The document discusses strategies for preventing mental, emotional, and behavioral disorders in communities. It describes what a behavioral vaccine is, noting that it is a simple procedure or set of procedures that, when used repeatedly, can reduce problems and increase well-being at a population level. The document then discusses how behavioral vaccines and other evidence-based strategies called kernels can be used by communities, families, schools and other groups to efficiently produce widespread positive changes.
Three Easy Pieces for Maternal and Child Health Policy: MACHs Roundtable 2012 Dennis Embry
Troubles impact the future of our children in the modern world, many of which are traceable to what evolutionary thinkers call—evolutionary mismatch. I am a participant with the Evolution Institute, which says this about mismatch:
Natural selection adapts organisms to their past environments and has no ability to foresee the future. When the environment changes, adaptations to past environments can misfire in the current environment, producing a mismatch that can only be solved by subsequent evolution or by modifying the current environment. Mismatches are an inevitable consequence of evolution in changing environments.
Today, we examples of potential mismatch lurking in a whole range of mental, emotional, behavioral, and related disorders affecting maternal and child health. It this talk, I plan to explore how five simple policies might address mismatch that has created epidemics of autism, fetal alcohol effects, schizophrenia, depression, and other ills. These three policy categories emerge from robust science that challenges our conventional theories about the causes of troubling things like the rise of autism, serious mental illness, or aggressive and violent behavior.
In my experience as a prevention scientist, Manitoba is perhaps the only place in the Western Hemisphere capable of implementing policies and practices that might reverse adverse trends affecting the wellbeing of mothers and children for the future. So let us have a roundtable about three easy pieces for our futures:
1. Policy Goal 1: Reduce multiple sources of neuro-inflammation before pregnancy, during pregnancy and during childhood—using low-cost, scientifically proven evidence-based kernels [1].
2. Policy Goal 2: Recognize, reinforce and reward non-use of tobacco, alcohol & other drugs among women of childbearing age —using low-cost, scientifically proven evidence-based kernels [1].
3. Policy Goal 3: Create public-private partnerships to promote specific nurturing environments actionable strategies for children and their caregivers [2, 3]
References Utilized and Cited
1. Embry DD, Biglan A: Evidence-Based Kernels: Fundamental Units of Behavioral Influence. Clinical Child & Family Psychology Review 2008, 11(3):75-113.
2. Biglan A, Flay BR, Embry DD, Sandler IN: The critical role of nurturing environments for promoting human well-being. American Psychologist 2012, 67(4):257-271.
3. Embry DD: Behavioral Vaccines and Evidence-Based Kernels: Nonpharmaceutical Approaches for the Prevention of Mental, Emotional, and Behavioral Disorders. Psychiatric Clinics of North America 2011, 34(March):1-34.
This ppt presentation discusses about the various models of mental illness. I found it useful to download as it gives a fair idea about various models which are generally not found in books.
In 2011, Denton ISD partnered with the local United Way organization and Ready Rosie to form an Early Childhood Coalition. The goal was to reach all parents and community members with tools that would get all 0-6 year olds ready for success in school. We reached all 10,000 families with MOBILE video content that went straight to their mobile devices. This session will share the data and success of
that coalition plus resources that can work in any community.
SNAP: Finance Lab at the Social Finance Forum 2012Social Finance
Overview presentation on SNAP (Stop Now and Plan) impact investing initiative by Leena Augemieri, Director, Scientific and Program Development, Child Development Institute, Stop Now and Plan (SNAP).
This presentation will raise awareness of the connections between the health of young children and a healthy school environment, with emphasis on the benefits of exposure to the outdoors. It will show how these benefits can be strengthened through collaboration, including the efforts of the No Child Left Inside Coalition.
Creating Strengths-based Messaging for Family SupportJim McKay
Objectives:
- Review changes in messaging about prevention of child abuse and neglect
- Strategic messaging for different audiences
- Share resources from the Children’s Trust Fund Alliance and other national partners
Three Easy Pieces for Maternal and Child Health Policy: MACHs Roundtable 2012 Dennis Embry
Troubles impact the future of our children in the modern world, many of which are traceable to what evolutionary thinkers call—evolutionary mismatch. I am a participant with the Evolution Institute, which says this about mismatch:
Natural selection adapts organisms to their past environments and has no ability to foresee the future. When the environment changes, adaptations to past environments can misfire in the current environment, producing a mismatch that can only be solved by subsequent evolution or by modifying the current environment. Mismatches are an inevitable consequence of evolution in changing environments.
Today, we examples of potential mismatch lurking in a whole range of mental, emotional, behavioral, and related disorders affecting maternal and child health. It this talk, I plan to explore how five simple policies might address mismatch that has created epidemics of autism, fetal alcohol effects, schizophrenia, depression, and other ills. These three policy categories emerge from robust science that challenges our conventional theories about the causes of troubling things like the rise of autism, serious mental illness, or aggressive and violent behavior.
In my experience as a prevention scientist, Manitoba is perhaps the only place in the Western Hemisphere capable of implementing policies and practices that might reverse adverse trends affecting the wellbeing of mothers and children for the future. So let us have a roundtable about three easy pieces for our futures:
1. Policy Goal 1: Reduce multiple sources of neuro-inflammation before pregnancy, during pregnancy and during childhood—using low-cost, scientifically proven evidence-based kernels [1].
2. Policy Goal 2: Recognize, reinforce and reward non-use of tobacco, alcohol & other drugs among women of childbearing age —using low-cost, scientifically proven evidence-based kernels [1].
3. Policy Goal 3: Create public-private partnerships to promote specific nurturing environments actionable strategies for children and their caregivers [2, 3]
References Utilized and Cited
1. Embry DD, Biglan A: Evidence-Based Kernels: Fundamental Units of Behavioral Influence. Clinical Child & Family Psychology Review 2008, 11(3):75-113.
2. Biglan A, Flay BR, Embry DD, Sandler IN: The critical role of nurturing environments for promoting human well-being. American Psychologist 2012, 67(4):257-271.
3. Embry DD: Behavioral Vaccines and Evidence-Based Kernels: Nonpharmaceutical Approaches for the Prevention of Mental, Emotional, and Behavioral Disorders. Psychiatric Clinics of North America 2011, 34(March):1-34.
This ppt presentation discusses about the various models of mental illness. I found it useful to download as it gives a fair idea about various models which are generally not found in books.
In 2011, Denton ISD partnered with the local United Way organization and Ready Rosie to form an Early Childhood Coalition. The goal was to reach all parents and community members with tools that would get all 0-6 year olds ready for success in school. We reached all 10,000 families with MOBILE video content that went straight to their mobile devices. This session will share the data and success of
that coalition plus resources that can work in any community.
SNAP: Finance Lab at the Social Finance Forum 2012Social Finance
Overview presentation on SNAP (Stop Now and Plan) impact investing initiative by Leena Augemieri, Director, Scientific and Program Development, Child Development Institute, Stop Now and Plan (SNAP).
This presentation will raise awareness of the connections between the health of young children and a healthy school environment, with emphasis on the benefits of exposure to the outdoors. It will show how these benefits can be strengthened through collaboration, including the efforts of the No Child Left Inside Coalition.
Creating Strengths-based Messaging for Family SupportJim McKay
Objectives:
- Review changes in messaging about prevention of child abuse and neglect
- Strategic messaging for different audiences
- Share resources from the Children’s Trust Fund Alliance and other national partners
A presentation given by Nick Kowalenko at The Journey, CHA Conference 2012, in the 'Innovations in Mental Health Care for Children and Young People' stream.
Creating an Evidence-Based Approach to Lifespan Suicide PreventionDennis Embry
Keynote: Address:
Humans appear to be the only species on the planet that kill themselves, which is the apparent result of the unique properties of language and the fact that other humans are the principal predator and the principal source of safety in our lives. Last year, three times as many America’s died from suicide as died at the height of the polio epidemic in the 1950s: 36,000 deaths from suicide, versus 3,000 from polio.
A public-health approach across the lifespan is required to reduce this terrible suffering and injury. A public-health campaign is less about the warning signs of suicide than specific actions that disable the “pump handle” to the wells of despair that result in suicidality.
This talk lays out four key principles from a lead article in a special issue of the American Psychologist on prevention, by the presenter and colleagues [1]. These principles arise from the consilience of evolutionary, medical, and behavioral sciences. The principles are not limited to the prevention of suicide; indeed, they principles address prevention of multiple mental, emotional, behavioral, and related physical disorders as outlined by the Institute of Medicine [2].
This talk integrates these principles with low-cost evidence-based kernels [3] and behavioral vaccines [4, 5] that can operate as an integrated public-health model to prevent multiple mental, emotional, behavioral, and related disorders [6]. This talk specifically shows how several apparently simple strategies can be promoted to prevent suicide across the lifespan, illustrated by data and practical mechanisms with rapid results and cost savings for multiple-silos of government and the private sector. The net result is happier, healthier, and productive citizens of all ages.
Breakout #1: Preventing Future Suicide from Pregnancy through Childhood Evidence-based Kernels and Behavioral Vaccines
This breakout expands on the keynote with specific evidence-based kernels and behavioral vaccines, organization and implementation details for low-cost strategies that can avert suicidality 10 to 20 years later cost effectively. One specific strategy that will be covered in greater detail is the Good Behavior Game (which is being widely promoted by in the US and Canada), as the only early elementary school strategy with lifetime scientific data on reducing sucidality [7]. Presently, the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (SAMSHA) is funding 30 sties to do the Good Behavior Game, with 28 of those being supervised by Dr. Embry and his colleagues.
Breakout #2: Preventing Suicide from Adulthood through Senior Years
This breakout explores what science we have that shows pathways for preventing suicide among adults of all ages, beyond signs of suicide. This breakout links the principles from the keynote with evidence-based kernels and behavioral vaccines that can be used in multiple contexts and initiatives. Policies and practices can be scale
Something has been happening in America. More and more young people are showing up with various mental, emotional, and behavioral disorders—based on the 2009 Institute of Medicine Report on the Prevention of Mental, Emotional, and Behavioral Disorders Among Young People. These disorders—from alcohol addiction to other serious mental and behavioral problems—are not just happening in K-12 education: they are fully present in larger numbers on college and university campuses. And, even more importantly, they are now epidemic in our broader society, causing untold damage to the fiscal stability of America, its national security, and global economic competitiveness.
Oddly, it is American institutions of higher learning that have pioneered the world’s best science why and how this epidemic is happening and what can be done to avert the problems. Still more oddly, it is not American institutions of higher learning leading the charge on applying that science—something at odds with the unique heritage of America applying science to better the world. Other rich democracies now lead in applying prevention science for the protection of their future generations.
American Colleges and Universities can become one of the drivers of great carbon revolution, not just a revolution in silicon technology. By a carbon revolution, this means resolving the problems of human behavior that are the largest burdens of social and economic pain and suffering.
In my presentations, I intend to outline how the youthful energies of our young people might be combined with prevention science for population-level prevention and protection against mental, emotional, behavioral and related physical disorders plaguing our futures.
• First, the presentation is aimed at evoking understanding of how these problems have arisen from fundamental evolutionary mismatch—something that my colleagues in the evolutionary sciences have started to map well.
• Second, the presentation gives concrete examples of how prevention science can be scaled to a public-health model to protect our young people and our broader society.
• Third, the presentation outlines how colleges and universities—students, faculty and staff—might have a leadership role in changing the trajectory of these problems rapidly.
• Fourth, the presentation maps how all this can be funded in a politically powerful way, which will in turn strengthen colleges and universities by reducing the huge rise in tuition and other costs that have well outpaced inflation. Indeed, the cost of higher education is now significantly higher in the US proportionately than that of other rich democracies.
I realize that this not a standard presentation about addictions among our college-age youth, decrying the alcohol industry or arguing over the age of drinking or the legalization of marijuana. I believe we must have a much bigger solution, not just for the sake of the young people on our campuses—but for all o
More Related Content
Similar to Preventing Mental, Emotional and Behavioral Disorders Part 2
A presentation given by Nick Kowalenko at The Journey, CHA Conference 2012, in the 'Innovations in Mental Health Care for Children and Young People' stream.
Creating an Evidence-Based Approach to Lifespan Suicide PreventionDennis Embry
Keynote: Address:
Humans appear to be the only species on the planet that kill themselves, which is the apparent result of the unique properties of language and the fact that other humans are the principal predator and the principal source of safety in our lives. Last year, three times as many America’s died from suicide as died at the height of the polio epidemic in the 1950s: 36,000 deaths from suicide, versus 3,000 from polio.
A public-health approach across the lifespan is required to reduce this terrible suffering and injury. A public-health campaign is less about the warning signs of suicide than specific actions that disable the “pump handle” to the wells of despair that result in suicidality.
This talk lays out four key principles from a lead article in a special issue of the American Psychologist on prevention, by the presenter and colleagues [1]. These principles arise from the consilience of evolutionary, medical, and behavioral sciences. The principles are not limited to the prevention of suicide; indeed, they principles address prevention of multiple mental, emotional, behavioral, and related physical disorders as outlined by the Institute of Medicine [2].
This talk integrates these principles with low-cost evidence-based kernels [3] and behavioral vaccines [4, 5] that can operate as an integrated public-health model to prevent multiple mental, emotional, behavioral, and related disorders [6]. This talk specifically shows how several apparently simple strategies can be promoted to prevent suicide across the lifespan, illustrated by data and practical mechanisms with rapid results and cost savings for multiple-silos of government and the private sector. The net result is happier, healthier, and productive citizens of all ages.
Breakout #1: Preventing Future Suicide from Pregnancy through Childhood Evidence-based Kernels and Behavioral Vaccines
This breakout expands on the keynote with specific evidence-based kernels and behavioral vaccines, organization and implementation details for low-cost strategies that can avert suicidality 10 to 20 years later cost effectively. One specific strategy that will be covered in greater detail is the Good Behavior Game (which is being widely promoted by in the US and Canada), as the only early elementary school strategy with lifetime scientific data on reducing sucidality [7]. Presently, the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (SAMSHA) is funding 30 sties to do the Good Behavior Game, with 28 of those being supervised by Dr. Embry and his colleagues.
Breakout #2: Preventing Suicide from Adulthood through Senior Years
This breakout explores what science we have that shows pathways for preventing suicide among adults of all ages, beyond signs of suicide. This breakout links the principles from the keynote with evidence-based kernels and behavioral vaccines that can be used in multiple contexts and initiatives. Policies and practices can be scale
Something has been happening in America. More and more young people are showing up with various mental, emotional, and behavioral disorders—based on the 2009 Institute of Medicine Report on the Prevention of Mental, Emotional, and Behavioral Disorders Among Young People. These disorders—from alcohol addiction to other serious mental and behavioral problems—are not just happening in K-12 education: they are fully present in larger numbers on college and university campuses. And, even more importantly, they are now epidemic in our broader society, causing untold damage to the fiscal stability of America, its national security, and global economic competitiveness.
Oddly, it is American institutions of higher learning that have pioneered the world’s best science why and how this epidemic is happening and what can be done to avert the problems. Still more oddly, it is not American institutions of higher learning leading the charge on applying that science—something at odds with the unique heritage of America applying science to better the world. Other rich democracies now lead in applying prevention science for the protection of their future generations.
American Colleges and Universities can become one of the drivers of great carbon revolution, not just a revolution in silicon technology. By a carbon revolution, this means resolving the problems of human behavior that are the largest burdens of social and economic pain and suffering.
In my presentations, I intend to outline how the youthful energies of our young people might be combined with prevention science for population-level prevention and protection against mental, emotional, behavioral and related physical disorders plaguing our futures.
• First, the presentation is aimed at evoking understanding of how these problems have arisen from fundamental evolutionary mismatch—something that my colleagues in the evolutionary sciences have started to map well.
• Second, the presentation gives concrete examples of how prevention science can be scaled to a public-health model to protect our young people and our broader society.
• Third, the presentation outlines how colleges and universities—students, faculty and staff—might have a leadership role in changing the trajectory of these problems rapidly.
• Fourth, the presentation maps how all this can be funded in a politically powerful way, which will in turn strengthen colleges and universities by reducing the huge rise in tuition and other costs that have well outpaced inflation. Indeed, the cost of higher education is now significantly higher in the US proportionately than that of other rich democracies.
I realize that this not a standard presentation about addictions among our college-age youth, decrying the alcohol industry or arguing over the age of drinking or the legalization of marijuana. I believe we must have a much bigger solution, not just for the sake of the young people on our campuses—but for all o
Rapid results for usa jobs and child family wellbeingDennis Embry
Imagine US Corporations repatriated and invested their $1.5 trillion overseas profits back into the use to increase employment in the nation's 4.6 million small businesses, reduce and prevent the nation's epidemic of mental, emotional, and behavioral disorders among our young people, and improved the health of the country and radically reduced the burden of our prisons on the taxpayers while improving public safety. Impossible? Hardly. The US tax code enables this to happen, and the US companies will only pay interest on their investments in the US—not the repatriated funds. This can happen through the vehicle of Social Impact Bonds, and the world-class prevention science of the United States. Please read and help us make this idea happen.
Connecticut nurturing environments for rapid results rev2Dennis Embry
Can we make huge change to benefit children and families. This talk was before state, federal and private leaders on how we can reclaim our children's futures.
Connecticut Presentation for Major ChangeDennis Embry
The state of Connecticut recently held a major meeting with Congressional members, cabinet members, and funders to outline a plan to create major, population-level impact on improving the wellbeing of Connecticut's children and families. This presentation opened the discussion
Creating a culture of prevention and recoveryDennis Embry
Texas is the land of professed public bootstraps, and very private suffering. There is not a family in Texas that has not been touched by the rising prevalence of mental, emotional, behavioral and related physical illnesses. In fact there is not a family in America that has not been so touched, based on the elegant epidemiological monitoring in the US.
So in the land of big hats, why cannot Texas take the lead in a very big idea that will save billions of dollars, improve health, increase the global economic competitiveness of the US, and improve our national security? All that sounds, well, frankly very patriotic and American. What is the really big idea?
First, virtually every mental, emotional, and behavioral disorder (including addictions) is preventable. How solid is that statement? Stamp on the ground ten times as hard as you can. Did you feel it? Well that is how solid the science is. You don’t hear it on your TV; you don’t hear that science in your newspaper or Time magazine; you don’t hear it from your health care provider; and people are not learning this at university. And absolutely nobody is lobbying the Texas Legislature or Governor about this science and possibility. I’ll wager you might not believe me, even though I am a pretty dang good scientist. So if you don’t believe me that the science exists, you can go to www.pubmed.gov and look every study or fact I site. After my talk, you will jabbering away at just about anybody who will listen.
Second, recovery from mental, emotional, and behavioral disorders—including very serious ones like schizophrenia and bipolar disorder—can go into remission. This remission and recovery is not dependent on medications. Now that is not a fact that you will hear on TV, or hear from the pharmaceutical detail people in your doctor’s office. Now I read almost everything I can on these problems, and I missed hearing about this science—until recently. That shows you how buried it is. At my plenary, you will hear about the practical science of recovery.
Third, there are ways to pay for all this using something called, “Social Impact Bonds.” So instead of Texas selling bonds for building another prison, bonds can be sold preventing or reducing the problems in the first place. Now there’s an idea. And, yes other countries are doing this.
The really big idea—a Texas big idea? Well, Texas could be the first place in America to do all this. That would change America, and all our futures.
Biglan et al the critical role of nurturing environments for promoting human ...Dennis Embry
The recent Institute of Medicine report on prevention (National Research Council & Institute of Medicine, 2009) noted the substantial interrelationship among mental, emotional, and behavioral disorders and pointed out that, to a great extent, these problems stem from a set of common conditions. However, despite the evidence, current research and practice continue to deal with the prevention of mental, emotional, and behavioral disorders as if they are unrelated and each stems from different conditions. This article proposes a framework that could accelerate progress in preventing these problems. Environments that foster successful development and prevent the development of psychological and behavioral problems are usefully characterized as nurturing environments. First, these environments minimize biologically and psychologically toxic events. Second, they teach, promote, and richly reinforce prosocial behavior, including self-regulatory behaviors and all of the skills needed to become productive adult members of society. Third, they monitor and limit opportunities for problem behavior. Fourth, they foster psychological flexibility—the ability to be mindful of one's thoughts and feelings and to act in the service of one's values even when one's thoughts and feelings discourage taking valued action. We review evidence to support this synthesis and describe the kind of public health movement that could increase the prevalence of nurturing environments and thereby contribute to the prevention of most mental, emotional, and behavioral disorders. This article is one of three in a special section (see also Muñoz Beardslee, & Leykin, 2012; Yoshikawa, Aber, & Beardslee, 2012) representing an elaboration on a theme for prevention science developed by the 2009 report of the National Research Council and Institute of Medicine. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2012 APA, all rights reserved)
CAPE MAY: A Different Scientific Perspective About the Causes and Cures of Bu...Dennis Embry
The story of the bully is very old. You can read descriptions of bullies in the Old Testament. Bullying seems to be increasing. Why is that? Why is it that aggressive, disturbing and disruptive behaviors have steadily increased in America—much more than other rich countries? We see bullying at preschool, at elementary school, in secondary school. We see bullying in the workplace, in the media, in every walk of life imaginable. Why is this so? What has happened that this behavior is more prevalent? The causes of being a bully and being bully victim have increasingly intriguing scientific findings. This presentation outlines what might underlying causes of the increase and the implications for larger action in society. We will look a biology, the brain, behavior and even evolutionary findings to get a deeper understanding for action. Some of the causes of being a bully and being a bully victim will surprise you, and will lay the foundation for a culture freer of bullying.
Cape May New Jersey Presentation on PreventionDennis Embry
The story of the bully is very old. You can read descriptions of bullies in the Old Testament. Bullying seems to be increasing. Why is that? Why is it that aggressive, disturbing and disruptive behaviors have steadily increased in America—much more than other rich countries? We see bullying at preschool, at elementary school, in secondary school. We see bullying in the workplace, in the media, in every walk of life imaginable. Why is this so? What has happened that this behavior is more prevalent? The causes of being a bully and being bully victim have increasingly intriguing scientific findings. This presentation outlines what might underlying causes of the increase and the implications for larger action in society. We will look a biology, the brain, behavior and even evolutionary findings to get a deeper understanding for action. Some of the causes of being a bully and being a bully victim will surprise you, and will lay the foundation for a culture freer of bullying.
In this 1 hour presentation, a deeper unstinting of why crime prevention must incorporate evolutionary theory. Humans are the principle predator of humans, and the principle source of safety. This talk outlines several clear strategies with large preventive effects.
New Hampshire Keynote on Prevention for Whole County 11 10-11Dennis Embry
Cheshire County, NH, seeks to be the healthiest county in America by 2020. The County is off to a roaring start: it has statistical snapshots and research briefs. Now the summit is about moving into high-gear to influence the behavior of 77,000 people from birth to 100 to meet the challenge.
How will the organizers and advocates do this with due hast and cost-efficiency in terms of people power, money and time?
How will the organizers and advocates make increased wellness and reduced morbidity and mortality happen across all the categories —from healthy weights, to mental illness, to cancer, to unintentional or intentional injuries, to addictions, to self harm, and heart disease?
This talk lays out real answers from somebody who has done large scale prevention trials with success, with diverse problems.
First, people will learn to tackle the problems not so much by topic (i.e., each separate issue), but by tackling the underlying common threads that hold and cause multiple problems. When you cut the common thread, you have impact across many domains. This is called a multi-problem or syndemic approach, and participates will learn from examples how to apply this to real-world issues from the Research Briefs.
Second, people need to use powerful yet low cost tools to influence those 77,000 to make changes in their behavior—with enough people to tip the balance of change. We cannot do therapy with every citizen to achieve the change; we need a public health model that empowers each citizen—young or old—to act not just for themselves but also in ways that help the health and wellbeing futures of many others. Again, the talk and related activities will illustrate how such behavior change and mobilization can be done using the same basic toolkit over and over, with examples.
Third, the whole community needs a way to be invested in ALL OUR FUTURES, not just self. Why? Because, the aggregate success actually reduces the “behavioral contagion” causing many of these problems. And, health equals wealth, both an individual and community level. This part of the presentation gives examples and illustrations that can help create the healthiest county not just for 2020—but also for decades to come
Keynote talk: Vermont Assn. for Mental Health and Friends of Recovery Annual...Dennis Embry
Dear Attendees of the Vermont Association for Mental Health and Friends of Recovery Annual Conference,
I am delighted to be participating at your event about the very real possibility of preventing mental illness at a population level in Vermont, based on the world-class research reviewed in the 2009 Institute of Medicine Report on the Prevention of Mental, Emotional, and Behavioral Disorders in Young People.
Vermont is in a unique position in the history of America to implement strategies that could catapult our country into unparalleled wellbeing. During my work with you on Thursday, October 27, I will be discussing how the State can use the opportunity of its Health Care Initiative to do what impeccable science (and a good dose of grand-motherly wisdom) show is within our grasp:
• Prevent, avert, and/or reduce most mental, emotional, and behavioral disorders.
• Promote mental, emotional, and behavioral wellbeing that improves educational and workplace productivity.
When these are changed, the state’s economic wellbeing will be improved on multiple fronts, since these problems are the biggest cost centers of local, state and business operations.
If Vermont can do this, then its success can help move America into a place of greater fiscal and political safety for all our futures.
Thus, I join you with a spirit of practical optimism on Thursday, and invite you to download and share two recent papers related to our work together.
(Use this tiny hyperlink: http://bit.ly/IOM-EMBRY)
Embry, D. D. (2011). "Behavioral Vaccines and Evidence-Based Kernels: Non-pharmaceutical Approaches for the Prevention of Mental, Emotional, and Behavioral Disorders." Psychiatric Clinics of North America 34(March): 1-34.
The Institute of Medicine Report on the Prevention of Mental, Emotional and Behavioral Disorders Among Young People1 (IOM Report) provides a powerful map for how the United States might significantly prevent mental illnesses and behavioral disorders like alcohol, tobacco, and other drug use among America’s youth. This document is already shaping United States policies, and will almost certainly affect Canada and other countries’ policies. Mental, emotional, and behavioral disorders (MEBs) among America’s youth and young adults present a serious threat to the country’s national security2 and to our economic competitiveness compared with 22 other rich countries.3–7 Such MEBs are also the leading preventable cost center for local, state, and the federal governments.1,4 Further, safe schools, healthy working environments, and public events or places are seriously compromised by MEBs as well.
(Use this tiny hyperlink: http://bit.ly/EmbryBiglanKernels)
Embry, D. D. and A. Biglan (2008). "Evidence-Based Kernels: Fundamental Units of Behavioral Influence." Clinical Child & Family Psychology Review 11(3): 75-113.
This paper describes evidence-based kernels, fundamental units of behavioral influence that appear to u
Women In Medicine University of KansasDennis Embry
Specific Learning Objectives:
1. Learning the four key malleable factors for preventing multiple, interrelated mental, emotional, behavioral and physical disorders that are epidemic in America
2. 2. . Learning how to move from rationing of prevention to universal access to simple, scientifically proven strategies (e.g., evidence-based kernels and behavioral vaccines) that prevent the most costly burdens affecting children, youth, and adults.
3. 3. Learning actual examples that can be applied to improve practice, applied science and basic science as well as for personal or family benefit
Abstract:
“How are the children?” goes the greeting when chiefs of aboriginal peoples meet. The question is not about the chiefs’ own children, but about all the children of the tribe. The children and young adults today are not all right. The 2009 IOM Report on the Prevention of Mental, Emotional and Behavioral Disorders (and related physical disorders) shows that the prevalence rates in the US are the worst among the rich democracies, and continuing to get worse. These trends imperil the future security, safety, economic, and political stability of America.
Just as John Snow showed how the Cholera epidemic could be stopped by a simple strategy that provided “prevention for everyone,” so are there very simple strategies from robust science called “evidence-based kernels” and “behavioral vaccines” that prevent, avert or reduce almost every mental, emotional, behavior and related physical disorders. Prevailing scientific dogma, political policies, and mega-marketing by pharmaceutical companies obscures the clear potential to achieve major shifts in morbidity and mortality for the whole country.
This presentation show real world scientifically validated examples, many of which amusingly have significant histories from science at the University of Kansas over the past 45 years. Examples will be presented to show clinical, scientific and personal applications.
New prevention for everyone washington state aug 2011 copyDennis Embry
Washington State Educational Service District #113 had an exciting event in which virtually every level of community and government was present to learn how to apply evidence-based kernels and behavioral vaccines across the board to achieve large benefits in reducing or preventing mental, emotional, behavioral, and related physical health problems. This even was the first to engage in helping Dr. Embry write a new book for chaining
Nurturing the genius of genes the new frontier of education, therapy, and un...Dennis Embry
Not every child seems equally susceptible to the same parental, educational, or environmental influences even if cognitive level is similar. This study is the first ran- domized controlled trial to apply the differential susceptibility paradigm to education in relation to children’s genotype and early literacy skills. A randomized pretest–posttest control group design was used to examine the effects of the Intelligent Tutoring System Living Letters. Two intervention groups were created, 1 receiving feedback and 1 completing the program without feedback, and 1 control group. Carriers of the long variant of the dopamine D4 receptor gene (DRD4 7-repeat) profited most from the computer program with positive feed- back, whereas they performed at the lowest level of early literacy skills in the absence of such feedback. Our findings suggest that behind modest overall educational intervention effects a strong effect on a subgroup of susceptible children may be hidden.
Harvard University Brief on Causes and Cures of Bullying and Harassment Dennis Embry
Bullying and harassment in the 21st century in the United States is one of the symptoms of a broader epidemic of mental, emotional, behavioral and related physical illnesses—collectively the result of evolutionary mismatches and selection by consequences within the broader culture. Focusing on bullying and harassment per se may paradoxically serve to maintain multiple toxic conditions causing victimization that all here assembled find reprehensible.
Harvard Presentation on the Science of Bullying PrevetionDennis Embry
Dr. Dennis Embry presented a guest lecture at a one day event sponsored by Harvard University. Dr. Embry's comments focused on how broad scale evolutionary mismatch is causing vulnerability to multiple forms of mental, emotional, and behavioral disorders that are linked to bullying and harassment for both perpetration and victimization.
These simplified slides by Dr. Sidra Arshad present an overview of the non-respiratory functions of the respiratory tract.
Learning objectives:
1. Enlist the non-respiratory functions of the respiratory tract
2. Briefly explain how these functions are carried out
3. Discuss the significance of dead space
4. Differentiate between minute ventilation and alveolar ventilation
5. Describe the cough and sneeze reflexes
Study Resources:
1. Chapter 39, Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology, 14th edition
2. Chapter 34, Ganong’s Review of Medical Physiology, 26th edition
3. Chapter 17, Human Physiology by Lauralee Sherwood, 9th edition
4. Non-respiratory functions of the lungs https://academic.oup.com/bjaed/article/13/3/98/278874
TEST BANK for Operations Management, 14th Edition by William J. Stevenson, Ve...kevinkariuki227
TEST BANK for Operations Management, 14th Edition by William J. Stevenson, Verified Chapters 1 - 19, Complete Newest Version.pdf
TEST BANK for Operations Management, 14th Edition by William J. Stevenson, Verified Chapters 1 - 19, Complete Newest Version.pdf
Flu Vaccine Alert in Bangalore Karnatakaaddon Scans
As flu season approaches, health officials in Bangalore, Karnataka, are urging residents to get their flu vaccinations. The seasonal flu, while common, can lead to severe health complications, particularly for vulnerable populations such as young children, the elderly, and those with underlying health conditions.
Dr. Vidisha Kumari, a leading epidemiologist in Bangalore, emphasizes the importance of getting vaccinated. "The flu vaccine is our best defense against the influenza virus. It not only protects individuals but also helps prevent the spread of the virus in our communities," he says.
This year, the flu season is expected to coincide with a potential increase in other respiratory illnesses. The Karnataka Health Department has launched an awareness campaign highlighting the significance of flu vaccinations. They have set up multiple vaccination centers across Bangalore, making it convenient for residents to receive their shots.
To encourage widespread vaccination, the government is also collaborating with local schools, workplaces, and community centers to facilitate vaccination drives. Special attention is being given to ensuring that the vaccine is accessible to all, including marginalized communities who may have limited access to healthcare.
Residents are reminded that the flu vaccine is safe and effective. Common side effects are mild and may include soreness at the injection site, mild fever, or muscle aches. These side effects are generally short-lived and far less severe than the flu itself.
Healthcare providers are also stressing the importance of continuing COVID-19 precautions. Wearing masks, practicing good hand hygiene, and maintaining social distancing are still crucial, especially in crowded places.
Protect yourself and your loved ones by getting vaccinated. Together, we can help keep Bangalore healthy and safe this flu season. For more information on vaccination centers and schedules, residents can visit the Karnataka Health Department’s official website or follow their social media pages.
Stay informed, stay safe, and get your flu shot today!
NVBDCP.pptx Nation vector borne disease control programSapna Thakur
NVBDCP was launched in 2003-2004 . Vector-Borne Disease: Disease that results from an infection transmitted to humans and other animals by blood-feeding arthropods, such as mosquitoes, ticks, and fleas. Examples of vector-borne diseases include Dengue fever, West Nile Virus, Lyme disease, and malaria.
Title: Sense of Smell
Presenter: Dr. Faiza, Assistant Professor of Physiology
Qualifications:
MBBS (Best Graduate, AIMC Lahore)
FCPS Physiology
ICMT, CHPE, DHPE (STMU)
MPH (GC University, Faisalabad)
MBA (Virtual University of Pakistan)
Learning Objectives:
Describe the primary categories of smells and the concept of odor blindness.
Explain the structure and location of the olfactory membrane and mucosa, including the types and roles of cells involved in olfaction.
Describe the pathway and mechanisms of olfactory signal transmission from the olfactory receptors to the brain.
Illustrate the biochemical cascade triggered by odorant binding to olfactory receptors, including the role of G-proteins and second messengers in generating an action potential.
Identify different types of olfactory disorders such as anosmia, hyposmia, hyperosmia, and dysosmia, including their potential causes.
Key Topics:
Olfactory Genes:
3% of the human genome accounts for olfactory genes.
400 genes for odorant receptors.
Olfactory Membrane:
Located in the superior part of the nasal cavity.
Medially: Folds downward along the superior septum.
Laterally: Folds over the superior turbinate and upper surface of the middle turbinate.
Total surface area: 5-10 square centimeters.
Olfactory Mucosa:
Olfactory Cells: Bipolar nerve cells derived from the CNS (100 million), with 4-25 olfactory cilia per cell.
Sustentacular Cells: Produce mucus and maintain ionic and molecular environment.
Basal Cells: Replace worn-out olfactory cells with an average lifespan of 1-2 months.
Bowman’s Gland: Secretes mucus.
Stimulation of Olfactory Cells:
Odorant dissolves in mucus and attaches to receptors on olfactory cilia.
Involves a cascade effect through G-proteins and second messengers, leading to depolarization and action potential generation in the olfactory nerve.
Quality of a Good Odorant:
Small (3-20 Carbon atoms), volatile, water-soluble, and lipid-soluble.
Facilitated by odorant-binding proteins in mucus.
Membrane Potential and Action Potential:
Resting membrane potential: -55mV.
Action potential frequency in the olfactory nerve increases with odorant strength.
Adaptation Towards the Sense of Smell:
Rapid adaptation within the first second, with further slow adaptation.
Psychological adaptation greater than receptor adaptation, involving feedback inhibition from the central nervous system.
Primary Sensations of Smell:
Camphoraceous, Musky, Floral, Pepperminty, Ethereal, Pungent, Putrid.
Odor Detection Threshold:
Examples: Hydrogen sulfide (0.0005 ppm), Methyl-mercaptan (0.002 ppm).
Some toxic substances are odorless at lethal concentrations.
Characteristics of Smell:
Odor blindness for single substances due to lack of appropriate receptor protein.
Behavioral and emotional influences of smell.
Transmission of Olfactory Signals:
From olfactory cells to glomeruli in the olfactory bulb, involving lateral inhibition.
Primitive, less old, and new olfactory systems with different path
Prix Galien International 2024 Forum ProgramLevi Shapiro
June 20, 2024, Prix Galien International and Jerusalem Ethics Forum in ROME. Detailed agenda including panels:
- ADVANCES IN CARDIOLOGY: A NEW PARADIGM IS COMING
- WOMEN’S HEALTH: FERTILITY PRESERVATION
- WHAT’S NEW IN THE TREATMENT OF INFECTIOUS,
ONCOLOGICAL AND INFLAMMATORY SKIN DISEASES?
- ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE AND ETHICS
- GENE THERAPY
- BEYOND BORDERS: GLOBAL INITIATIVES FOR DEMOCRATIZING LIFE SCIENCE TECHNOLOGIES AND PROMOTING ACCESS TO HEALTHCARE
- ETHICAL CHALLENGES IN LIFE SCIENCES
- Prix Galien International Awards Ceremony
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- Video recording of this lecture in English language: https://youtu.be/lK81BzxMqdo
- Video recording of this lecture in Arabic language: https://youtu.be/Ve4P0COk9OI
- Link to download the book free: https://nephrotube.blogspot.com/p/nephrotube-nephrology-books.html
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Knee anatomy and clinical tests 2024.pdfvimalpl1234
This includes all relevant anatomy and clinical tests compiled from standard textbooks, Campbell,netter etc..It is comprehensive and best suited for orthopaedicians and orthopaedic residents.
Explore natural remedies for syphilis treatment in Singapore. Discover alternative therapies, herbal remedies, and lifestyle changes that may complement conventional treatments. Learn about holistic approaches to managing syphilis symptoms and supporting overall health.
Ethanol (CH3CH2OH), or beverage alcohol, is a two-carbon alcohol
that is rapidly distributed in the body and brain. Ethanol alters many
neurochemical systems and has rewarding and addictive properties. It
is the oldest recreational drug and likely contributes to more morbidity,
mortality, and public health costs than all illicit drugs combined. The
5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders
(DSM-5) integrates alcohol abuse and alcohol dependence into a single
disorder called alcohol use disorder (AUD), with mild, moderate,
and severe subclassifications (American Psychiatric Association, 2013).
In the DSM-5, all types of substance abuse and dependence have been
combined into a single substance use disorder (SUD) on a continuum
from mild to severe. A diagnosis of AUD requires that at least two of
the 11 DSM-5 behaviors be present within a 12-month period (mild
AUD: 2–3 criteria; moderate AUD: 4–5 criteria; severe AUD: 6–11 criteria).
The four main behavioral effects of AUD are impaired control over
drinking, negative social consequences, risky use, and altered physiological
effects (tolerance, withdrawal). This chapter presents an overview
of the prevalence and harmful consequences of AUD in the U.S.,
the systemic nature of the disease, neurocircuitry and stages of AUD,
comorbidities, fetal alcohol spectrum disorders, genetic risk factors, and
pharmacotherapies for AUD.
2. What is a behavioral
vaccine?
It is a simple procedure (a kernel or a
recipe of kernels) that, when used
repeatedly, reduce morbidity and mortality
and/or increase wellbeing or health.
Behavioral vaccines can be used by
individuals, families, schools, businesses,
organizations to produce rapid population
level change.
Embry, D. D. (2004). "Community-Based
Prevention Using Simple, Low-Cost, Evidence-
Based Kernels and Behavior Vaccines." Journal
of Community Psychology 32(5): 575.
8. “Behavioral health could learn
from public health in endorsing
a population health
perspective”—(IOM, page 19).
“Families and children have
ready access to the best
available evidence-based
prevention interventions,
The story of the delivered in their own
Broad Street water
pump during the
communities…in a respectful
cholera epidemic in non-stigmatizing way”—(IOM,
London. page 387).
9. What is a public-
health approach?
Potential harm is universal,
Personal or Group Risk is Common,
Stigmatizing Persons or Groups At Risk
Reduces Prevention Results, and/or
More Cost Efficient to Reach All Above
“Case Finding.”
10. A environmental
policy case study in
reducing early
rebelliousness, risk
taking and
sensation seeking
This risk factor can be easily measured in
early-childhood, and it predicts lifetime
injuries, delinquency, alcohol/drug abuse
abuse, and school difficulties.
12. So, what would be your prevention
approach to prevent young children
dashing into the street or parking lots?
PS.
This was one
the top 3-5
causes of
death in OECD
countries from
1960s-1980s.
20. Child removed from play if unsafe
then given quick chance to be safe
2-minute Sit and
Watch, if unsafe
21.
22.
23.
24.
25.
26.
27. Study 1 showed preschool
intervention alone had short-term
benefits
28. Study 1 showed preschool
intervention alone had short-term
benefits
Study 2 showed preschool plus
parenting intervention had long-term
benefits
29. Study 1 showed preschool
intervention alone had short-term
benefits
Study 2 showed preschool plus
parenting intervention had long-term
benefits
Study 3 showed strategy could be
implemented in 35 Head Starts
nationally
30. Study 1 showed preschool
intervention alone had short-term
benefits
Study 2 showed preschool plus
parenting intervention had long-term
benefits
Study 3 showed strategy could be
implemented in 35 Head Starts
nationally
Study 4 showed parents could
change child’s behavior from special
story workbook
31. Study 1 showed preschool
intervention alone had short-term
benefits
Study 2 showed preschool plus
parenting intervention had long-term
benefits
Study 3 showed strategy could be
implemented in 35 Head Starts
nationally
Study 4 showed parents could
change child’s behavior from special
story workbook
Study 5 showed behavior change for
over 100 preschoolers, with no
adverse effect.
32. Study 1 showed preschool
intervention alone had short-term
benefits
Study 2 showed preschool plus
parenting intervention had long-term
benefits
Study 3 showed strategy could be
implemented in 35 Head Starts
nationally
Study 4 showed parents could
change child’s behavior from special
story workbook
Study 5 showed behavior change for
over 100 preschoolers, with no
adverse effect.
Study 6 showed effort could be
successful in a 3-city multiple baseline
in New Zealand
33. Study 1 showed preschool
intervention alone had short-term
benefits
Study 2 showed preschool plus
parenting intervention had long-term
benefits
Study 3 showed strategy could be
implemented in 35 Head Starts
nationally
Study 4 showed parents could
change child’s behavior from special
story workbook
Study 5 showed behavior change for
over 100 preschoolers, with no
adverse effect.
Study 6 showed effort could be
successful in a 3-city multiple baseline
in New Zealand
Study 7 is national campaign,
adopted by 50% of New Zealand
families
34. Study 1 showed preschool
intervention alone had short-term
benefits
Study 2 showed preschool plus
parenting intervention had long-term
benefits
Study 3 showed strategy could be
implemented in 35 Head Starts
nationally
Study 4 showed parents could
change child’s behavior from special
story workbook
Study 5 showed behavior change for
over 100 preschoolers, with no
adverse effect.
Study 6 showed effort could be
successful in a 3-city multiple baseline
in New Zealand
Study 7 is national campaign,
adopted by 50% of New Zealand
families
Study 8 replicates city results in US
35. Kernels and 4-P’s used in multi-city/
national Safe Playing campaign
36. Kernels and 4-P’s used in multi-city/
national Safe Playing campaign
Proclamations in cities and nationally
37. Kernels and 4-P’s used in multi-city/
national Safe Playing campaign
Proclamations in cities and nationally
Endorsements/Sponsorships by prestige organizations AND businesses
38. Kernels and 4-P’s used in multi-city/
national Safe Playing campaign
Proclamations in cities and nationally
Endorsements/Sponsorships by prestige organizations AND businesses
Media models of adoption by high-status people
39. Kernels and 4-P’s used in multi-city/
national Safe Playing campaign
Proclamations in cities and nationally
Endorsements/Sponsorships by prestige organizations AND businesses
Media models of adoption by high-status people
Media models showing rapid results/benefits
40. Kernels and 4-P’s used in multi-city/
national Safe Playing campaign
Proclamations in cities and nationally
Endorsements/Sponsorships by prestige organizations AND businesses
Media models of adoption by high-status people
Media models showing rapid results/benefits
Public posting of rates of adoption/use
41. Kernels and 4-P’s used in multi-city/
national Safe Playing campaign
Proclamations in cities and nationally
Endorsements/Sponsorships by prestige organizations AND businesses
Media models of adoption by high-status people
Media models showing rapid results/benefits
Public posting of rates of adoption/use
Competitions between cities on adoptions
42. Kernels and 4-P’s used in multi-city/
national Safe Playing campaign
Proclamations in cities and nationally
Endorsements/Sponsorships by prestige organizations AND businesses
Media models of adoption by high-status people
Media models showing rapid results/benefits
Public posting of rates of adoption/use
Competitions between cities on adoptions
Placement in supermarket or other easy venues
43. Kernels and 4-P’s used in multi-city/
national Safe Playing campaign
Proclamations in cities and nationally
Endorsements/Sponsorships by prestige organizations AND businesses
Media models of adoption by high-status people
Media models showing rapid results/benefits
Public posting of rates of adoption/use
Competitions between cities on adoptions
Placement in supermarket or other easy venues
Price free after filling out Safe Playing Promise (with address, etc.)
44. Kernels and 4-P’s used in multi-city/
national Safe Playing campaign
Proclamations in cities and nationally
Endorsements/Sponsorships by prestige organizations AND businesses
Media models of adoption by high-status people
Media models showing rapid results/benefits
Public posting of rates of adoption/use
Competitions between cities on adoptions
Placement in supermarket or other easy venues
Price free after filling out Safe Playing Promise (with address, etc.)
Promotion for every family who wants their child to be safe
45. Kernels and 4-P’s used in multi-city/
national Safe Playing campaign
Proclamations in cities and nationally
Endorsements/Sponsorships by prestige organizations AND businesses
Media models of adoption by high-status people
Media models showing rapid results/benefits
Public posting of rates of adoption/use
Competitions between cities on adoptions
Placement in supermarket or other easy venues
Price free after filling out Safe Playing Promise (with address, etc.)
Promotion for every family who wants their child to be safe
Product promises child will be safer in two weeks when steps followed
46. 5.0% 2.0%
0.0%
18.0%
Wisconsin Wisconsin
40.0% 16.0%
35.0% 14.0%
30.0% 12.0%
25.0% 10.0%
20.0% 8.0%
15.0% Youth Who Smoked During the Last 30 Days
6.0% Youth Who Smoked Every Day the Last 30 Days
Baseline Reward and Reminder Baseline Reward and Reminder
45.0% 18.0%
10.0% Wyoming 4.0% Wyoming
40.0% 16.0%
5.0%
35.0% 2.0%
14.0%
30.0% 12.0%
0.0%
25.0% 10.0%
18.0%
20.0% 8.0%
United States United States
40.0%
15.0% 16.0%
6.0%
10.0% 4.0%
35.0%
5.0% 14.0%
2.0%
0.0%
30.0% 12.0%
18.0%
Wisconsin Wisconsin
40.0% 16.0%
25.0% 10.0%
35.0% 14.0%
20.0%
30.0% 8.0%
12.0%
25.0% 10.0%
15.0%
20.0%
6.0%
8.0%
10.0%
15.0%
4.0%
6.0%
10.0% 4.0%
5.0%
5.0% 2.0%
2.0%
Source: YRBS, US Centers for Disease Control Source: YRBS, US Centers for Disease Control
0.0%
0.0% 0.0%
1995 1997 1999 2001 2003 2005 2007 1995 1997 1999 2001 2003 2005 2007
= Trend = Wyoming = Wisconsin =United States
Why not publicize and reward clerks and
stores for not selling tobacco or alcohol to
minors if…
Embry, D. D. and A. Biglan (2009). Reward and Reminder: An Environmental Strategy for Population-
Level Prevention. National Registry of Effective Programs and Practices, Substance Abuse and
Mental Health Administration.
47. Families United case study
A plan to address statewide risk and protective factors trends among youth
48. Calculating RE-AIM for population-
level change (PC)
REACH = Total population being IMPLEMENTATION = The percent
RE-AIM MATH targeted (see census data) of persons/entities who actually
Reach, Efficacy, adopted kernel who actually use
Adoption, EFFICACY = The effect size it (needs to be at least 40% to
Implementation, & difference produced by the kernel
Maintenance 60%).
or collection of kernels.
MAINTENANCE = This is the
ADOPTION = The percent of percent of people or settings who
reach actually choose to use the keep doing the kernel over time.
kernel or collection of kernels
(must be above 20%-25% to
achieve population-level change. Change = R * E * A * I * M
for more info, visit www.re-aim.org
49. Reach
Reach is the absolute number, Representativeness refers to
proportion (percent), and whether participants have
representativeness of individuals characteristics that reflect the target
population's characteristics.
who participate in a given strategy.
If the intent is to increase physical activity in
sedentary people between the ages of 35 and 70,
you wouldn't test your program on triathletes or
toddlers.
50. Reach
Reach is the absolute number, Representativeness refers to
proportion (percent), and whether participants have
representativeness of individuals characteristics that reflect the target
population's characteristics.
who participate in a given strategy.
0% to 100%—higher number, leverages more result
If the intent is to increase physical activity in
sedentary people between the ages of 35 and 70,
you wouldn't test your program on triathletes or
toddlers.
51. Efficacy
Efficacy/Effectiveness is the impact of this of this measured ability to pr
a strategy on important outcomes. the change if used—from none t
This includes potential negative highly potent.
effects, quality of life, and costs or
increase in positive outcomes. Think of
Be mindful that all strategies have negative
effects that subtract from the good effects.
52. Efficacy
Efficacy/Effectiveness is the impact of this of this measured ability to pr
a strategy on important outcomes. the change if used—from none t
This includes potential negative highly potent.
effects, quality of life, and costs or
increase in positive outcomes. Think of
Higher efficacy X more reach = more leverage
Be mindful that all strategies have negative
effects that subtract from the good effects.
53. Adoption
Adoption is the absolute number, Notice there can be multiple leve
proportion, and representativeness of people or settings who must ado
people, settings and/or staff who are the strategy to achieve results.
willing to offer a strategy.
54. Adoption
Adoption is the absolute number, Notice there can be multiple leve
proportion, and representativeness of people or settings who must ado
people, settings and/or staff who are the strategy to achieve results.
willing to offer a strategy.
Hi efficacy X large reach X many adoptions = more leverage
55. Implementation
Implementation, at a setting level the strategy that is recommended o
(home, clinic, office, business, etc), proven. This includes consistency o
refers to how closely the user or delivery as intended and the time
agents (e.g., staff members) follow and cost of the program.
56. Implementation
Implementation, at a setting level the strategy that is recommended o
(home, clinic, office, business, etc), proven. This includes consistency o
refers to how closely the user or delivery as intended and the time
agents (e.g., staff members) follow and cost of the program.
(efficacy X reach X adoptions) X robust implementation = Hi leverag
57. Maintenance
Maintenance is the extent to which At the individual level, maintenance
a strategy, program or policy is the long-term effects on
becomes routine or stable outcomes after 6 or more months
organizationally. after adoption and implementation.
58.
59.
60.
61. “Behavioral health could learn
from public health in endorsing
a population health
perspective”—(IOM, page 19).
“Families and children have
ready access to the best
available evidence-based
prevention interventions,
The story of the delivered in their own
water pump during
the cholera
communities…in a respectful
epidemic in non-stigmatizing way”—(IOM,
London.
page 387).
63. The first breakthrough will be Families
United…
Launching this year
Using all modern Internet tools to
create a national mobilization
Using powerful public health/social
marketing tools
Applying IOM findings
Creating universal consumer access
to proven behavioral prevention
Combining common sense, good
science, low cost with sustainability
64. What is Families United?
A set of simple, proven,
and powerful tools to
protect all our children
from the leading
causes of lifetime
suffering, illness,
disability and death—
securing all our futures.
65. Kernel #1 for United Families
Relational Increase Family Positive
Frame Monitoring. Parental & family
Kernel clarity and commitment to
their child about risky or
disturbing behaviors such as
Creates verbal not using alcohol, tobacco
relations for the and drugs (ATOD) and about
behavior that child’s friends’ not using
of alcohol, tobacco and drugs.
The type of monitoring
changes by age of child.
66. Kernel # 2 for United Families
Reward Not Using or Breaking
Reinforcement
Kernel Rules. Family recognition and
reinforcement of children and teens
doing the right thing (e.g., not using
ATOD or not engaging in deviant or
risky behaviors.
Happens
AFTER the The rewards and recognition increase
behavior intrinsic motivation to do the right
thing, and cost little or no money
The rewards and recognition create
perceived warmth by children from
parents and family.
67. Kernel # 3 for United Families.
Reduce Sleep Deprivation.
Antecedent
Kernel
Ensuring a child has good
sleep patterns, by reducing
access to electronic media
before bedtime.
Happens
BEFORE the Sleep deprivation is the silent
behavior but deadly cause of many
behavioral, school and health
problems—including
addictions.
68. Kernel #4 for United Families.
Physiological
Change Brain Food or Fatty Acid
Kernel Ratios in Child’s Diet. Increasing
children’s “brain food” (omega-3
found in fish oil) protects a child’s
basic brain function, brain receptors
and brain chemistry from the risk of
Changes
ATOD as well as other problematic
biochemistry of behaviors including depression and
behavior aggression.
The main biological factor that has
radically changed in the last 20
years, dramatically affecting
behavior, mental health and physical
health of our children.
69. Kernel # 5 of Families United.
Relational Increase Parent Networking
Frame to Child’s Friends Families.
Kernel Sharing and communicating the
above with five of the parents of
one’s child’s friends.
Creates verbal
relations for the
behavior
70. Families United get
Families United
for all our children, for all our youth, for all our futures…
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The above can have local
sponsors on the materials
for sustainability.
71. Families United Communities
Use the website to create a
community network, nested
inside a national movement.
(Website being created by
leading Web company in the
US).
Families learn and share how to
use the evidence-based kernels
to help their own children and
their children’s friends.
72. New sustainability
mechanisms
Other
Individual Buyers
United Way 9%
28%
6%
Child Services
8%
Blue Cross
9%
Private Sector
17%
Board of Supervisors
23%
77. Exploring the Vision of Families United
Download or watch videos and other materials
Explore the Vision Share info with others who can speak persuasively to
• Get or download information
• Share information with others diverse groups and leader by using your broad social
• Find some early allies (6 to 12)
network. Send hyperlink, call them, make
Get
info Share info presentations to them. Choose broad stakeholder
& Find allies groups in the future of your community.
Find some early, strong allies (at least 6 to 12) who can
now go out and repeat the vision and possibilities and
who can commit to help launch Families United in less
than 12 months.
NOTE: We will send you the hyperlink for downloads
80. Planting Seeds of Change for
Families United
Find and share simple local data to estimate costs,
provide baseline to measure “early wins” and bigger
Plant Seeds changes
• Find and share some local data
• Sign up partners for change
• Share benefits & science of change
Share benefits and the science of Families United via
Get local data Sign up partners the brief videos, printed synopses and publications (as
needed).
Sign up partners for change who can lend a hand
from from every walk of life, occupation, neighborhood
Share
benefits & Science or organization who shares the vision of improving the
futures of all our children.
for change
82. Preparing to Advance Change for
Families United
Open doors for collaboration. The planning
Prepare to Advance Change documents online contains sample MOUs,
• Open doors for collaboration
• Put behavior change pieces together sponsorship or braided funding agreements,
• Mobilize captains for action
formula for distribution and presentations.
Mobilize
captains for Put all the Open doors for Put behavior change pieces together. Families
collaboration
action pieces
together for
United is like a product launch or big community
behavior event—reaching many people as possible in
change
30-60 days.
Mobilize captains for action. Captains have the
role of mobilizing the “troops” in their respective
fields to hold or have Family United events in
diverse settings.
84. Acting for Behavior Change for
Families United
Act school, neighborhood or other teams
for Behavior Organize school, neighborhood or other teams for
• Organize behavior change. Team members need web tools
• Deliver behavior change tools and events for the team members to reach families in their
• Measure changes and shout out successes
areas.
Shout out
successes Deliver behavior change tools and events. There
are materials, supplies and equipment that may
Deliver
change
need to be delivered, depending on the size of
Organize
teams for events.
behavior
change
Measure changes and shout out successes.
Every day during the campaign window there will
be many opportunities measure changes and
Measure
Changes
celebrate successes.
86. Maintaining and Growing Families
United
Improve
continuously
Improve continuously. This includes reviews of the
Keep moving campaign to determine what produced the most
forward
Celebrate
successes
participation and engagement in actual Families United
strategies.
Celebrate successes. Immediate successes of
participation rates, involvement, sponsorships, support of
logistics need to be celebrated. Testimonials from families
Maintain and Grow and others must be collected and publicized.
• Improve continuously
• Celebrate successes Keep moving forward. Families United is a behavioral
• Keep moving forward
vaccine like hand-washing. People have to keep doing it;
next year needs to be initiated at least 6 months
beforehand.
87. Dennis D. Embry, Ph.D.
President/CEO
PAXIS Institute
PO 31205, Tucson, AZ 85751
Ph: 520-299-6770
dde@paxis.org
Bea Ramirez, Executive
Assistant
presentation available at:www.paxtalk.com bea@paxis.org.
Editor's Notes
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Please see http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1854_Broad_Street_cholera_outbreak\n\nThis story is about how Dr. John Snow did a major public health change by removing the pump handle on the pump on Broadwick Street, thereby dramatically reducing cholera. \n\nWe need to remove the pump handles of current epidemics affecting America&#x2019;s children, youth and young adults.\n
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Please see http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1854_Broad_Street_cholera_outbreak\n\nThis story is about how Dr. John Snow did a major public health change by removing the pump handle on the pump on Broadwick Street, thereby dramatically reducing cholera. \n\nWe need to remove the pump handles of current epidemics affecting America&#x2019;s children, youth and young adults.\n
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Our rationale is below:\n\nIn March of 2009, the Institute of Medicine issued a new report on the Prevention of Mental, Emotional and Behavioral Disorders Among Young People.1 Fundamentally, the report calls for ending the ration of prevention of mental, emotional and behavioral disorders among America&#x2019;s youth and young adults. Continued rationing of access to scientifically proven prevention causes a serious threat to the country&#x2019;s national security2 and to our economic competitiveness compared to 22 other rich countries.3 Such mental, emotional and behavioral disorders are also the leading preventable cost center for local, state and the federal government.1 4 These are the disorders that cause our health-care costs to continue to spiral up and up.\nThe IOM Report calls for a public-health health approach to mental, emotional and behavioral disorders&#x2014;basically like how America dealt with the polio epidemic, measles, mumps, car passenger injuries to children, and accidental poisoning from medications and toxic chemicals. Why is this necessary? America&#x2019;s rates of some of these mental, emotional and behavioral problems are worse than other developed countries,5 6 and rates of some of these problems have objectively increased over the past 50 years in America.7 A public-health approach begins with key facts: \n1) Potential harm to the population is high; \n2) Individual risk is widespread; \n3) Everyone deserves protection; \n4) Stigmatizing people or groups reduces engagement in prevention; and \n5) Universal approaches are cost-effective. \nThis document cites multiple examples of how a public health approaches can and have reduced or prevented mental, emotional and behavioral disorders for less per child than being spent for medical vaccines for childhood diseases. Many of these prevention approaches are being used by America&#x2019;s economic competitors, an ironic event since the approaches were largely developed and tested in America. This document suggest several key policy actions to improve America&#x2019;s by: \n1)Unleashing consumer access to behavioral prevention strategies like car seats, \n2)Creating third-party reimbursements that would reduce health-care costs, \n3)Initiating public/private prevention mobilizations, \n4)Using proven, powerful marketing campaign strategies, and \n5)Creating cost-saving estimators like business software to calculate profit/loses from prevention strategies.\n\n
Uniting All Families to Protect All Our Youth\nFamilies United will reduce the rising rates of youth alcohol, tobacco, and drug use, delinquency, violence, poor academics, and mental illnesses by:\nIncreasing Positive Family Monitoring. By clear voice of positive commitment to children about not using alcohol, tobacco and other drugs (ATOD) and equally clear expectation about a child&#x2019;s friends.\nRewarding Not Using nor Breaking Rules. By rewarding youth for doing the right thing (e.g., not using ATOD or deviant acts) reduces problems more than punishments. \nReducing Sleep Deprivation. By limiting access to electronic media before bedtime protects against ATOD use, school failure, family problems, mental illness, aggression and obesity. \nChanging Fatty Acid Ratios in a Child&#x2019;s Diet. By providing more &#x201C;brain food&#x201D; (omega-3 found in fish oil) to protect children&#x2019;s brains from depression, aggression and suicide. (See Institute of Medicine report).\nIncreasing Parent Networking Among the Families of Children&#x2019;s Friends. By sharing the strategies with 5 other families. \nGovernors&#x2019; and Mayors&#x2019; first spouses will convene Families United in every state.\n\n
Rationale\nA previous scientific study of 7th graders demonstrated that a blunt, clear statement by parents in a broad community context and campaign actually did reduce both serious binge drinking and alcohol use as well as delinquency arrests by about 25% (Koutakis, Stattin et al. 2008).\nAdolescents undermine their parents&#x2019; resolve by arguing that other parents are more permissive through a variety of tactics, which cannot be easily refuted in the absence of a robust community norming effort that a vast majority of parents do not want their children using ATOD.\nAdolescent ATOD use today is different than 20 years ago in a number of ways: \nuse is not casual and simply social as one might find an adult party; and\ncurrent adolescent culture and use is deliberately focused on getting seriously drunk, stoned, or high. For example, binge drinking is not just a few drinks, as it might have been previously. Youth may drink 10 beers today, for example. \nDrinking and drugging today among many adolescents is not &#x201C;to relax&#x201D;; &#x201C;to chill&#x201D;; or &#x201C;reduce stress.&#x201D; The emphasis on excess is not just illegal or a violation of parental rules; it is exceeding dangerous in terms of fatal or serious accidents, rape, exposure to gun violence, suicide, or accidental death from overdoses. \nSuch behavior also can significantly affect the child&#x2019;s entry into college, professions or military. Such excess behavior is quite common among middle-class and upper-class youth, because such groups have the financial and transportation resources to secure the quantities of alcohol and drugs.\nBibliography\nKoutakis, N., H. Stattin, et al. (2008). "Reducing youth alcohol drinking through a parent-targeted intervention: the Orebro Prevention Program." Addiction 103(10): 1629-1637.\n\n\n
Rationale\n\nThe more families notice their children doing the right thing, the more right things the children do. Without being noticed for the right things, children tend to seek out being notice for doing the wrong things&#x2014;often in the wrong places with the wrong people at the wrong times. It is the being noticed that counts, and you have complete control over what you notice in your child&#x2014;for the good or the bad.\n\nSuch simple, positive reinforcement for not using ATOD is clearly proven to reduce ATOD use significantly in multiple studies,(Cumsille, Darling, & Martinez, 2009) and is especially potent as a strategy once a child or adult has initiated use(Corby, Roll, Ledgerwood, & Schuster, 2000; Diamond, et al., 2002; Kaminer, 2000) (which is true of 15% to 45% of most American youth, depending on grade and community). Thus, a substantial percentage of current American parents need a practical strategy that works to stop current ATOD use of their children, not just prevent initiation of use.\n\nParental reinforcement of children doing the right thing increases perceived warmth by child from parent, which in turns increases disclosure of behaviors by the child (Cumsille, et al., 2009; Daddis & Randolph, 2009; Eaton, Krueger, Johnson, McGue, & Iacono, 2009; Frijns, Keijsers, Branje, & Meeus, 2009; Masche, 2009; Smetana, Villalobos, Tasopoulos-Chan, Gettman, & Campione-Barr, 2009; Tilton-Weaver, et al., 2009). Such child disclosure turns out to be vital for effective parental monitoring during adolescence, more than parental quizzing or threats of punishment.\n\nBibliography\nCorby, E. A., Roll, J. M., Ledgerwood, D. M., & Schuster, C. R. (2000). Contingency management interventions for treating the substance abuse of adolescents: A feasibility study. Experimental & Clinical Psychopharmacology, 8(3), 371-376. \nCumsille, P., Darling, N., & Martinez, M. L. (2009). Shading the truth: The patterning of adolescents' decisions to avoid issues, disclose, or lie to parents. J Adolesc. doi: S0140-1971(09)00131-6 [pii] 10.1016/j.adolescence.2009.10.008 [doi]\nDaddis, C., & Randolph, D. (2009). Dating and disclosure: Adolescent management of information regarding romantic involvement. J Adolesc. doi: S0140-1971(09)00063-3 [pii]\n10.1016/j.adolescence.2009.05.002 [doi]\nDiamond, G., Godley, S. H., Liddle, H. A., Sampl, S., Webb, C., Tims, F. M., et al. (2002). Five outpatient treatment models for adolescent marijuana use: A description of the Cannabis Youth Treatment Interventions. Addiction, 97(Suppl1), 70-83. \nEaton, N. R., Krueger, R. F., Johnson, W., McGue, M., & Iacono, W. G. (2009). Parental monitoring, personality, and delinquency: Further support for a reconceptualization of monitoring. [doi:10.1016/j.jrp.2008.10.006]. Journal of Research in Personality, 43(1), 49-59. doi: 10.1016/j.jrp.2008.10.006\nFrijns, T., Keijsers, L., Branje, S., & Meeus, W. (2009). What parents don't know and how it may affect their children: Qualifying the disclosure-adjustment link. J Adolesc. doi: S0140-1971(09)00068-2 [pii]\n10.1016/j.adolescence.2009.05.010 [doi]\nKaminer, Y. (2000). Contingency management reinforcement procedures for adolescent substance abuse. Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, 39(10), 1324-1326. \nMasche, J. G. (2009). Explanation of normative declines in parents' knowledge about their adolescent children. J Adolesc. doi: S0140-1971(09)00120-1 [pii]10.1016/j.adolescence.2009.08.002 [doi]\nSmetana, J. G., Villalobos, M., Tasopoulos-Chan, M., Gettman, D. C., & Campione-Barr, N. (2009). Early and middle adolescents' disclosure to parents about activities in different domains. J Adolesc, 32(3), 693-713. doi: S0140-1971(08)00062-6 [pii] 10.1016/j.adolescence.2008.06.010 [doi]\nTilton-Weaver, L., Kerr, M., Pakalniskeine, V., Tokic, A., Salihovic, S., & Stattin, H. (2009). Open up or close down: How do parental reactions affect youth information management? J Adolesc. doi: S0140-1971(09)00106-7 [pii] 10.1016/j.adolescence.2009.07.011 [doi]\n\n
Rationale\nSleep deprivation&#x2014;rapidly increasing in children and teens&#x2014;by virtue of electronic media (e.g., cellphones, instant messaging, TV&#x2019;s and electronic games in children&#x2019;s bedrooms) is now firmly linked to increased risk of ATOD use and other problematic behaviors for multiple biological, media modeling, and adverse norming reasons.\nOur children today sleep a lot less than children just 10-20 years ago. The lack of sleep, even as a young child, significantly predicts getting drunk, stoned, or in trouble with the law including for violence as well as doing poorly in school (Chervin, Dillon, Archbold, & Ruzicka, 2003; Dworak, Schierl, Bruns, & Str&#xB8;der, 2007; Meijer, 2008; Owens, et al., 1999; Wong, Brower, Fitzgerald, & Zucker, 2004). The reason is not more homework or family stress. The reason is simple: Children&#x2019;s bedrooms today are like electronic super-stores&#x2014;often with a TV, a computer, electronic games, and now cell phones (Borzekowski & Robinson, 2005; Dworak, et al., 2007; Johnson, Cohen, Kasen, First, & Brook, 2004; Paavonen, Pennonen, Roine, Valkonen, & Lahikainen, 2006; Suganuma, et al., 2007; Tazawa & Okada, 2001; Thompson & Christakis, 2005; Toyran, Ozmert, & Yurdakok, 2002; Jan Van den Bulck, 2003; J. Van den Bulck, 2004). These electronic things are a lot more exciting and sleep depriving than reading a book under the covers with a flashlight (Suganuma, et al., 2007). When parents significantly reduce use of these things&#x2014;especially in children&#x2019;s bedrooms&#x2014;children and teens are healthier, less irritable, do better in school and less likely to get into all manner of trouble (Barkin, et al., 2008; Gorin, Raynor, Chula-Maguire, & Wing, 2006). There are some strategies to slim your child&#x2019;s media diet if families are unsure what to do (Jordan, Hersey, McDivitt, & Heitzler, 2006).\nBibliography\nBarkin, S. L., Finch, S. A., Ip, E. H., Scheindlin, B., Craig, J. A., Steffes, J., et al. (2008). Is Office-Based Counseling About Media Use, Timeouts, and Firearm Storage Effective? Results From a Cluster-Randomized, Controlled Trial. Pediatrics, 122(1), e15-25. doi: 10.1542/peds.2007-2611\nBorzekowski, D. L. G., & Robinson, T. N. (2005). The Remote, the Mouse, and the No. 2 Pencil: The Household Media Environment and Academic Achievement Among Third Grade Students. Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med, 159(7), 607-613. doi: 10.1001/archpedi.159.7.607\nChervin, R. D., Dillon, J. E., Archbold, K. H., & Ruzicka, D. L. (2003). Conduct problems and symptoms of sleep disorders in children. Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, 42(2), 201-208. \nDworak, M., Schierl, T., Bruns, T., & Str&#xB8;der, H. K. (2007). Impact of singular excessive computer game and television exposure on sleep patterns and memory performance of school-aged children. Pediatrics, 120(5), 978-985. doi: 10.1542/peds.2007-0476\nGorin, A., Raynor, H., Chula-Maguire, K., & Wing, R. (2006). Decreasing household television time: A pilot study of a combined behavioral and environmental intervention. Behavioral Interventions, 21(4), 273-280. doi: 10.1002/bin.221\nJohnson, J. G., Cohen, P., Kasen, S., First, M. B., & Brook, J. S. (2004). Association between television viewing and sleep problems during adolescence and early adulthood.[see comment]. Archives of Pediatrics & Adolescent Medicine, 158(6), 562-568. \nJordan, A. B., Hersey, J. C., McDivitt, J. A., & Heitzler, C. D. (2006). Reducing Children's Television-Viewing Time: A Qualitative Study of Parents and Their Children. Pediatrics, 118(5), e1303-1310. doi: 10.1542/peds.2006-0732\nMeijer, A. M. (2008). Chronic sleep reduction, functioning at school and school achievement in preadolescents. Journal of Sleep Research, 17(4), 395-405. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2869.2008.00677.x\nOwens, J., Maxim, R., McGuinn, M., Nobile, C., Msall, M., & Alario, A. (1999). Television-viewing habits and sleep disturbance in school children. Pediatrics, 104(3), e27. \nPaavonen, E. J., Pennonen, M., Roine, M., Valkonen, S., & Lahikainen, A. R. (2006). TV exposure associated with sleep disturbances in 5- to 6-year-old children. Journal of Sleep Research, 15(2), 154-161. \nSuganuma, N., Kikuchi, T., Yanagi, K., Yamamura, S., Morishima, H., Adachi, H., et al. (2007). Using electronic media before sleep can curtail sleep time and result in self-perceived insufficient sleep. Sleep and Biological Rhythms, 5(3), 204-214. doi: 10.1111/j.1479-8425.2007.00276.x\nTazawa, Y., & Okada, K. (2001). Physical signs associated with excessive television-game playing and sleep deprivation. Pediatrics International, 43(6), 647-650. \nThompson, D. A., & Christakis, D. A. (2005). The association between television viewing and irregular sleep schedules among children less than 3 years of age. Pediatrics, 116(4), 851-856. \nToyran, M., Ozmert, E., & Yurdakok, K. (2002). Television viewing and its effect on physical health of schoolage children. Turkish Journal of Pediatrics, 44(3), 194-203. \nVan den Bulck, J. (2003). Text messaging as a cause of sleep interruption in adolescents, evidence from a cross-sectional study. Journal of Sleep Research, 12(3), 263-263. \nVan den Bulck, J. (2004). Television viewing, computer game playing, and Internet use and self-reported time to bed and time out of bed in secondary-school children.[see comment]. Sleep, 27(1), 101-104. \nWong, M. M., Brower, K. J., Fitzgerald, H. E., & Zucker, R. A. (2004). Sleep problems in early childhood and early onset of alcohol and other drug use in adolescence. Alcoholism: Clinical & Experimental Research, 28(4), 578-587. \n\n
Rationale\nEssential brain chemistry and development is being disrupted or deficient from two major sources in in America. These disruptions and deficiencies have greatly accelerated the risk of substance abuse, mental illness and delinquent behavior in America&#x2019;s youth. Two changeable causes exist:\nBased on scientific studies conducted under the auspices of the National Institutes of Health, abrupt changes in the dietary ratios of essential fatty acids (omega 3 to omega 67) of Americans (particularly children and youth) compared to other nations has increased the biological, mental health and behavioral risks associated with ATOD use.6 Changing the current US dangerous ratio of omega-6 to omega-3 from 25-to-1 to the healthy ratio of 4-to-1 would significantly improve the biological and behavioral risk and protective factors associated with ATOD use and related problems.6 8 Remember how parents and grandparents of years back used to tell their children and grandchildren to take cod-liver oil? Yes, it tasted yucky, and that cod-liver oil contained enough omega-3 to keep every child in America smarter, safer, less susceptible to addictions or mental illnesses, and healthier.54-57 Increasing omega-3 and reducing omega-6 (found in cottonseed oil, corn oil, soybean oil, etc.) would also help reduce the obesity and diabetes epidemic among youth.9-11\nAnother essential brain deficiency comes from the lack of movement. Without extensive physical activity&#x2014;running and playing outside, active sports, jogging, etc. every day, humans do not generate enough Brain Derived Neuro-Factor&#x2014;&#x201C;brain-fertilizer&#x201D; for short. BNDF is essential for sleep, positive mood, memory and learning.52 53 BNDF helps brains learn to avoid or stay away from harmful things like getting drunk, high, stoned or in trouble with the law as well as learning how to get the good things in life.46 47 Scientists believe today that well-proven effects on exercise improving depression (as much as medications) and improving memory in children and adults works by increasing BDNF.48-51\n
This is a key aspect of the highly successful Parents Movement. Please see http://www.enotes.com/drugs-alcohol-encyclopedia/parent-movement.\n\nPenney, A. and E. Garfield (1984). "Parent groups in drug abuse prevention: Is this the constituency we've been waiting for?" The Journal of Primary Prevention 4(3): 173-179.\nPrevention, although always intended to be a focus of community mental health centers, has suffered from lack of a defined constituency. In lean economic years when federal policy dictates private sector support, these resources become critical. For prevention of drug abuse, concerned parents across the country have joined together to form support groups. Are these parents groups the resource that mental health professionals need? Does this new breed of parent groups want to be one of our constituencies? Are mental health professionals willing to make the necessary adjustments in attitudes, management styles, and programs to reap the benefits of these new groups? This article explores experiences of working with a few parent groups in two different areas of the country in an effort to encourage prevention professionals to strengthen collaborative ties.\n
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There are five stages of implementing Families United that happen at every level&#x2014;states, regions, communities, local organizations and even in families: \n1.Explore the Vision &#x2013; The stages helps begins moving people in the community, region or state are unaware or under-aware of the problems and possibilities in their community that could be addressed by Families United. During this phase, a small group of pioneers who are aware of the issues and vision bring information to community leaders from many walks of life that are concerned about and entrusted with the future of the area. These community leaders can then elect to join the vision and recruit others for the next bigger step.\n2.Plant Change Seeds &#x2014;The stage engages many in the community, region or state are aware of the concerns addressed by Families United. This growing group gathers data, resources and strategies related to Families United, and this growing group begin serious plans for how the area can sow the evidence-based kernel for change in the area for big change to benefit all.\n3.Prepare to Advance Change&#x2014;The stage combines intention and behavioral activities to prepare for the adoption, implementation and maintenance of the work of Families United. Communities, regions or states in this stage intend to take action soon, typically within 2-to-10 months.\n4.Act for Change&#x2014; The stage mobilizes organizations and individuals to modify and improve local behaviors, experiences, or environments for as many families as possible to adopt and to implement Families United. These actions involve overt behavioral changes and require commitment of time, money and energy from many for a focused period of time. \n5.Maintain and Grow&#x2014; The stage keeps citizens and organizations working to keep Families United productive, preventing the return to the same problems and consolidate the gains and cost-efficiencies attained during action for sustainable change. For Families United, this extends from six months to an indeterminate period beyond the launch of Families United. Typically &#x201C;boosters&#x201D; happen from time to time every year to keep the efforts salient, fresh and effective. Change grows more over time.\nThe figure below shows the five stages of implementing Families United, which combines elements of the SPF-SIG or Communities That Care model with the Stages of Change. The Families United change model is a true public-health community change model, much like what has happened years ago, addressing such things as making sure that every child had a car safety seat and/or was protected against the adverse effects of lead paint. \n\n
1.Exploring the Vision is about getting your team of early pioneers together to bring the idea and possibility for big change in your community. The early pioneers find out about the science behind Families United; form a preliminary plan; identify and share information some key individuals who might further champion the idea; and recruit an initial steering group to set the path and hold the course for all families to be united in protecting all the community&#x2019;s children for all our futures. Here are steps:\n&#x2022;Get information at www.SimpleGifts.com/familiesunited:\noRead current synopsis for the community efforts\noWatch and/or download videos\noDownload PowerPoints\noDownload handouts and read\noDownload research documentation to read, if desired.\nPotential communities are strongly urged to discuss their interest with the technical support entity (PAXIS Institute) for community implementation of Families United. Please contact Miriam@paxis.org. She will provide interface with your needs with www.SimpleGifts.com/Families.\n\n&#x2022;Share information with others who could speak up persuasively to diverse groups, entities, and leaders to create a broader commitment to plan real seeds of change in the community.\noSelect important and diverse individuals who have wisdom and skills to convene the attention of key &#x201C;movers and shakers&#x201D; in:\n&#x2663;Locally-owned businesses,\n&#x2663;National owned businesses vested in the community. \n&#x2663;Government agencies, \n&#x2663;Elected officials, \n&#x2663;Schools, higher education (if present in the community),\n&#x2663;Churches, Temples or Mosques, \n&#x2663;Advocacy groups, \n&#x2663;Neighborhood groups, \n&#x2663;Law enforcement, \n&#x2663;Medical entities, \n&#x2663;Civic organization, \n&#x2663;United Way or funders, or\n&#x2663;Local media\noMake 15 to 60-minutes presentations (depending on audience) using the materials provided, with adaptations suitable to your community and audience.\n&#x2663;Ask potential guides and advocates of Families United what they would like to see increase and decrease among the children and youth in the community.\n&#x2663;Link those answers to the goals and purposes of Families United in brief introduction.\n&#x2663;Show brief video on computer, Ipod or cell phone.\n&#x2663;Ask person(s) if they would be willing to help make Families United happen in the community.\n&#x2663;Identify needed tasks and explore other ways that people can help as part of the group of pioneers.\n&#x2663;Ask who else you should connect with to advance the goals.\n&#x2022;Find some early, strong allies (at least 6 to 12) who can now go out and repeat the vision and possibilities to others, recruiting 4-6 other people willing to commit to the core idea. Establish a tentative time to launch Families United with in 12 months or less.\n\n
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1.Planting Seeds involves three key activities in order to move closer to a success with Families United. Each of these steps is reviewed in greater detail at www.SimpleGifts.com/familiesunited. Here is a summary.\n&#x2022;Find and share some local data. Having some local data to talk about helps mobilize the community. The idea of these data is NOT to prove there is a problem. Pretty much everyone in America knows our children and youth have higher morbidity and mortality from a variety of mental, emotional and behavioral disorders than in the past and even compared to other countries. The website provide comparative data to illustrate key points, such as the burden and need for psychotropic medications among children and teens in the United States compared to other rich countries that make simple prevention tools accessible to every parent.\nHere are some key data to collect for your planting seeds, in the table below.\nTable 1: Example Data for Planting Seeds (Please See Website for Other Examples & Updates)\nDataPurposeOther Info\nChildren 3-5 in your censusNecessary for planning if doing Families United for families with 3-5 year oldsIdentify how many organized early childhood centers; in family daycare \nChildren in elementary school (census)Necessary for planning if doing Families United with elementary studentsIdentify how many schools (public, charter, private, and faith affiliated); identify multiple districts as needed\nEarly adolescents in middle school or junior high or K-8 based on censusNecessary for planning if doing Families United with early adolescentsIdentify how many schools (public, charter, private, alternative, home school, and faith affiliated); identify multiple districts as needed\nHigh-school age students based on censusNecessary for planning if doing Families United with this age groupIdentify how many schools (public, charter, private, alternative, incarcerated, home school, and faith affiliated); identify multiple districts as needed\nMonthly or quarterly juvenile arrest data by jurisdiction, in table and graph for 3-5 yearsThis is a key measure of change to reduce. Graphic monthly or quarterly over 3-5 years helps see trends and oddities of data not clear in annual numbers.Total arrests\nTickets for speeding (important proxy of dangerous impulsivity and Alcohol or Drug Use)\nAnnual or bi-annual student self-report data on ATOD or problematic behaviors\nKey dependent measure if available. \nIf non available, investigate using Pride Survey&#x2014;which is reliable, predictive, short and inexpensive with quick feedback.\nSince almost every adult in your community already knows a family with a child, teen or young adult with trouble with behavior problems, school difficulties, addictions, mental illness, trouble with the law, difficulty at work, or serious conflict with other family members, the data you gather serves several purposes beyond &#x201C;awareness of the problem&#x201D;. Common data collected in almost every community&#x2026;\n&#x25A1;Provide the baseline from which to put into a spreadsheet to estimate the possible range of benefits from successes with Families United.\n&#x25A1;Give numbers to calculate costs, resources and activities to adopt, implement and maintain Families United\n&#x25A1;Establish reference points to celebrate early wins and longer-term successes as Families United spreads in the community.\n&#x2022;Sign up partners for change. Spreading Families United is not about having to train many people in complex programs or therapeutic strategies. It is more like organizing a barn raising. Somebody has draw up the plan. Some people have to haul the wood. Some people have to cut the wood. Some people have to carry the wood. Some people have nail the wood together. Some people have to make sure people have the right tools or supplies. Some people have to feed all others, while some people have to deal with unexpected events that happen. A few people have to measure to see that the barn is being built properly and so on. This phase of effort is about getting the right people to form the backbone of the barn raising, who then recruit others to do the lion&#x2019;s share in the work to potentially engage hundreds of locations in the community.\n&#x2022;Share benefits & science of change. Families United is not per se about the problems of America affecting our children and youth. Rather, Families United is about what five Simple Gift can do as seed of change to help all our children and youth thrive. For example, these Simple Gifts could reduce the number of children who engage in binge drinking and delinquent acts by 25%&#x2014;just like the simple gift of washing our hands helps prevent the flu. There are some specific tools on the website for you presentations about planting seeds of change:\noThere will a web-based spreadsheet at www.SimpleGifts.com/FamiliesUnited for you estimate the impact of Families United on multiple outcomes, based on your scope of how many children or youth you are reaching and their ages.\noA flash-based tool that allows you print out what federal initiatives and common state or local initiatives that Families United impacts. This information helps you speak to the needs of the community and stakeholders.\n\n
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Preparing to Advance Change is the nuts and bolts download able plan that will be on the web that allows you make a concrete plan implement Families United. It is the actions in the plan that will make a real difference, and the planning focuses on actions you can make happen rather than just talking about the problem.\n&#x2022;Open doors for collaboration. The planning documents online contains sample MOUs, letters of cooperation or support, sponsorship or braided funding agreements, formula for distribution and presentations partners to families and much more based on the network of collaborating communities, regions and states.\n&#x2022;Put behavior change pieces together. Families United is not a dribble by dribble approach. Rather, Families United is more like a product launch or big community event&#x2014;reaching many people as possible in a compressed time such as 30-60 days. Families may then, of course, pursue addition support and information available from local sponsoring entities or visit www.SimpleGifts.com for additional supports, some of which are free or others that may involve evidence-based kernels beyond the scope of Families United. Putting these pieces together for planning involves:\noSelecting generic materials or specially imprinted materials with sponsors&#x2019; information or logos (an extra cost, of course).\noDeveloping a schedule and calendar of main events for Families United, to be promoted including times, places, capacity, hosts, parking, AV needs, refreshments (if planned), etc.\noDeveloping proclamations and other public norms for Families United.\noPlanning delivery of materials and supplies as well as other logistics.\noDeveloping strategies to reach families at multiple levels of risk, but not focusing as a campaign on &#x201C;those families, those children, those neighborhoods, etc.&#x201D;\noDeveloping promotion efforts and timing of announcement of the participation thermometer (like United Way&#x2019;s fundraising except for pledges).\noHaving launch events for high visibility and modeling of high-prestige people using Families United with their own children or grandchildren.\noSetting up reminders via email or other services to prompt people about their roles and responsibilities.\noEntering data to record participation and commitments\noCelebrating and reinforcing people and organizations who help each week during the efforts.\noPlanning other details such as meetings to train Captains for their mobilization efforts in their settings, organizations or neighborhoods.\n&#x2022;Mobilize captains for action. Captains have the role of mobilizing the &#x201C;troops&#x201D; in their respective fields to hold or have Family United events&#x2014;which can happen at schools, at community buildings, at faith-based organizations, at workplaces, and even in private homes. By using this type of model, the developers of Family United were able get 37%, 47% and 55% of all parents in three different communities to participate use materials that change risky behaviors predicting problems.\n\n
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1.\n\nActing for Behavior Change is the actual launch during the calendar window of Families United, such as the month of September or October. This period is filled with actual activity for as many as people as possible to learn about, adopt and use Families United, with the target age groups. During this time, a great deal of &#x201C;buzz&#x201D; happens about Families United at schools, workplaces, after school programs, children&#x2019;s sporting events, at faith-based entities and on the media, \n&#x2022;Organize school, neighborhood or other teams for behavior change. Captains do not deliver Families United directly, typically. Rather, they make sure their team members have their printed supplies, understand using the web videos and other tools need to for the team members to reach Families in their areas. Captains are coaches for Families United in the field during the play. Other partners must be very active about the publicity and promotions to make sure the word is out about where Families United events are happening.\n&#x2022;Deliver behavior change tools and events. There are materials, supplies and equipment that may need to be delivered, depending on the size of events. These have to be coordinated to assure success. The larger the community, the more complicated the logistics. When an event is finished, the participation rates of families need to be confirmed and supplied either returned to central deployment or stored for the next event in the same or nearby locations.\n&#x2022;Measure changes and shout out successes. Every day during the campaign window there will be many opportunities measure changes and celebrate successes, including rewarding and recognizing people and organizations that make successes happen such as increasing numbers of families participating. Early wins or successes might include:\noThe first neighborhood to break 25% and 50% participation rates.\noThe first business of different categories to reach 90% of all parents committed to Families United.\noThe churches, temples and mosques that have 25%, 50%, 75% and 90% or more of target families committing to Families United.\noThe schools that have 25%, 50%, 75% and 90% of parents committing to Families United.\noArchival data that would signals success could include:\n&#x2663;Reductions in teen arrests by neighborhood.\n&#x2663;Reductions in teen car crashes by neighborhood.\n\n
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1.\n\nMaintaining and Growing is the time in which community organizers continue background efforts sustain success between campaign windows. These efforts include:\n&#x2022;Improve continuously. This would include reviews of the campaign to determine what produced the most participation and engagement in actual Families United strategies. This might include debriefing and feedback on materials, activities and strategies that worked to www.SimpleGifts.com, as well as to local entities and conveners.\n&#x2022;Celebrate successes. There will be immediate successes in terms of participation rates, involvement, sponsorships, support of logistics. These must be noted and celebrated as a part of the sustainability. Testimonials from families and others must be collected and publicized when possible.\n&#x2022;Keep moving forward. Families United is a behavioral vaccine like hand-washing. People have to keep doing it. There are new kids, new challenges. Planning for the next year needs to be initiated at least 6 months beforehand.\nA Regional or State Implementation\nThere five stages of implementing Families United are fundamentally the same for large regions or states, but the five steps will have to be computed for the largest unit and the smaller units in order to work out all the elements of implementation. The reminder of the five steps or phases are:\n1.Exploring the Vision \n2.Planting Seeds\n3.Preparing to Advance Change \n4.Acting for Behavior Change\n5.Maintaining and Growing \n\n