The document discusses Howard Gardner's theory of multiple intelligences, which posits that there are eight distinct types of intelligence rather than a single general intelligence. It provides descriptions of the eight intelligences identified by Gardner: linguistic, logical-mathematical, spatial, bodily-kinesthetic, musical, interpersonal, intrapersonal, and naturalistic. The document also includes an activity sheet where a student named Brandon Miller ranks his most developed intelligence to least developed and provides examples from his own experiences.

1. Activity Sheet:
Background Information: Understanding Multiple Intelligences*
Howard Gardner, a Harvard professor, did pioneering research in this area. He maintains that measuring
intelligence (IQ) with one number is misleading. It leads us to believe that there is one intelligence.
According to Dr. Gardner, there are actually eight intelligences.t That is, we have eight different abilities
to pick from when solving problems. Unfortunately, many of us have been trained to use only two or
three of these. Just think of what we can do once we tap into as many of the eight intelligences as
possible!
The Eight Intelligences*
Although some of our eight intelligences are more advanced than the others, we have traces of each
intelligence. Some may be highly developed and some a little less developed. Here is Gardner's list (with
clarification in parentheses provided from the work of Thomas Armstrong).
Linguistic intelligence (word smart). You are good with the written word. You can express yourself with
language. Occupations include writer, speaker, lawyer, and teacher.
Logical mathematical intelligence (number smart). You can think abstractly and solve problems.
Logic and order are strengths for you. You understand cause and effect. Manipulation of numbers
comes easily. Occupations include scientist and mathematician.
Spatial intelligence (art smart). You can recreate your world visually. A sound sense of direction is
involved, too. Occupations include sculptor, painter, and anatomy teacher
.
Bodily—kinesthetic intelligence (body smart). You have coordinated control of your own body. There
is a strong sense of learning by movement or action. You can effectively use your hands, fingers, and
arms to make something. Occupations include athlete, actor, and dancer.
Musical intelligence (music smart). You have the ability to use the major components of music
(rhythm or pitch). You can recognize patterns and use them effectively. Occupations include musician
and dancer.
Interpersonal intelligence (people smart). You have an understanding of the mood and motives of
those with whom you associate. If you are to effectively deal with other people you must be skilled in this
intelligence. Occupations include teacher, politician, and salesperson.
Intrapersonal intelligence (me smart). You understand yourself and can apply that knowledge in real-
life situations to produce the best results. You understand what is good for you. You know who you are
and what you can do. You know what to associate with and what to avoid. Occupations include
independent contractor.
Naturalistic intelligence (nature smart). You can understand, explain, and relate to things in the
natural world around you. You have a unique ability to classify and separate items based on
characteristics. Occupations include botanist, zoologist, archaeologist, and environmentalist.
*Rhythms of College Success: A Journey of Discovery Change, and Mastery. Piscitelli, S. Boston, MA: Pearson Education, 2008, 99-100.
tGardner's groundbreaking book is entitled Frames of Mind: The Theory of Multiple Intelligences (1993).
tA ninth intelligence is being investigated—spiritual. This intelligence refers to the ability to connect with nonphysical or metaphysical stimuli. For
our purposes we will look at the first eight.
§Multiple Intelligences in the Classroom. Armstrong, T. Alexandria, VA: Association for Supervision and Curriculum Development, 1994.

2. Activity Sheet:
Prioritize Your Intelligences*
NAME: Brandon Miller
List the intelligences in order from the one intelligence that is most developed in you to
the one that is least developed as they relate to you. Write a brief description how you
have come to believe this. Be specific (perhaps give an example that explains your
ranking).
My most (1st) developed intelligence is: Interpersonal intelligence (people smart).
o My evidence is: I have good people skills and I understand others.
My 2nd most developed intelligence is: Musical intelligence (music smart).
oMy evidence is: I used to make music on my laptop myself.
My 3rd most developed intelligence is: Linguistic intelligence (word smart).
oMy evidence is: I know how to express my self when writing
My 4th most developed intelligence is: Bodily—kinesthetic intelligence (body smart).
oMy evidence is: I know how to physically react to things.
My 5th most developed intelligence is: Naturalistic intelligence (nature smart).
oMy evidence is: I know how to handle myself when it comes to nature and
things around me
My 6th most developed intelligence is: Spatial intelligence (art smart).
oMy evidence is: I am good when it comes to bringing what I think of to life.
My 7th most developed intelligence is: Intrapersonal intelligence (me smart)
oMy evidence is: I always put an effort into what I do so I can succeed in life.
My 8th most developed intelligence is: Logical mathematical intelligence (number
smart).
oMy evidence is : I am very good with math
Finally, what insights can you draw from this activity? I believe I can draw from this is
that I am able to learn what type of skills I have. and how they can come in handy in
everyday life because I now have a better understanding of what they are and what they
mean.

3. *Instructor's manual to accompany Study Skills: Do 1 Really Need This Stuff? 2nd Edition. Piscitelli, S.
Boston, MA: Pearson Education, 2009.