Job analysis is the process of breaking down a job into its component tasks, duties, and responsibilities to better understand it. It is used for performance appraisal, counseling, employee safety, placement, and training. Techniques include quantitative, internet-based, labor procedure, position analysis questionnaire, interview, questionnaire, observation, and participant log. The process involves developing job descriptions and specifications, verification, analysis of representative information, and usage of background information. Job descriptions outline tasks, conditions, purpose, and standards, while specifications list minimum qualifications.