Probability.pptx

1. Probability

2. Definition
• Chance of happening an event/outcome.
• Formula:
• Probability=

3. Value of probability
• Minimum = zero
• Maximum= 1.
• It can never be less than zero or more than 1.

4. Important terms
• Experiment/trial
• Equally likely events: e.g. getting a head or tail in a coin toss
• Not Equally likely events: e.g getting a head in a coin toss and getting no. 2 in a
dice roll.
• Mutually exclusive events: Those event which cant occur together. e.g. probability
of getting head and tail together in a coin toss
• Not mutually exclusive events: Those events which can occur together. E.g.
Getting no. 2 and even number in a dice roll.
• Sample space: Maximum outcomes of any experiment. For e.g. tossing a coin have
2 outcomes- head and tail.
• Rolling a dice has 6 outcomes – 1,2,3,4,5,6.

5. Numerical : we are tossing a coin, what is
probability of getting a head
• Probability=
• P(H)=
• P(T)=

6. What is probability of getting no. “1” , in a
dice throw
• Probability=
• P(1) =
• P(2) =
• P(3) =
• P(4) =
• P(5) =
• P(6) =

7. What is probability of getting even no. and
odd no., in two different dice throw
• Probability=
• P(even no.) =
• P(odd no.) =

8. Today is Monday, what is probability of having
Sunday tomorrow
• Probability=
• Impossible event
• P(having Sunday after monday) = Zero

9. Today is Monday ,Probability of getting
Tuesday tomorrow?
• Probability=
• Sure event
• P(having Tuesday after monday)= 1

10. Rules of probability
Addition rule (OR rule)
• Mutually exclusive
P(A
• Not Mutually exclusive
P(
Multiplication rule (AND rule)
• Independent events
P(
• Dependent events

11. What is the probability of getting Ace or King
in a card taken out from a stack of playing card
• Addition rule (OR rule)
Mutually exclusive
• P(A
• P(A

12. Find out probability of getting heart or spade
in a card taken out from a stack of playing card
• Addition rule (OR rule)
Mutually exclusive
• P(A
• P(A

13. Find out probability of getting queen or black colour
in a card taken out from a stack of playing card
• Not Mutually exclusive
• P(
•
• P(
• P(

14. Find out probability of getting king or heart in a
card taken out from a stack of playing card
• Not Mutually exclusive
• P(
•
• P(
• P(

15. Two coin are tossed, what is probability of
getting head on first and tail on second
• Multiplication rule (AND rule)
• Independent events
• P(
• P(

16. There are 2 packets of playing cards. What is probability
of getting ace from 1st
and king from 2nd
card.
• Multiplication rule (AND rule)
• Independent events
• P(
• P(

17. There is one packet of playing card, we have taken out 2 cards
from it. What is probability of getting ace in 1st
and king in 2nd
.
• Dependent events
•

18. There is one packet of playing card, we have taken out 2 cards
from it. What is probability of getting two ace in 1st
and 2nd
both.
• Dependent events
•

19. A table of 5 students has 3 seniors and 2 juniors. The teacher is going to pick 2
students at random from this group to present homework solutions. What is the
probability that both picked students are juniors?
• Dependent events
•