渠道去查询国外文凭的真假，也不需要提供真实教育部认证。鉴于此，办理一份毕业证【微信：6496090】即可
三、进国企，银行，事业单位，考公务员等等，这些单位是必需要提供真实教育部认证的，办理教育部认证所需资料众多且烦琐，所有材料您都必须提供原件，我们凭借丰富的经验，快捷的绿色通道帮您快速整合材料，让您少走弯路。
留信网认证的作用:
1:该专业认证可证明留学生真实身份【微信：6496090】
2:同时对留学生所学专业登记给予评定
3:国家专业人才认证中心颁发入库证书
4:这个认证书并且可以归档倒地方
5:凡事获得留信网入网的信息将会逐步更新到个人身份内，将在公安局网内查询个人身份证信息后，同步读取人才网入库信息
6:个人职称评审加20分
7:个人信誉贷款加10分
8:在国家人才网主办的国家网络招聘大会中纳入资料，供国家高端企业选择人才
→ 【关于价格问题（保证一手价格）
我们所定的价格是非常合理的，而且我们现在做得单子大多数都是代理和回头客户介绍的所以一般现在有新的单子 我给客户的都是第一手的代理价格，因为我想坦诚对待大家 不想跟大家在价格方面浪费时间
对于老客户或者被老客户介绍过来的朋友，我们都会适当给一些优惠。
选择实体注册公司办理，更放心，更安全！我们的承诺：可来公司面谈，可签订合同，会陪同客户一起到教育部认证窗口递交认证材料，客户在教育部官方认证查询网站查询到认证通过结果后付款，不成功不收费！
办理塔夫斯大学毕业证Tufts学位证【微信：6496090 】外观非常精致，由特殊纸质材料制成，上面印有校徽、校名、毕业生姓名、专业等信息。
办理塔夫斯大学毕业证Tufts学位证【微信：6496090 】格式相对统一，各专业都有相应的模板。通常包括以下部分：
校徽：象征着学校的荣誉和传承。
校名:学校英文全称
授予学位：本部分将注明获得的具体学位名称。
毕业生姓名：这是最重要的信息之一，标志着该证书是由特定人员获得的。
颁发日期：这是毕业正式生效的时间，也代表着毕业生学业的结束。
其他信息：根据不同的专业和学位，可能会有一些特定的信息或章节。
办理塔夫斯大学毕业证Tufts学位证【微信：6496090 】价值很高，需要妥善保管。一般来说，应放置在安全、干燥、防潮的地方，避免长时间暴露在阳光下。如需使用，最好使用复印件而不是原件，以免丢失。
综上所述，办理塔夫斯大学毕业证Tufts学位证【微信：6496090 】是证明身份和学历的高价值文件。外观简单庄重，格式统一，包括重要的个人信息和发布日期。对持有人来说，妥善保管是非常重要的。
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Probability, Mendel, and Genetics Powerpoint
- 1. Mendel’s Work Chapter 3 Section 1 Pg 80-85 Gregor Mendel — the father of genetics
- 5. HOW CAN PEA PLANTS REPRODUCE? Self-pollination example
- 7. Self-pollination Pollen located on the stamen moves to pistil of the same plant
- 13. Mendel’s Experiments Mendel cross-pollinated purebred tall plants with purebred short plants and got…. Tall plant (breed) short plants P generation (think “parents”) F 1 generation ?
- 14. Mendel’s Experiments All TALL pea plants in the F 1 generation…. P generation (think “parents”) F 1 generation
- 15. So we could look at it like this too… P generation (cross pollinated) F1 generation (self-pollinated)
- 17. P generation (cross pollinated) F1 generation (self-pollinated) All tall F2 generation ¾ tall and ¼ short
- 22. EXAMPLES recessive dominant Recessive is the green box and dominant is the black box. Each of your parents has a pair of alleles that they can share. If they only give one… answer the following questions. ? ? ? dominant dominant recessive recessive recessive dominant
- 23. EXAMPLES recessive dominant Recessive is the green box and dominant is the black box. Each of your parents has a pair of alleles that they can share. If they only give one… answer the following questions. dominant dominant recessive recessive recessive dominant ? ? ? dominant
- 24. EXAMPLES recessive dominant Recessive is the green box and dominant is the black box. Each of your parents has a pair of alleles that they can share. If they only give one… answer the following questions. dominant dominant recessive recessive recessive dominant ? ? ? dominant dominant
- 25. EXAMPLES recessive dominant Recessive is the green box and dominant is the black box. Each of your parents has a pair of alleles that they can share. If they only give one… answer the following questions. dominant dominant recessive recessive recessive dominant ? ? ? dominant dominant recessive
- 29. Punnett Square .
- 30. 1 st take letters across…. . . . .
- 31. Then take letters down…
- 33. But what does it all mean? Represents 4 possible offspring ; the probability of children’s height.
- 34. Probability and Genetics
- 40. Punnett Square for 2 Hybrid plants to determine height of offspring. What letters should go on the top and to the side? You have to know what hybrid/ heterozygous means.
- 41. Punnett Square for 2 Hybrid plants to determine height of offspring. Right! But… What do we do now?
- 42. Punnett Square for 2 Hybrid plants to determine height of offspring. We put each allele in a spot on the top and left. It doesn’t matter if the t is above or below the T as long as they are both there.
- 43. Punnett Square for 2 Hybrid plants to determine height of offspring. Right! Now you move the alleles over…
- 44. Punnett Square for 2 Hybrid plants to determine height of offspring. Right! Now you move the alleles over…and DOWN!!!
- 46. But what does this square mean? First we have to learn about phenotype and genotypes.
- 48. What are the genotypes present?
- 52. What are the phenotypes present?
- 53. Which ones are tall plants?
- 54. Which ones are tall plants?
- 55. Which ones are short plants?
- 56. Which ones are short plants?
- 59. Yellow (yy) is recessive, Green (YY) is dominant
- 60. Yellow (yy) is recessive, Green (YY) is dominant
- 61. Y is green, y is yellow
- 62. Y is green, y is yellow
- 63. F=feathers; W-white B-black F F F F W W W B
- 64. F=feathers; W-white B-black F F F F F F F F F F F F W W W B W W W W W W W B B
- 65. What color are they? F F F F F F F F F F F F W W W B W W W W W W B B
- 66. R=round, r=wrinkled Y=yellow, y=green