The document discusses job specifications, which are statements that define the minimum human qualities and qualifications needed to perform a particular job successfully. A job specification translates a job description into required educational background, experience, physical attributes, and special abilities. It specifies the type of person required for a role in terms of their qualifications, experience, aptitude, and other factors. The main purposes of a job specification are to help candidates determine if they are eligible for a job and to provide detailed information about job responsibilities, skills, and abilities required.