schemes for the large-scale dissemination of renewable energy technologies in developing countries. Market-based mechanisms overcome partly the limits of donor aid-projects. They build on public-private partnerships where a network of local entrepreneurs contributes to the maintenance of systems.
Solar home systems
Rural energy services companies.
Case studies: Zambia, South Africa, Bangladesh, China...
Institutional and regulatory framework
Silicon Energy Washington State Introduction PacketSilicon Energy
The document summarizes information about a solar panel company called Silicon Energy. It discusses how Silicon Energy manufactures durable solar panels with a 40+ year lifespan in Washington and Minnesota. It highlights incentives for solar installations and provides technical specifications for Silicon Energy's solar panel models. The document promotes Silicon Energy's locally-made panels as a sustainable investment that can offset energy costs.
Dnrec werner arra dba delaware abc 02 04-10 finalJim Werner
The document discusses funding provided by the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009 (ARRA) for energy efficiency and renewable energy programs in Delaware. It provides an overview of ARRA funding amounts and requirements, including prevailing wage rules. It also summarizes specific programs in Delaware that will receive ARRA funding to promote energy efficiency upgrades, weatherization assistance, and renewable energy investments. Reporting requirements are outlined for tracking spending and job creation metrics.
This document summarizes the costs and benefits of Australia's green electricity schemes, including various renewable energy sources and generation technologies. It discusses the schemes' goals of achieving resource sustainability, reducing carbon emissions, and increasing energy independence. It also provides data on the fuel sustainability, carbon intensity, construction costs, dispatch capability, and ability to change output of different generation sources like coal, natural gas, hydro, wind, and solar.
The document outlines a business plan for a personalized energy assistant software service that provides real-time energy recommendations and control to save homeowners up to 30% on electricity bills. The service would be available through a mobile app and web interface, and would generate recurring subscription revenue by partnering with solar installation companies, utility companies, and building management firms. The founders have conducted customer discovery interviews and see opportunities partnering with European markets and municipal utilities in the U.S.
Liwanag an amore program newsletter december 2012 online versionMadelline Romero
In the December issue of LIWANAG, the AMORE Program's newsletter, the program shares its strategies on sustainability of its work in the areas of rural renewable energy electrification, safe water access and multimedia-based distance education.
1) Municipal energy financing, also known as Property Assessed Clean Energy (PACE) programs, allow homeowners to finance energy improvements through assessments on their property tax bills.
2) PACE programs have faced objections from Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac due to the senior lien status of PACE assessments.
3) Solutions to overcome the objections have included lawsuits against Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac, legislation to require them to accept PACE loans, and alternatives like on-bill financing or junior lien structures.
Community solar financing models allow for increased participation in solar development among previously unaccessible sectors. This presentation features IREC's best practices review of community solar programs around the nation.
Silicon Energy Washington State Introduction PacketSilicon Energy
The document summarizes information about a solar panel company called Silicon Energy. It discusses how Silicon Energy manufactures durable solar panels with a 40+ year lifespan in Washington and Minnesota. It highlights incentives for solar installations and provides technical specifications for Silicon Energy's solar panel models. The document promotes Silicon Energy's locally-made panels as a sustainable investment that can offset energy costs.
Dnrec werner arra dba delaware abc 02 04-10 finalJim Werner
The document discusses funding provided by the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009 (ARRA) for energy efficiency and renewable energy programs in Delaware. It provides an overview of ARRA funding amounts and requirements, including prevailing wage rules. It also summarizes specific programs in Delaware that will receive ARRA funding to promote energy efficiency upgrades, weatherization assistance, and renewable energy investments. Reporting requirements are outlined for tracking spending and job creation metrics.
This document summarizes the costs and benefits of Australia's green electricity schemes, including various renewable energy sources and generation technologies. It discusses the schemes' goals of achieving resource sustainability, reducing carbon emissions, and increasing energy independence. It also provides data on the fuel sustainability, carbon intensity, construction costs, dispatch capability, and ability to change output of different generation sources like coal, natural gas, hydro, wind, and solar.
The document outlines a business plan for a personalized energy assistant software service that provides real-time energy recommendations and control to save homeowners up to 30% on electricity bills. The service would be available through a mobile app and web interface, and would generate recurring subscription revenue by partnering with solar installation companies, utility companies, and building management firms. The founders have conducted customer discovery interviews and see opportunities partnering with European markets and municipal utilities in the U.S.
Liwanag an amore program newsletter december 2012 online versionMadelline Romero
In the December issue of LIWANAG, the AMORE Program's newsletter, the program shares its strategies on sustainability of its work in the areas of rural renewable energy electrification, safe water access and multimedia-based distance education.
1) Municipal energy financing, also known as Property Assessed Clean Energy (PACE) programs, allow homeowners to finance energy improvements through assessments on their property tax bills.
2) PACE programs have faced objections from Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac due to the senior lien status of PACE assessments.
3) Solutions to overcome the objections have included lawsuits against Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac, legislation to require them to accept PACE loans, and alternatives like on-bill financing or junior lien structures.
Community solar financing models allow for increased participation in solar development among previously unaccessible sectors. This presentation features IREC's best practices review of community solar programs around the nation.
encourage conservation during peak periods,
The Smart Grid will provide operational benefits including: reducing the need for expensive new generation.
1) Optimizing asset utilization and more efficient operation by increasing use of existing Integrated voltage regulation will reduce line
production and transmission capacity with real-time data. losses. Distributed energy resources will lower
2) Enhancing reliability by reducing failure-related costs, isolating faults faster, and transmission and distribution costs. And the
enlisting distributed energy resources to help balance the system. Smart Grid’s ability to incorporate greater levels
of renewable energy will reduce carbon costs
3) Improving power quality to meet increasing digital demands and limiting the impact
1) Explain your product and value proposition in 1-2 concise sentences. Focus on how it helps homeowners save on energy costs through personalized recommendations and optimizations.
2) Highlight your business model and potential revenue streams. Emphasize partnerships with solar installers to bundle your product and a subscription-based service.
3) Share customer validation so far. Note interest from homeowners in saving energy and solar companies as potential distribution partners.
4) Request the funding amount needed and how it will be used - to further develop the product and web service, and for customer acquisition like marketing.
The document discusses Ontario's policies to consolidate investment in clean energy, electric vehicles, and smart grid technologies. It aims to diversify risk and increase the likelihood of success by integrating distributed clean electricity generation, electric vehicle infrastructure, and smart grid technologies. This includes small renewable energy plants, electric vehicle chargers, and two-way communication systems to manage electricity demand and supply.
The document proposes setting up assembling units for solar LED lights to provide lighting to rural areas lacking electricity access. It estimates that over 100,000 villages and 40% of rural households lack access to electricity and rely on kerosene for lighting. Solar LED lights provide a cleaner, healthier and more affordable alternative. The proposal discusses setting up localized assembling units that can be run as entrepreneurial businesses to produce and distribute solar LED lights, providing income opportunities and access to lighting.
The Coalition for Green Capital seeks to build a productive and sustainable clean energy economy by creating mechanisms to lower the cost of capital for clean energy projects. This will help address challenges like high upfront capital costs, low electricity demand growth in the US, and China's advantage of providing low-cost financing to its clean energy companies. The Coalition proposes establishing an Energy Investment Trust and Green Banks to provide long-term, low-cost financing similar to programs in China that have helped expand the clean energy market. Reducing financing costs could significantly lower the price of electricity from clean energy solutions.
PoleCo is a leading designer and supplier of solar and wind powered lighting systems based in Nova Scotia, Canada. They have over 20 years of experience providing renewable off-grid lighting solutions to commercial, industrial, and government clients. PoleCo's solar and wind lighting products provide reliable performance without grid connections or environmental impacts of traditional lighting, and offer the lowest total cost of ownership over the lifetime of the project. Their customized solutions are designed to meet client needs and budgets.
Rural electrification using photovoltaic: the success story of BangladeshMarufa Mithila
The document summarizes the success of rural electrification efforts in Bangladesh using solar home systems (SHS). It discusses how Infrastructure Development Company Limited (IDCOL) has installed over 1.6 million SHS reaching over 8 million people. Key points:
1. IDCOL implements an output-based aid program using 30 partner organizations to install SHS financed through loans to consumers.
2. The program offers grants and refinancing to lower costs and has achieved widespread adoption of SHS across rural Bangladesh, increasing incomes and development.
3. Over the past decade, SHS installations have grown exponentially through this public-private model, demonstrating solar can effectively provide energy access in off-grid communities.
The Massachusetts Clean Energy Center (MassCEC) provides incentives and financing for renewable energy and clean technology projects. It focuses on solar, wind, and other renewable energy sources. MassCEC offers rebates, grants, and loans to support projects at various stages from research to installation. Eligible customers include those of participating utilities. The document provides examples of public solar and wind projects MassCEC has supported and outlines the various programs and financing options available.
WPS Resources Corporation is a holding company based in Green Bay, Wisconsin that owns three subsidiary companies providing both regulated and nonregulated energy products and services. The subsidiaries are Wisconsin Public Service Corporation, a regulated electric and gas utility; WPS Energy Services, Inc., which targets retail energy sales and related nonregulated services; and WPS Power Development, Inc., which develops and owns nonregulated electric generation projects. In 1997, WPS Resources focused on strategic growth through its subsidiaries' expansion in both regulated and nonregulated energy markets in the Midwest.
This document analyzes tax credit incentives for residential solar photovoltaic (PV) installations in Hawaii. It finds that with the current state tax credits, the internal rate of return for a typical PV investment is as high as 14%. If most Hawaii households take advantage of these high returns, state tax credit expenditures could reach $1.4 billion for residential units alone. The study estimates that up to 1,100 megawatts of PV capacity could eventually be installed on single-family homes, resulting in $1.4-$2.1 billion in claimed state tax credits depending on the policy rules. It concludes that given the potential costs to the state budget, the appropriate role of state policy is to facilitate rather than directly subsid
Smart Power: the Future of Electric Utilities in the US and China, Peter Fox-...Beijing Energy Network
In the presentation Dr. Fox-Penner will be summarizing the key topics in his book, namely the shifts required in the US power grid to change from a centralized, vertically-integrated energy infrastructure to a more distributed generation infrastructure. He will cover the decarbonization of the US power sector as well as the impact of “smart grid” developments. Finally, he will contrast the US situation with that of China and talk about the impact of large amounts of renewables integration on the grid.
Let's build a smarter planet energy and utilities ejcbmarcoux
In the 1880s, Nikola Tesla invented the 3-phase 60 Hz technology still used in the North American electrical grid, which was then commercialized by George Westinghouse, who was competing with Thomas Edison.
One hundred and twenty five years later, the Smart Grid aims to solve this 19th century problem using 21st century systems. And the 21st century itself brought a new set of challenges to be met: energy efficiency, integration of distributed and renewable energy, charging of electrical vehicles, pressure on costs, environmental concerns, and consumer expectations.
This conference will define what is a Smart Grid, outline its main objectives, present how it is being deployed, and discuss some on-going technological and societal challenges that the industry is facing.
SCE's smart grid vision is to develop a more reliable, secure, efficient and environmentally friendly electric system covering production, transmission, distribution and smart use of electricity. Key drivers include growth in renewable energy, electric vehicles and distributed energy resources which are challenging the capabilities of the current grid. SCE's $1.5 billion smart grid development plan includes investments in technologies like phasor measurement, distribution automation and smart metering to help integrate renewables, support electric vehicles and empower customers. Realizing a fully functional smart grid will require continued technology advances, seamless communications infrastructure and a skilled workforce.
Schneider Electric Sustainable Developmentbdeclerc
The document discusses Schneider Electric's approach to sustainable development. It focuses on helping provide access to energy in developing nations through its BipBop program, and promoting energy efficiency in developed countries to reduce emissions. Schneider Electric aims to double energy efficiency improvements while halving carbon emissions by 2050. It organizes its sustainable development efforts around profitability, environmental and social responsibilities.
The document summarizes a seminar presented by the California Energy Commission on distributed energy resources technologies. It provides an overview of the seminar topics including definitions of distributed generation, distributed energy resources, and distributed utilities. It also discusses the characteristics and applications of different distributed energy resource technologies such as fossil fuel generation, non-fossil fuel generation, and storage technologies.
The document discusses green energy certificates and how certificate systems work. It explains that certificates represent the environmental benefits of renewable electricity generation and can be traded separately from electricity. It provides details on how certificates are issued, tracked over their lifecycle, and can be used for monitoring, labeling, and incentivizing renewable energy. The document also presents case studies of certificate systems in Europe and discusses issues like harmonization across countries and preventing double counting.
Nowadays, it is well-understood that the burning of fossil fuels in electric power station has
a significant influence on the global climate due to greenhouse gases. In many countries,
the use of cost-effective and reliable low-carbon electricity energy sources is becoming an
important energy policy. Among different kinds of clean energy resources- such as solar
power, hydro-power, ocean wave power and so on, wind power is the fastest-growing form
of renewable energy at the present time.
Moreover, adjustable speed generator wind turbines (ASGWT) has key advantages over
the fixed-speed generator wind turbines (FSGWT) in terms of less mechanical stress, improved
power quality, high system efficiency, and reduced acoustic noise. One important
class of ASGWT is the doubly-fed induction generator (DFIG), which has gained a significant
attention of the electric power industry due to their advantages over the other class
of ASGWT, i.e. fully rated converter-based wind turbines. Because of increased integration
of DFIG-based wind farms into electric power grids, it is necessary to transmit the
generated power from wind farms to the existing grids via transmission networks without
congestion.
Series capacitive compensation of DFIG-based wind farm is an economical way to increase
the power transfer capability of the transmission line connecting wind farm to the
grid. For example, a study performed by ABB reveals that increasing the power transfer
capability of an existing transmission line from 1300 MW to 2000 MW using series
compensation is 90% less than the cost of building a new transmission line.
However, a factor hindering the extensive use of series capacitive compensation is the
potential risk of sub- synchronous resonance (SSR). The SSR is a condition where the wind farm exchanges energy with the electric network, to which it is connected, at one or more
natural frequencies of the electric or mechanical part of the combined system, comprising
the wind farm and the network, and the frequency of the exchanged energy is below the
fundamental frequency of the system. This phenomenon may cause severe damage in the
wind farm, if not prevented.
Therefore, this dissertation deals with the SSR phenomena in a capacitive series compensated
wind farm. A DFIG-based wind farm, which is connected to a series compensated
transmission line, is considered as a case study. The small-signal stability analysis of the
system is presented, and the eigenvalues of the system are obtained. Using both modal
analysis and time-domain simulation, it is shown that the system is potentially unstable
due to the SSR mode.
Then, three different possibilities for the addition of SSR damping controller (SSRDC)
are investigated. The SSRDC can be added to (1) gate-controlled series capacitor (GCSC),
(2) thyristor-controlled series capacitor (TCSC), or (3) DFIG rotor-side converter (RSC)
and grid-side converter (GSC) controllers. The first and second c
The Smart Grid will provide operational benefits including:
1) Optimizing asset utilization and more efficient grid operation by increasing use of existing production and transmission capacity with real-time data.
2) Enhancing reliability by reducing failure-related costs, isolating faults rapidly, and restoring service through communication and control technologies.
3) Improving power quality to meet demands of digital loads by limiting impacts of power quality events using Smart Grid components and backup power supplies.
[Challenge:Future] Renewable Energy for the Bottom of the PyramidChallenge:Future
This document summarizes a renewable energy project in India that aims to provide electricity to unelectrified areas. The team leader's dream job is to tackle the global energy crisis through sustainable renewable energy solutions. They plan to identify and implement renewable technologies appropriate for developing areas. Their goals are to employ and train local people, use monitoring systems, and collaborate with financial institutions to support micro-businesses powered by electricity. Examples of technologies discussed include biomass, wind, solar, and tidal/ocean current installations across Asia, Africa, and South America. The impact of their work is outlined through 2040 in increasing energy access, employment, incomes and reducing emissions. The team leader's education in innovation, problem-solving, communication and experience
Course on Regulation and Sustainable Energy in Developing Countries - Session...Leonardo ENERGY
This session is the continuation of session 1, devoted to the design of schemes for the large-scale dissemination of renewable energy technologies in developing countries. Market-based mechanisms overcome partly the limits of donor aid-projects. They build on public-private partnerships where a network of local entrepreneurs contributes to the maintenance of systems.
Solar home systems
Rural energy services companies.
Case studies: Zambia, South Africa, Bangladesh, China...
Institutional and regulatory framework
Webinar - Off grid regulation - How to Provide Cost-effective and Sustainable...Leonardo ENERGY
In remote areas of developing countries, access to sustainable energy systems remains often unaffordable for inhabitants. Therefore, special energy supply models and regulatory frameworks adapted to the context of off-grid rural areas need to be implemented to support the dissemination of these systems.
This presentation explores how regulators can set a framework for cost-effective and sustainable rural energy services in remote areas. Energy supply models in rural areas can rely on various forms of ownership. Notably, it seems that a well-articulated public-private partnership can contribute to deliver cost-effective energy services.
encourage conservation during peak periods,
The Smart Grid will provide operational benefits including: reducing the need for expensive new generation.
1) Optimizing asset utilization and more efficient operation by increasing use of existing Integrated voltage regulation will reduce line
production and transmission capacity with real-time data. losses. Distributed energy resources will lower
2) Enhancing reliability by reducing failure-related costs, isolating faults faster, and transmission and distribution costs. And the
enlisting distributed energy resources to help balance the system. Smart Grid’s ability to incorporate greater levels
of renewable energy will reduce carbon costs
3) Improving power quality to meet increasing digital demands and limiting the impact
1) Explain your product and value proposition in 1-2 concise sentences. Focus on how it helps homeowners save on energy costs through personalized recommendations and optimizations.
2) Highlight your business model and potential revenue streams. Emphasize partnerships with solar installers to bundle your product and a subscription-based service.
3) Share customer validation so far. Note interest from homeowners in saving energy and solar companies as potential distribution partners.
4) Request the funding amount needed and how it will be used - to further develop the product and web service, and for customer acquisition like marketing.
The document discusses Ontario's policies to consolidate investment in clean energy, electric vehicles, and smart grid technologies. It aims to diversify risk and increase the likelihood of success by integrating distributed clean electricity generation, electric vehicle infrastructure, and smart grid technologies. This includes small renewable energy plants, electric vehicle chargers, and two-way communication systems to manage electricity demand and supply.
The document proposes setting up assembling units for solar LED lights to provide lighting to rural areas lacking electricity access. It estimates that over 100,000 villages and 40% of rural households lack access to electricity and rely on kerosene for lighting. Solar LED lights provide a cleaner, healthier and more affordable alternative. The proposal discusses setting up localized assembling units that can be run as entrepreneurial businesses to produce and distribute solar LED lights, providing income opportunities and access to lighting.
The Coalition for Green Capital seeks to build a productive and sustainable clean energy economy by creating mechanisms to lower the cost of capital for clean energy projects. This will help address challenges like high upfront capital costs, low electricity demand growth in the US, and China's advantage of providing low-cost financing to its clean energy companies. The Coalition proposes establishing an Energy Investment Trust and Green Banks to provide long-term, low-cost financing similar to programs in China that have helped expand the clean energy market. Reducing financing costs could significantly lower the price of electricity from clean energy solutions.
PoleCo is a leading designer and supplier of solar and wind powered lighting systems based in Nova Scotia, Canada. They have over 20 years of experience providing renewable off-grid lighting solutions to commercial, industrial, and government clients. PoleCo's solar and wind lighting products provide reliable performance without grid connections or environmental impacts of traditional lighting, and offer the lowest total cost of ownership over the lifetime of the project. Their customized solutions are designed to meet client needs and budgets.
Rural electrification using photovoltaic: the success story of BangladeshMarufa Mithila
The document summarizes the success of rural electrification efforts in Bangladesh using solar home systems (SHS). It discusses how Infrastructure Development Company Limited (IDCOL) has installed over 1.6 million SHS reaching over 8 million people. Key points:
1. IDCOL implements an output-based aid program using 30 partner organizations to install SHS financed through loans to consumers.
2. The program offers grants and refinancing to lower costs and has achieved widespread adoption of SHS across rural Bangladesh, increasing incomes and development.
3. Over the past decade, SHS installations have grown exponentially through this public-private model, demonstrating solar can effectively provide energy access in off-grid communities.
The Massachusetts Clean Energy Center (MassCEC) provides incentives and financing for renewable energy and clean technology projects. It focuses on solar, wind, and other renewable energy sources. MassCEC offers rebates, grants, and loans to support projects at various stages from research to installation. Eligible customers include those of participating utilities. The document provides examples of public solar and wind projects MassCEC has supported and outlines the various programs and financing options available.
WPS Resources Corporation is a holding company based in Green Bay, Wisconsin that owns three subsidiary companies providing both regulated and nonregulated energy products and services. The subsidiaries are Wisconsin Public Service Corporation, a regulated electric and gas utility; WPS Energy Services, Inc., which targets retail energy sales and related nonregulated services; and WPS Power Development, Inc., which develops and owns nonregulated electric generation projects. In 1997, WPS Resources focused on strategic growth through its subsidiaries' expansion in both regulated and nonregulated energy markets in the Midwest.
This document analyzes tax credit incentives for residential solar photovoltaic (PV) installations in Hawaii. It finds that with the current state tax credits, the internal rate of return for a typical PV investment is as high as 14%. If most Hawaii households take advantage of these high returns, state tax credit expenditures could reach $1.4 billion for residential units alone. The study estimates that up to 1,100 megawatts of PV capacity could eventually be installed on single-family homes, resulting in $1.4-$2.1 billion in claimed state tax credits depending on the policy rules. It concludes that given the potential costs to the state budget, the appropriate role of state policy is to facilitate rather than directly subsid
Smart Power: the Future of Electric Utilities in the US and China, Peter Fox-...Beijing Energy Network
In the presentation Dr. Fox-Penner will be summarizing the key topics in his book, namely the shifts required in the US power grid to change from a centralized, vertically-integrated energy infrastructure to a more distributed generation infrastructure. He will cover the decarbonization of the US power sector as well as the impact of “smart grid” developments. Finally, he will contrast the US situation with that of China and talk about the impact of large amounts of renewables integration on the grid.
Let's build a smarter planet energy and utilities ejcbmarcoux
In the 1880s, Nikola Tesla invented the 3-phase 60 Hz technology still used in the North American electrical grid, which was then commercialized by George Westinghouse, who was competing with Thomas Edison.
One hundred and twenty five years later, the Smart Grid aims to solve this 19th century problem using 21st century systems. And the 21st century itself brought a new set of challenges to be met: energy efficiency, integration of distributed and renewable energy, charging of electrical vehicles, pressure on costs, environmental concerns, and consumer expectations.
This conference will define what is a Smart Grid, outline its main objectives, present how it is being deployed, and discuss some on-going technological and societal challenges that the industry is facing.
SCE's smart grid vision is to develop a more reliable, secure, efficient and environmentally friendly electric system covering production, transmission, distribution and smart use of electricity. Key drivers include growth in renewable energy, electric vehicles and distributed energy resources which are challenging the capabilities of the current grid. SCE's $1.5 billion smart grid development plan includes investments in technologies like phasor measurement, distribution automation and smart metering to help integrate renewables, support electric vehicles and empower customers. Realizing a fully functional smart grid will require continued technology advances, seamless communications infrastructure and a skilled workforce.
Schneider Electric Sustainable Developmentbdeclerc
The document discusses Schneider Electric's approach to sustainable development. It focuses on helping provide access to energy in developing nations through its BipBop program, and promoting energy efficiency in developed countries to reduce emissions. Schneider Electric aims to double energy efficiency improvements while halving carbon emissions by 2050. It organizes its sustainable development efforts around profitability, environmental and social responsibilities.
The document summarizes a seminar presented by the California Energy Commission on distributed energy resources technologies. It provides an overview of the seminar topics including definitions of distributed generation, distributed energy resources, and distributed utilities. It also discusses the characteristics and applications of different distributed energy resource technologies such as fossil fuel generation, non-fossil fuel generation, and storage technologies.
The document discusses green energy certificates and how certificate systems work. It explains that certificates represent the environmental benefits of renewable electricity generation and can be traded separately from electricity. It provides details on how certificates are issued, tracked over their lifecycle, and can be used for monitoring, labeling, and incentivizing renewable energy. The document also presents case studies of certificate systems in Europe and discusses issues like harmonization across countries and preventing double counting.
Nowadays, it is well-understood that the burning of fossil fuels in electric power station has
a significant influence on the global climate due to greenhouse gases. In many countries,
the use of cost-effective and reliable low-carbon electricity energy sources is becoming an
important energy policy. Among different kinds of clean energy resources- such as solar
power, hydro-power, ocean wave power and so on, wind power is the fastest-growing form
of renewable energy at the present time.
Moreover, adjustable speed generator wind turbines (ASGWT) has key advantages over
the fixed-speed generator wind turbines (FSGWT) in terms of less mechanical stress, improved
power quality, high system efficiency, and reduced acoustic noise. One important
class of ASGWT is the doubly-fed induction generator (DFIG), which has gained a significant
attention of the electric power industry due to their advantages over the other class
of ASGWT, i.e. fully rated converter-based wind turbines. Because of increased integration
of DFIG-based wind farms into electric power grids, it is necessary to transmit the
generated power from wind farms to the existing grids via transmission networks without
congestion.
Series capacitive compensation of DFIG-based wind farm is an economical way to increase
the power transfer capability of the transmission line connecting wind farm to the
grid. For example, a study performed by ABB reveals that increasing the power transfer
capability of an existing transmission line from 1300 MW to 2000 MW using series
compensation is 90% less than the cost of building a new transmission line.
However, a factor hindering the extensive use of series capacitive compensation is the
potential risk of sub- synchronous resonance (SSR). The SSR is a condition where the wind farm exchanges energy with the electric network, to which it is connected, at one or more
natural frequencies of the electric or mechanical part of the combined system, comprising
the wind farm and the network, and the frequency of the exchanged energy is below the
fundamental frequency of the system. This phenomenon may cause severe damage in the
wind farm, if not prevented.
Therefore, this dissertation deals with the SSR phenomena in a capacitive series compensated
wind farm. A DFIG-based wind farm, which is connected to a series compensated
transmission line, is considered as a case study. The small-signal stability analysis of the
system is presented, and the eigenvalues of the system are obtained. Using both modal
analysis and time-domain simulation, it is shown that the system is potentially unstable
due to the SSR mode.
Then, three different possibilities for the addition of SSR damping controller (SSRDC)
are investigated. The SSRDC can be added to (1) gate-controlled series capacitor (GCSC),
(2) thyristor-controlled series capacitor (TCSC), or (3) DFIG rotor-side converter (RSC)
and grid-side converter (GSC) controllers. The first and second c
The Smart Grid will provide operational benefits including:
1) Optimizing asset utilization and more efficient grid operation by increasing use of existing production and transmission capacity with real-time data.
2) Enhancing reliability by reducing failure-related costs, isolating faults rapidly, and restoring service through communication and control technologies.
3) Improving power quality to meet demands of digital loads by limiting impacts of power quality events using Smart Grid components and backup power supplies.
[Challenge:Future] Renewable Energy for the Bottom of the PyramidChallenge:Future
This document summarizes a renewable energy project in India that aims to provide electricity to unelectrified areas. The team leader's dream job is to tackle the global energy crisis through sustainable renewable energy solutions. They plan to identify and implement renewable technologies appropriate for developing areas. Their goals are to employ and train local people, use monitoring systems, and collaborate with financial institutions to support micro-businesses powered by electricity. Examples of technologies discussed include biomass, wind, solar, and tidal/ocean current installations across Asia, Africa, and South America. The impact of their work is outlined through 2040 in increasing energy access, employment, incomes and reducing emissions. The team leader's education in innovation, problem-solving, communication and experience
Course on Regulation and Sustainable Energy in Developing Countries - Session...Leonardo ENERGY
This session is the continuation of session 1, devoted to the design of schemes for the large-scale dissemination of renewable energy technologies in developing countries. Market-based mechanisms overcome partly the limits of donor aid-projects. They build on public-private partnerships where a network of local entrepreneurs contributes to the maintenance of systems.
Solar home systems
Rural energy services companies.
Case studies: Zambia, South Africa, Bangladesh, China...
Institutional and regulatory framework
Webinar - Off grid regulation - How to Provide Cost-effective and Sustainable...Leonardo ENERGY
In remote areas of developing countries, access to sustainable energy systems remains often unaffordable for inhabitants. Therefore, special energy supply models and regulatory frameworks adapted to the context of off-grid rural areas need to be implemented to support the dissemination of these systems.
This presentation explores how regulators can set a framework for cost-effective and sustainable rural energy services in remote areas. Energy supply models in rural areas can rely on various forms of ownership. Notably, it seems that a well-articulated public-private partnership can contribute to deliver cost-effective energy services.
WEBINAR | SEP 2017 | ENERGY DEMOCRACY IN MYANMAR: SCALING UP RENEWABLE ENERG...Smart Villages
- Myanmar has over 6,000 renewable energy mini-grids powered by biomass gasifiers and micro/mini hydropower that were developed without international funding or government programs.
- These mini-grids were established by local social entrepreneurs over 30 years and power villages productively.
- The National Electrification Plan aims to expand electricity access but has overlooked these grassroots mini-grids. International partners can learn from how Myanmar's local entrepreneurs have scaled renewable energy decentralized solutions.
- Case studies show how specific mini-hydro projects were developed and financed through community contributions and ownership models to provide reliable, low-cost power to rural communities.
Course on Regulation and Sustainable Energy in Developing Countries - Session 1Leonardo ENERGY
This session is devoted to the design of schemes for the large-scale dissemination of renewable energy technologies in developing countries. Market-based mechanisms overcome partly the limits of donor aid-projects. They build on public-private partnerships where a network of local entrepreneurs contributes to the maintenance of systems.
The example of solar home systems will be explained. Even if there are in many instances in parity with fossil fuels, small photovoltaic systems remain unaffordable for the majority of rural inhabitants without proper financial support mechanisms. But in the most active countries, the number of systems disseminated is now in the range of several ten thousands to several hundred thousands systems, thanks to the implementation of rural energy services companies.
Recent technological innovation could contribute to the acceleration of the diffusion of solar photovoltaic. The innovation introduced by the massive diffusion of mobile phones in developing countries tends simultaneously to create new markets for small photovoltaic systems and could improve the conditions for the diffusion of these systems by facilitating the daily management of these systems by rural energy services companies. Furthermore, Light Emitting Diodes (LED) technology opens new perspectives of self-sustained market diffusion.
The implementation of small rural energy services companies can also help to disseminate a wider range of products: LPG, cookstoves, biodigesters... New practices from rural energy providers tend to target more precisely the demand of end-users by combining the offer of photovoltaic systems with a variety of technologies to satisfy other energy needs than basic lighting in rural areas.
Concrete case studies from the dissemination of different renewable energy technologies in developing countries will be presented, notably in Zambia, South Africa, Bangladesh, China...
It will conclude with the institutional and regulatory framework that needs to be implemented to help rural energy services companies to thrive even in the most remote areas of developing countries.
Course on Regulation and Sustainable Energy in Developing Countries - Session...Leonardo ENERGY
This session is devoted to the design of schemes for the large-scale dissemination of renewable energy technologies in developing countries. Market-based mechanisms overcome partly the limits of donor aid-projects. They build on public-private partnerships where a network of local entrepreneurs contributes to the maintenance of systems.
The example of solar home systems will be explained. Even if there are in many instances in parity with fossil fuels, small photovoltaic systems remain unaffordable for the majority of rural inhabitants without proper financial support mechanisms. But in the most active countries, the number of systems disseminated is now in the range of several ten thousands to several hundred thousands systems, thanks to the implementation of rural energy services companies.
Recent technological innovation could contribute to the acceleration of the diffusion of solar photovoltaic. The innovation introduced by the massive diffusion of mobile phones in developing countries tends simultaneously to create new markets for small photovoltaic systems and could improve the conditions for the diffusion of these systems by facilitating the daily management of these systems by rural energy services companies. Furthermore, Light Emitting Diodes (LED) technology opens new perspectives of self-sustained market diffusion.
The implementation of small rural energy services companies can also help to disseminate a wider range of products: LPG, cookstoves, biodigesters... New practices from rural energy providers tend to target more precisely the demand of end-users by combining the offer of photovoltaic systems with a variety of technologies to satisfy other energy needs than basic lighting in rural areas.
Concrete case studies from the dissemination of different renewable energy technologies in developing countries will be presented, notably in Zambia, South Africa, Bangladesh, China...
It will conclude with the institutional and regulatory framework that needs to be implemented to help rural energy services companies to thrive even in the most remote areas of developing countries.
1. The document discusses the role microfinance institutions (MFIs) can play in providing energy services to underserved populations. It notes that about 1.7 billion people lack access to electricity and 2.4 billion rely on biomass for cooking and heating.
2. MFIs are well positioned to provide energy loans due to their existing distribution networks, client base, and experience with lending. However, only a small fraction of MFI clients currently have access to energy loans.
3. The document outlines various clean energy technologies like solar lanterns, biomass systems, and efficient cookstoves that could meet energy needs of rural populations. It also discusses factors MFIs should consider and different business
1) The document discusses strategies for embedding distributed energy resources like solar PV and battery storage into new property developments in African cities to create localized, low-carbon energy systems.
2) Rapid urbanization and infrastructure deficits in African cities create an opportunity to develop integrated energy and property projects. Distributed energy is now economically competitive with traditional electricity sources and prices are continuing to decline with innovation and deployment.
3) Case studies from around the world demonstrate how new developments can become "energy hubs" generating multiple revenue streams from local energy sales, demand response, and other services. However, barriers like risk aversion in the property sector and lack of suitable financing products must still be addressed.
Ghana | May-16 | Off-grid energy opportunities in West AfricaSmart Villages
The document discusses opportunities for off-grid energy in West Africa. It estimates that 530 million Africans will still live off-grid by 2040, though grid access will reach 950 million. Currently, people living off-grid spend an estimated $17 billion annually on energy sources like kerosene, batteries, candles, and phone charging. The majority have a daily income of less than $2. Mini-grids and expanding access to solar products present opportunities to provide power to rural populations, though enabling policies and investment are needed to develop off-grid energy markets.
Community Solar: Overview of an Emerging Growth MarketScottMadden, Inc.
Community solar allows multiple customers to purchase portions of solar energy generated by a single larger-scale off-site solar facility. It combines the environmental benefits of rooftop solar with the lower costs of utility-scale projects. While community solar is growing rapidly, there is no standard model and programs vary significantly by state in terms of ownership structures, payment options, and other design elements. The top community solar states driving industry growth are Colorado, California, Minnesota, and Massachusetts, where supportive public policies have accelerated adoption.
The Clean Energy Collective aims to accelerate clean energy adoption through community-owned renewable energy facilities. It develops and manages these facilities in partnership with utilities to provide lower-cost, higher-producing clean energy solutions for customers. Customers can purchase ownership shares starting at $500 to receive credits on their utility bills for the power generated. This approach lowers barriers to entry, expands clean energy availability, and allows maximum production through optimized facility siting and long-term maintenance by the Collective.
To date, most green construction has been geared to commercial structures or affordable housing. An overlooked niche is market-rate single-family homes. While buyers are beginning to ask for green homes or are remodeling existing homes with green features, this type of construction is often overlooked due to economic feasibility. We explore issues relating to making green housing affordable. Even if building a completely green house is not economically feasible, incorporating green elements (materials, site planning, energy rebates) into the project is almost always possible and can help the environment.
The Alternative Energy Development Corporation provides innovative fuel-cell technology to empower non-grid communities in South Africa and neighboring countries. Their low-cost zinc air fuel cells generate renewable energy 24/7 at a lower monthly cost than candles or paraffin, improving quality of life. Over 4,600 community members now benefit from access to clean energy through this solution.
Cambridge | Jan-16 | Business models in practice: off-grid RE success stories...Smart Villages
David Lecoque
The Business and Financial Models Workshop was held in Cambridge in January 2016. The workshop invited participants from business, academia and NGOs to address the following questions:
o It is generally considered that private enterprises and independent power producers have a key role to play in bringing sustainable energy-enabled businesses to un-served rural communities.
o What are the main opportunities and challenges in establishing viable business and financial models for these organisations, and what innovative approaches are emerging to meet these challenges?
o What support can governments and development agencies usefully provide?
More info: http://e4sv.org/events/smart-villages-in-developing-countries-business-and-financial-models-workshop/
Lobel Solar Power System is committed to serve energy industry with innovative approaches to renewable energy generation – smart, sustainable, reliable and efficient. By combining the power of distributed solar energy solutions with smart grid technology we create a unique product for the utility market.
Lobel solar power system is designed with advanced technology by creating a completely new energy value chain that links renewable and traditional power generation to improve reliability, reduce pollution, and enhance utilization.
Lobel Solar are known for handling high quality solar panels system to meet the needs of everyone. These solar panels systems are also quite affordable and make solar energy very appealing in every way.
Now get a solar power system just to reap of its wonderful benefits personally. The release of the very new Lobel+ Home Series is beating its own outstanding record and this means that a lot more people in Gujarat will be able to afford getting a solar power system for their homes to escape high cost of electricity bills.
Whenever the cost of electricity goes up, a person’s disposable income goes down, and now is the time to take back control of your energy demands. We are able to give customers all that they do need and what they are seeking. People want a working solution for their going up energy bills. The answer to this issue is to get a Lobel solar PV system installed for your residence or business. . Therefore, do contact us, if you are seeking a solution to your expensive electricity bills. The Lobel+ Home Series is a much better deal than just getting regular standard solar power panels.
LABC Solar Fit 4 LA presentation to MVCCSherri Akers
The LABC has made this presentation to the MVCC Green Committee and the following motion will be presented to the MVCC Board on Tuesday night Sept 14th.
The Mar Vista Community Council would like to extend our support to the Los Angeles Business
Council/UCLA’s proposed 600 MW Feed-in Tariff (FiT) program for the City of Los Angeles. We agree that the LABC/UCLA proposed program is an important step that our city can take right now to promote renewable energy in Los Angeles.
The LABC/UCLA Solar FiT program has already attracted the strong support of organizations
representing business, labor, the environment and numerous communities from around the city. We are pleased to join this extensive coalition of supporters because we believe the program offers great environmental and economic benefits for Los Angeles and its residents.
The document provides background information on a case study by Energy for Development (E4D) to establish a sustainable off-grid electrification project in Kitonyoni, Kenya using solar photovoltaic technology. E4D recognizes that many previous rural electrification projects have failed due to a lack of a business model to generate ongoing revenues and sustain the systems. The case study aims to design an efficient PV system, sustainable revenue model, and financing plan to overcome issues of access and governance that typically challenge rural electrification. It provides context on Kitonyoni's population and energy needs, as well as the challenges of rural electrification in developing countries related to access, affordability, and financial sustainability.
This document provides information about solar power development in India. It summarizes the participant's background working for Northern Power Distribution Company of Andhra Pradesh. It then outlines India's electricity tariffs by consumer category and reasons for pursuing solar power. Key policies and acts related to renewable energy in India are mentioned. Subsidy structures, energy consumption breakdown, and goals of the National Solar Mission are summarized. Major solar companies and training institutions in India are listed, as are current capacity figures and challenges/opportunities for solar development.
This document discusses renewable energy solutions for East Africa, specifically Kenya. It finds that renewable energy is more economical than conventional power for small-scale off-grid generation. Kenya currently relies heavily on hydro power but production is inconsistent. Distribution of power is also limited, with only 0.5-5% of rural areas having access. The document evaluates solar and wind power options and finds integrated wind/solar systems could provide an ideal solution. However, several gaps currently limit renewable energy adoption, including affordability, expertise, access to credit, and logistical challenges. The document proposes that WindGen could help solve these challenges through domestic manufacturing of small wind turbines and providing a one-stop-shop for integrated renewable energy systems, components
Similar to Course on Regulation and Sustainable Energy in Developing Countries - Session 2 (20)
A new generation of instruments and tools to monitor buildings performanceLeonardo ENERGY
What is the added value of monitoring the flexibility, comfort, and well-being of a building? How can occupants be better informed about the performance of their building? And how to optimize a building's maintenance?
The slides were presented during a webinar and roundtable with a focus on a new generation of instruments and tools to monitor buildings' performance, and their link with the Smart Readiness Indicator (SRI) for buildings as introduced in the EU's Energy Performance of Buildings Directive (EPBD).
Link to the recordings: https://youtu.be/ZCFhmldvRA0
Addressing the Energy Efficiency First Principle in a National Energy and Cli...Leonardo ENERGY
When designing energy and climate policies, EU Member States have to apply the Energy Efficiency First Principle: priority should be given to measures reducing energy consumption before other decarbonization interventions are adopted. This webinar summarizes elements of the energy and climate policy of Cyprus illustrating how national authorities have addressed this principle so far, and outline challenges towards its much more rigorous implementation that is required in the coming years.
Auctions for energy efficiency and the experience of renewablesLeonardo ENERGY
Auctions are an emerging market-based policy instrument to promote energy efficiency that has started to gain traction in the EU and worldwide. This presentation provides an overview and comparison of several energy efficiency auctions and derives conclusions on the effects of design elements based on auction theory and on experiences of renewable energy auctions. We include examples from energy efficiency auctions in Brazil, Canada, Germany, Portugal, Switzerland, Taiwan, UK, and US.
A recording of this presentation can be viewed at:
https://youtu.be/aC0h4cXI9Ug
Energy efficiency first – retrofitting the building stock finalLeonardo ENERGY
Retrofitting the building stock is a challenging undertaking in many respects - including costs. Can it nevertheless qualify as a measure under the Energy Efficiency First principle? Which methods can be applied for the assessment and what are the results in terms of the cost-effectiveness of retrofitting the entire residential building stock? How do the results differ for minimization of energy use, CO2 emissions and costs? And which policy conclusions can be drawn?
This presentation was used during the 18th webinar in the Odyssee-Mure on Energy Efficiency Academy on February 3, 2022.
A link to the recording: https://youtu.be/4pw_9hpA_64
How auction design affects the financing of renewable energy projects Leonardo ENERGY
Recording available at https://youtu.be/lPT1o735kOk
Renewable energy auctions might affect the financing of renewable energy (RE) projects. This webinar presents the results of the AURES II project exploring this topic. It discusses how auction designs ranging from bid bonds to penalties and remuneration schemes impact financing and discusses creating a low-risk auction support framework.
This presentation discusses the contribution of Energy Efficiency Funds to the financing of energy efficiency in Europe. The analysis is based on the MURE database on energy efficiency policies. As an example, the German Energy Efficiency Fund is described in more detail.
This is the 17th webinar in the Odyssee-Mure on Energy Efficiency Academy.
Recordings are available on: https://youtu.be/KIewOQCgQWQ
(see updated version of this presentation:
https://www.slideshare.net/sustenergy/energy-efficiency-funds-in-europe-updated)
The Energy Efficiency First Principle is a key pillar of the European Green Deal. A prerequisite for its widespread application is to secure financing for energy efficiency investments.
This presentation discusses the contribution of Energy Efficiency Funds to the financing of energy efficiency in Europe. The analysis is based on the MURE database on energy efficiency policies. As an example, the German Energy Efficiency Fund is described in more detail.
This is the 17th webinar in the Odyssee-Mure on Energy Efficiency Academy.
Recordings are available on: https://youtu.be/KIewOQCgQWQ
Five actions fit for 55: streamlining energy savings calculationsLeonardo ENERGY
During the first year of the H2020 project streamSAVE, multiple activities were organized to support countries in developing savings estimations under Art.3 and Art.7 of the Energy Efficiency Directive (EED).
A fascinating output of the project so far is the “Guidance on Standardized saving methodologies (energy, CO2 and costs)” for a first round of five so-called Priority Actions. This Guidance will assist EU member states in more accurately calculating savings for a set of new energy efficiency actions.
This webinar presents this Guidance and other project findings to the broader community, including industry and markets.
AGENDA
14:00 Introduction to streamSAVE
(Nele Renders, Project Coordinator)
14:10 Views from the EU Commission and the link with Fit-for-55 (Anne-Katherina Weidenbach, DG ENER)
14:20 The streamSAVE guidance and its platform illustrated (Elisabeth Böck, AEA)
14:55 A view from industry: What is the added value of streamSAVE (standardized) methods in frame of the EED (Conor Molloy, AEMS ECOfleet)
14:55 Country experiences: the added value of standardized methods (Elena Allegrini, ENEA, Italy)
The recordings of the webinar can be found on https://youtu.be/eUht10cUK1o
This webinar analyses energy efficiency trends in the EU for the period 2014-2019 and the impact of COVID-19 in 2020 (based on estimates from Enerdata).
The speakers present the overall trend in total energy supply and in final energy consumption, as well as details by sector, alongside macro-economic data. They will explain the main drivers of the variation in energy consumption since 2014 and determine the impact of energy savings.
Speakers:
Laura Sudries, Senior Energy Efficiency Analyst, Enerdata
Bruno Lapillonne, Scientific Director, Enerdata
The recordings of the presentation (webinar) can be viewed at:
https://youtu.be/8RuK5MroTxk
Energy and mobility poverty: Will the Social Climate Fund be enough to delive...Leonardo ENERGY
Prior to the current soaring energy prices across Europe, the European Commission proposed, as part of the FitFor55 climate and energy package, the EU Social Climate Fund to mitigate the expected social impact of extending the EU ETS to transport and heating.
The report presented in this webinar provides an update of the European Energy Poverty Index, published for the first time in 2019, which shows the combined effect of energy and mobility poverty across Member States. Beyond the regular update of the index, the report provides analysis of the existing EU policy framework related to energy and transport poverty. France is used as a case study given the “yellow vest” movement, which was triggered by the proposed carbon tax on fuels.
Watch the recordings of the webinar:
https://youtu.be/i1Jdd3H05t0
Does the EU Emission Trading Scheme ETS Promote Energy Efficiency?Leonardo ENERGY
This policy brief analyzes the main interacting mechanisms between the Energy Efficiency Directive (EED) and the EU Emission Trading Scheme (ETS). It presents a detailed top-down approach, based on the ODYSSEE energy indicators, to identify energy savings from the EU ETS.
The main task consists in isolating those factors that contribute to the change in energy consumption of industrial branches covered by the EU ETS, and the energy transformation sector (mainly the electricity sector).
Speaker:
Wolfgang Eichhammer (Head of the Competence Center Energy Policy and Energy Markets @Fraunhofer Institute for Systems and Innovation Research ISI)
The recordings of this webinar can be watched via:
https://youtu.be/TS6PxIvtaKY
Energy efficiency, structural change and energy savings in the manufacturing ...Leonardo ENERGY
- Structural changes in manufacturing have significantly reduced energy consumption in Denmark since 1990 through growth in lower intensity sectors like food production.
- Energy efficiency improvements also contributed, especially from 2010-2014, lowering consumption alongside structural changes.
- A decomposition analysis found that decreases in consumption from 2006-2014 were mainly from structural effects in the first half, and efficiency gains in the latter half.
- Reported energy savings from Denmark's energy efficiency obligation scheme align with estimated efficiency improvements, though some autonomous gains likely occurred too.
Energy Sufficiency Indicators and Policies (Lea Gynther, Motiva)Leonardo ENERGY
This policy brief looks at questions ‘how to measure energy sufficiency’, ‘which policies and measures can be used to address energy sufficiency’ and ‘how they are used in Europe today’.
Energy sufficiency refers to a situation where everyone has access to the energy services they need, whilst the impacts of the energy system do not exceed environmental limits. The level of ambition needed to address energy sufficiency is higher than in the case of energy efficiency.
This is the 13th edition of the Odyssee-Mure on Energy Efficiency Academy, and number 519 in the Leonardo ENERGY series. The recording of the live presentation can be found on https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jEAdYbI0wDI&list=PLUFRNkTrB5O_V155aGXfZ4b3R0fvT7sKz
The Super-efficient Equipment and Appliance Deployment (SEAD) Initiative Prod...Leonardo ENERGY
The Super-efficient Equipment and Appliance Deployment (SEAD) Initiative Product Efficiency Call to Action, by Melanie Slade - IEA and Nicholas Jeffrey - UK BEIS
Breuckmann eMobility GmbH develops innovative rotor casting technology called Zero Porosity Rotor (ZPR) for electric vehicle induction motors. ZPR uses laminar squeeze casting to produce rotors with zero porosity, allowing for superior mechanical properties, higher electrical conductivity, and maximum process stability compared to industry standard rotors. Key advantages of ZPR rotors include up to 12.5% higher maximum rotational speed, 35% higher electrical conductivity, and ability to withstand 25% higher circumferential bursting speeds. Breuckmann has partnerships for motor testing, slot geometry design, and received EU funding to develop high-speed motor concepts using its ZPR technology.
dynamic E flow GmbH provides high-tech electric machines and solutions for extreme applications. Their capcooltech® motor features direct winding cooling that enables current densities up to 100A/mm2 and overload capacities. Testing shows the capcooltech® design maintains temperatures 40°C lower and heats 10 times faster than conventional cooling. The direct cooling test bench demonstrates capcooltech® motors can achieve maximum power density, temperature resistance, precision, and dynamics even in harsh conditions like vacuum or high temperatures.
The need for an updated European Motor Study - key findings from the 2021 US...Leonardo ENERGY
The document calls for an updated assessment of the electric motor system market in Europe, as the existing data is over 20 years old. It notes several changes in the market since then, including new efficient motor technologies, lower costs for power electronics, and increased digitization. The document highlights findings from a recent 2021 US motor study, which found motors to be older than previously estimated and significant improvements in load factors and variable speed drive penetration compared to past studies. It concludes that a new comprehensive assessment is needed to identify large potential electricity savings and inform policies to accelerate market transformation.
Efficient motor systems for a Net Zero world, by Conrad U. Brunner - Impact E...Leonardo ENERGY
1) The document discusses the need for efficient electric motor systems to achieve net-zero emissions by 2050, as electricity will be the main energy supplier without fossil fuels or nuclear.
2) It provides examples of how industry can achieve efficiency savings of 50-70% through measures like downsizing components, direct drive systems, and load control.
3) A case study shows how converting an oversized 10kW system to a smaller, variable speed, direct drive setup with efficient components achieves 82% energy savings and a payback period of just one year.
Essentials of Automations: The Art of Triggers and Actions in FMESafe Software
In this second installment of our Essentials of Automations webinar series, we’ll explore the landscape of triggers and actions, guiding you through the nuances of authoring and adapting workspaces for seamless automations. Gain an understanding of the full spectrum of triggers and actions available in FME, empowering you to enhance your workspaces for efficient automation.
We’ll kick things off by showcasing the most commonly used event-based triggers, introducing you to various automation workflows like manual triggers, schedules, directory watchers, and more. Plus, see how these elements play out in real scenarios.
Whether you’re tweaking your current setup or building from the ground up, this session will arm you with the tools and insights needed to transform your FME usage into a powerhouse of productivity. Join us to discover effective strategies that simplify complex processes, enhancing your productivity and transforming your data management practices with FME. Let’s turn complexity into clarity and make your workspaces work wonders!
UiPath Test Automation using UiPath Test Suite series, part 6DianaGray10
Welcome to UiPath Test Automation using UiPath Test Suite series part 6. In this session, we will cover Test Automation with generative AI and Open AI.
UiPath Test Automation with generative AI and Open AI webinar offers an in-depth exploration of leveraging cutting-edge technologies for test automation within the UiPath platform. Attendees will delve into the integration of generative AI, a test automation solution, with Open AI advanced natural language processing capabilities.
Throughout the session, participants will discover how this synergy empowers testers to automate repetitive tasks, enhance testing accuracy, and expedite the software testing life cycle. Topics covered include the seamless integration process, practical use cases, and the benefits of harnessing AI-driven automation for UiPath testing initiatives. By attending this webinar, testers, and automation professionals can gain valuable insights into harnessing the power of AI to optimize their test automation workflows within the UiPath ecosystem, ultimately driving efficiency and quality in software development processes.
What will you get from this session?
1. Insights into integrating generative AI.
2. Understanding how this integration enhances test automation within the UiPath platform
3. Practical demonstrations
4. Exploration of real-world use cases illustrating the benefits of AI-driven test automation for UiPath
Topics covered:
What is generative AI
Test Automation with generative AI and Open AI.
UiPath integration with generative AI
Speaker:
Deepak Rai, Automation Practice Lead, Boundaryless Group and UiPath MVP
Your One-Stop Shop for Python Success: Top 10 US Python Development Providersakankshawande
Simplify your search for a reliable Python development partner! This list presents the top 10 trusted US providers offering comprehensive Python development services, ensuring your project's success from conception to completion.
HCL Notes and Domino License Cost Reduction in the World of DLAUpanagenda
Webinar Recording: https://www.panagenda.com/webinars/hcl-notes-and-domino-license-cost-reduction-in-the-world-of-dlau/
The introduction of DLAU and the CCB & CCX licensing model caused quite a stir in the HCL community. As a Notes and Domino customer, you may have faced challenges with unexpected user counts and license costs. You probably have questions on how this new licensing approach works and how to benefit from it. Most importantly, you likely have budget constraints and want to save money where possible. Don’t worry, we can help with all of this!
We’ll show you how to fix common misconfigurations that cause higher-than-expected user counts, and how to identify accounts which you can deactivate to save money. There are also frequent patterns that can cause unnecessary cost, like using a person document instead of a mail-in for shared mailboxes. We’ll provide examples and solutions for those as well. And naturally we’ll explain the new licensing model.
Join HCL Ambassador Marc Thomas in this webinar with a special guest appearance from Franz Walder. It will give you the tools and know-how to stay on top of what is going on with Domino licensing. You will be able lower your cost through an optimized configuration and keep it low going forward.
These topics will be covered
- Reducing license cost by finding and fixing misconfigurations and superfluous accounts
- How do CCB and CCX licenses really work?
- Understanding the DLAU tool and how to best utilize it
- Tips for common problem areas, like team mailboxes, functional/test users, etc
- Practical examples and best practices to implement right away
In his public lecture, Christian Timmerer provides insights into the fascinating history of video streaming, starting from its humble beginnings before YouTube to the groundbreaking technologies that now dominate platforms like Netflix and ORF ON. Timmerer also presents provocative contributions of his own that have significantly influenced the industry. He concludes by looking at future challenges and invites the audience to join in a discussion.
Things to Consider When Choosing a Website Developer for your Website | FODUUFODUU
Choosing the right website developer is crucial for your business. This article covers essential factors to consider, including experience, portfolio, technical skills, communication, pricing, reputation & reviews, cost and budget considerations and post-launch support. Make an informed decision to ensure your website meets your business goals.
Removing Uninteresting Bytes in Software FuzzingAftab Hussain
Imagine a world where software fuzzing, the process of mutating bytes in test seeds to uncover hidden and erroneous program behaviors, becomes faster and more effective. A lot depends on the initial seeds, which can significantly dictate the trajectory of a fuzzing campaign, particularly in terms of how long it takes to uncover interesting behaviour in your code. We introduce DIAR, a technique designed to speedup fuzzing campaigns by pinpointing and eliminating those uninteresting bytes in the seeds. Picture this: instead of wasting valuable resources on meaningless mutations in large, bloated seeds, DIAR removes the unnecessary bytes, streamlining the entire process.
In this work, we equipped AFL, a popular fuzzer, with DIAR and examined two critical Linux libraries -- Libxml's xmllint, a tool for parsing xml documents, and Binutil's readelf, an essential debugging and security analysis command-line tool used to display detailed information about ELF (Executable and Linkable Format). Our preliminary results show that AFL+DIAR does not only discover new paths more quickly but also achieves higher coverage overall. This work thus showcases how starting with lean and optimized seeds can lead to faster, more comprehensive fuzzing campaigns -- and DIAR helps you find such seeds.
- These are slides of the talk given at IEEE International Conference on Software Testing Verification and Validation Workshop, ICSTW 2022.
Full-RAG: A modern architecture for hyper-personalizationZilliz
Mike Del Balso, CEO & Co-Founder at Tecton, presents "Full RAG," a novel approach to AI recommendation systems, aiming to push beyond the limitations of traditional models through a deep integration of contextual insights and real-time data, leveraging the Retrieval-Augmented Generation architecture. This talk will outline Full RAG's potential to significantly enhance personalization, address engineering challenges such as data management and model training, and introduce data enrichment with reranking as a key solution. Attendees will gain crucial insights into the importance of hyperpersonalization in AI, the capabilities of Full RAG for advanced personalization, and strategies for managing complex data integrations for deploying cutting-edge AI solutions.
Ivanti’s Patch Tuesday breakdown goes beyond patching your applications and brings you the intelligence and guidance needed to prioritize where to focus your attention first. Catch early analysis on our Ivanti blog, then join industry expert Chris Goettl for the Patch Tuesday Webinar Event. There we’ll do a deep dive into each of the bulletins and give guidance on the risks associated with the newly-identified vulnerabilities.
Building Production Ready Search Pipelines with Spark and MilvusZilliz
Spark is the widely used ETL tool for processing, indexing and ingesting data to serving stack for search. Milvus is the production-ready open-source vector database. In this talk we will show how to use Spark to process unstructured data to extract vector representations, and push the vectors to Milvus vector database for search serving.
Let's Integrate MuleSoft RPA, COMPOSER, APM with AWS IDP along with Slackshyamraj55
Discover the seamless integration of RPA (Robotic Process Automation), COMPOSER, and APM with AWS IDP enhanced with Slack notifications. Explore how these technologies converge to streamline workflows, optimize performance, and ensure secure access, all while leveraging the power of AWS IDP and real-time communication via Slack notifications.
For the full video of this presentation, please visit: https://www.edge-ai-vision.com/2024/06/building-and-scaling-ai-applications-with-the-nx-ai-manager-a-presentation-from-network-optix/
Robin van Emden, Senior Director of Data Science at Network Optix, presents the “Building and Scaling AI Applications with the Nx AI Manager,” tutorial at the May 2024 Embedded Vision Summit.
In this presentation, van Emden covers the basics of scaling edge AI solutions using the Nx tool kit. He emphasizes the process of developing AI models and deploying them globally. He also showcases the conversion of AI models and the creation of effective edge AI pipelines, with a focus on pre-processing, model conversion, selecting the appropriate inference engine for the target hardware and post-processing.
van Emden shows how Nx can simplify the developer’s life and facilitate a rapid transition from concept to production-ready applications.He provides valuable insights into developing scalable and efficient edge AI solutions, with a strong focus on practical implementation.
Unlocking Productivity: Leveraging the Potential of Copilot in Microsoft 365, a presentation by Christoforos Vlachos, Senior Solutions Manager – Modern Workplace, Uni Systems
Programming Foundation Models with DSPy - Meetup SlidesZilliz
Prompting language models is hard, while programming language models is easy. In this talk, I will discuss the state-of-the-art framework DSPy for programming foundation models with its powerful optimizers and runtime constraint system.
OpenID AuthZEN Interop Read Out - AuthorizationDavid Brossard
During Identiverse 2024 and EIC 2024, members of the OpenID AuthZEN WG got together and demoed their authorization endpoints conforming to the AuthZEN API
Taking AI to the Next Level in Manufacturing.pdfssuserfac0301
Read Taking AI to the Next Level in Manufacturing to gain insights on AI adoption in the manufacturing industry, such as:
1. How quickly AI is being implemented in manufacturing.
2. Which barriers stand in the way of AI adoption.
3. How data quality and governance form the backbone of AI.
4. Organizational processes and structures that may inhibit effective AI adoption.
6. Ideas and approaches to help build your organization's AI strategy.
AI 101: An Introduction to the Basics and Impact of Artificial IntelligenceIndexBug
Imagine a world where machines not only perform tasks but also learn, adapt, and make decisions. This is the promise of Artificial Intelligence (AI), a technology that's not just enhancing our lives but revolutionizing entire industries.
Have you ever been confused by the myriad of choices offered by AWS for hosting a website or an API?
Lambda, Elastic Beanstalk, Lightsail, Amplify, S3 (and more!) can each host websites + APIs. But which one should we choose?
Which one is cheapest? Which one is fastest? Which one will scale to meet our needs?
Join me in this session as we dive into each AWS hosting service to determine which one is best for your scenario and explain why!
Choosing The Best AWS Service For Your Website + API.pptx
Course on Regulation and Sustainable Energy in Developing Countries - Session 2
1. Delivery mechanisms for Rural Energy Services
with Renewable Energies in Developing Countries
Selected case studies
Leonardo Webinar 8th December 2011
Dr Xavier LEMAIRE, Research Associate
Sustainable Energy Regulation Network - REEEP
University College London – Energy Institute
Course on Regulation and Sustainable Energy in Developing Countries – session 2
2. Summary
1. Cases of large-scale dissemination of photovoltaic systems
Fee-for service rural concessions
Small companies: Zambia
Large concessions: South Africa
Micro-credit schemes
Indonesia
Bangladesh
Non-regulated market in Kenya
2. Cases of large-scale dissemination of RET in China
Bio-digesters
Mini-hydro
Small wind
3. Criteria selection of case studies
Decentralised generation with RET
Large-scale dissemination
Several hundreds to ten thousands units (small wind generators, mini-hydro)
Ten thousands to several hundred thousands or even million units (bio-digesters or
solar home systems)
Market-driven approach
Market for installation
Number of systems disseminated justify local installers
And even the implementation of local manufacturers
Market for maintenance
End-users pay for maintenance contract
Enable small operators in rural areas to run an energy business
Public organisations / State
Subsidy / Capacity building
Create an enabling environment
4. Large-scale dissemination of PV systems
1. Cases of large-scale dissemination of photovoltaic systems
Fee-for service rural concessions
Small companies: Zambia
Large concessions: South Africa
Micro-credit schemes
Indonesia
Bangladesh
Non-regulated market in Kenya
2. Cases of large-scale dissemination of RET in China
Bio-digesters
Mini–hydro
Small wind
5. Large-scale dissemination of solar home systems
Regulated rural energy services concessions (regulation / price + quality)
“fee for service model”
South Africa (currently 34,000+), Zambia, Uganda, Ghana, Benin, Togo, Cap
Verde, Morocco (80,000+), Argentina (70,000+), Peru, Bolivia, Kiribati, Fiji, ,…
(Un)regulated competitive private sector (regulation / quality)
“dealer sales model”
Micro-credit: Indonesia, Bangladesh, Sri Lanka, China, Vietnam, India, The
Philippines,…
Cash sale: Kenya (200,000+)
Other variants: leasing (=hire-purchase)
TOTAL world wide 2,400,000+ / 3.000,000 households?
6. Fee-for service scheme vs. micro-credit scheme
Fee-for service scheme Micro-credit scheme
International funding International funding
Soft loan or grant Soft loan or grant
Government Government
Loan or capital grant Loan or capital grant
Energy service companies Micro-finance institutions Energy service companies
Install and maintain SHS
Provide a credit Install and maintain SHS
Monthly fee
Reimburse credit
End-users End-users
Source: X. Lemaire, 2011
7. Fee for service – Utility model (“(R)ESCOs”)
1. Government give a subsidy to an enterprise to buy PV solar
systems & install them in the houses of their clients
2. Clients pay a monthly fee to get the small utility to maintain the PV
solar systems for them.
This kind of scheme helps to solve the question of up front cost
and the question of maintenance (unlike a simple loan).
It helps also to:
- centralise decisions and aggregate environmental benefits of
individual systems (bulk purchase, climate funding)
- facilitate enforcement of standards and codes of practices
therefore lower costs of systems for users.
8. Photovoltaic ESCOs in Zambia (1)
1. Energy Service Companies are small existing local enterprises
selected in 1998 and staff trained
2. Government gave a loan to the ESCOs and bought SHS
3. ESCOs installed & maintain SHS in the houses of their clients
4. Clients pay installation cost of 100-150 US$ and a monthly fee of
8-13 US$ which covers running costs
5. ESCOs reimburse the loan over 10 years & benefit from a capital
subsidy of 50% of SHS
12. Photovoltaic ESCOs in Zambia (2)
Multiple actors:
Swedish International Development Agency for funding
Stockholm Environment Institute, University of Zambia and
Department of Energy involved in monitoring/training
Regulator issues of licences and definition of codes of
practice and standards
In 2006, 3 ESCOs, more than 400 clients + waiting list of several
hundred clients
2 fully operational – one had financial difficulties
Good record of payment - Few thefts
4-5 jobs consolidated/concession
13. Photovoltaic ESCOs in Zambia (3)
Good social impact
Extended hours of business for small shops
Improved results for pupils in schools with solar systems
ESCOs fragile financial equilibrium
Limited customer base
High inflation rate in Zambia (400% 10-20%)
Pilot project
Huge investment – limited number of system
Only standard 50 Wp
Pre-electrification
Extension of the grid to the three towns
Reduce customers base to outskirts
Disruption of activities
14. Rural electrification in South Africa
Massive rural electrification effort since 1994, end of apartheid.
More than 2.5 million households connected to the grid BUT more
than 1.5 million households in remote areas unlikely to be
connected.
Concessionaire fee-for service with solar photovoltaic has been
adopted in 1999 to install more than 300,000 Solar Home Systems.
Currently 3 concessions, only 34,000 SHS. Subsidies for extension
stopped while other PV projects went on (schools, health centres).
Project initially monitored by the national regulator, now
Department of Mineral and Energy.
15.
16. The Nura Concession
The biggest and one of the
most successful concession in
South Africa
Very large concession of
10.000 Km2 with 11.000 Solar
Home Systems
Eight energy stores (LPG +
solar electricity) +
Headquarters
Economies of scale and more
than 70 jobs created
17. Organisation of the reporting system
Tokens
from SHS
Clients Energy stores
Technicians
Headquarters
Source: X. Lemaire, REEEP,2006.
21. Cost off-grid /on grid in South Africa
Solar Grid
Capital Cost per R 4,000 R 10,000 – 15,000
(530 US$) (1,300 – 2,000 US$)
Household
Subsidy per R 3,500 R 4,000
(460 US$) (530 US$)
Household
Utility Cost per R 500 R 6,000 – 11,000
(70 US$) (770 US$ - 1,470 US$)
Household
Pre-paid monthly fee = 61 Rands (8 US$)
Free Basic Alternative Energy = 50% of the fee
Source: NuRa, 2006.
22. Successes and difficulties in South Africa
Proximity with clients and delay in maintenance?
good human resource management
Software + system of reporting + GPS
Complaints mainly linked:
To small size of the systems (no colour TV! no cooking!)
Cost of the fee (4-8 US dollars) even subsidised remain high for rural people
Understanding of the contract? Question of ownership of the systems
Difficulties linked to:
Lack of coordination with grid authorities
Differentiated fees due to non-homogeneous interpretation of free tariff
Fees can vary according to the policy of the municipalities who give or not a
subsidy (Free Basic Electricity for first 50 kWh/month) (since 2007 Free Basic
Alternative Electricity of 55 R)
Lack of continuous support
No more/limited subsidies to buy new systems and increase the number of
systems managed from 2006 to 2010,
23. Sharp increase of installations?
Solar Vision
NuRa
KES
(Shell Eskom)
24. Small or large rural energy companies?
Very small companies Large companies
(e.g. Zambia, Pacific) (e.g. South Africa)
100-150 clients each 11,000 -30,000 clients each
900 US dollars/SHS 550 US dollars/SHS
2-4/5 jobs + 70 jobs
Only photovoltaic Multi-energy
Specialised technicians LPG, paraffin,…
Low maintenance Other RE and diesel
Proximity with the client Reduction of costs
Cost of systems remain high Logistic difficulties
Customer basis limited Complexity management
Fragile-only highest income - Local stores
- System of reporting
Break-even point?
25. Credit sales model: Indonesia
Company called Sudimara Energi
More than 30,000 systems installed
Company installed 50 Wp systems and provided maintenance contracts by
trained technicians
Credit reimbursed in 4 years – more than 95% repaid
Cost systems remained low as manufactured in Indonesia
Financial crisis of 1997
devaluation = increase prices solar modules
company folded
Main lessons
Loan and maintenance by the same company who install the system and
has a direct interest to keep them running to keep customers satisfied and
get them pay the credit
Solar business = fragile
26. Credit sales model in Bangladesh (1)
IDCOL – Government Owned
financial institution Infrastructure
Development Company Limited
(IDCOL) was established on 14 May
1997 by the Government of
Bangladesh
IDCOL is playing a major role in
bridging the financing gap for
developing medium and large-scale
infrastructure and renewable energy
Source: Mondal, 2009 projects in Bangladesh.
The company now stands as the
market leader in private sector
energy and infrastructure financing
in Bangladesh.
RE investment portfolio – 174 million
US$ - 97% on SHS.
27. Credit sales model in Bangladesh (2)
Grameen Shakti
Established in 1996
Company install mainly 50 Wp systems and provide maintenance
contracts by trained technicians so systems function and provide reliable
electricity
Belongs to the family of companies set around Grameen Bank
Grameen Bank set up in 1983
Grameen Shakti can rely on the network of micro-retailers of the
Grameen Bank
Activity
Till 1999, only 1,147 systems installed!
Only after a loan from the International Finance Corporation/ World
Bank, solar activity took off
More than 464,000 SHS installed in September 2010
636,322 SHS installed in May 2011
28. Credit sales model in Bangladesh (2)
Yearly installation of SHS by Grameen Shakti
Size of SHS proposed by Grameen Shakti Source: Komatsu, 2011
Source: Komatsu, 2011
29. Credit sales model in Bangladesh (2)
Options for purchase of SHS with Grameen Shakti (after loan from IFC/World Bank)
Options Cash Basis Loan 2 Loan 3 years
years
Initial 100% initial 25% initial 15% initial
payment payment with payment payment
4% discount
Interest 8% 12% interest
rate interest rate
rate
Source X. Lemaire, 2011 from Miller, 2009.
Moved today from 3 options to 6 options
30. Credit sales model in Bangladesh (3)
Main lessons
Need to keep solar systems running to keep customers satisfied and get them
reimburse the loan:
annual visit from technicians during the financing period
one year maintenance contracts for few dollars per month afterwards
Diversification of loans and systems (10 Wp to 130 Wp) proposed to end-users
Importance of training:
6,700 women trained as technicians;
they receive a 4 year technical degree in one of the 45 Grameen Technology Centres
Reasons of success
Costs systems are low as manufactured in Japan
Cost of 50 Wp = around 400 US$
Support from an international organisation to expand customer base
Existing dense network of retailers for micro-credit
Limits
Quality of installation and components could fluctuate
31. (Modular) cash sales models in Kenya
Advantages of direct sales
Base of hundreds of owner shops who sell PV system
They can (or not) install the system
End-users buy components by components of the PV system
More than 200,000 SHS disseminated but very small systems
10-14 Wp for less than 200 US$
Limits
Only a minority (5% of rural inhabitants) can afford to buy directly
a system without credit
People buy the cheapest components – size too small so
customers not satisfied
Installation is not properly done leading to low system
performance from the start and lack of maintenance leads to
early system failure
32. Cash flow /costumer base
Reach higher
number of
households
Cash flow for PV company
Source IEA, 2003 Source: World Bank, 2008.
33. Conclusion on delivery mechanism for SHS
No best delivery mechanism
Choice and adaptation
according to existing institutional framework and cultural habits in a country
according to target / number of people to reach
Finance
Necessity of external funding to cover capital cost & expand scheme to new customers
Difficult to do without subsidies at the start
Equilibrium of solar companies always fragile
Tension between high fees <-> capacity of payment of end-users
Coordination between different actors needed
E.g. MFIs and installers
Future
Mobile phones
Generate a demand for small load (0.5 billion mobile phone users do not have electricity)
Reduce transaction costs for micro-payments
34. Large-scale dissemination of RET in China
1. Cases of large-scale dissemination of photovoltaic systems
Fee-for service rural concessions
Small companies: Zambia
Large concessions: South Africa
Micro-credit schemes
Indonesia
Bangladesh
Non-regulated market in Kenya
2. Cases of large-scale dissemination of RET in China
Bio-digesters
Mini–hydro
Small wind
35. Dissemination of bio-digesters in China (1)
A long story
First institutions to promote biogas in the 30s
State support from beginning 70s with high priority to rural biogas
digester for small farms
Opening of the countries in the 80s with numerous environmental
laws and regulations and standards to support bio-energy
National Rural Biogas construction Plan 2003-2010
Above 30 million bio-digesters
Two types of bio-digesters (280-300+ US$ for 8m3)
Concrete: small/big maintenance every 2-3 years/every 4-5 years
Glass Fiber Reinforced Plastic from 2000 – no maintenance
36. Dissemination of bio-digesters in China (2)
Fiberglas reinforced
plastic digesters
http://greeningchina.wordpress.com/
Source: Zhang, 2009.
37. Dissemination of bio-digester in China (2)
60% of biogas digesters were operating in 2007
Mainly the ones constructed before 1990 in China not
operating
Poorly constructed – leakage
Technology temperature well above 10C
Level of biogas production acceptable low in cold regions
North China 5-8 months per year
Central China 7-9 months per year
Southern China 10-12 months per year
Lack of maintenance and technical support
In the past financial support only for construction
Not enough follow-up : most provinces have small rural energy offices with
lack of staff
38. Dissemination of bio-digester in China (3)
Technology and policy changes in China
Modern biogas technologies
Scheme of Low-temperature Biogas Production and Commercialized Utilization Technology
Size of bio-digesters tend to increase
Linked to increase size of farms
Increase productivity to provide gas/heat, cooking
10,000 pig farm = 100 kW electricity capacity
Standardization engineering equipment and materials used in
construction
31 standards for biogas construction
From 2003 to 2009, 3 billion US$ invested
82% for households bio-digesters (subsidy around 150 US$ for 8m3 +/- half of the price)
10% medium & large scale bio-digesters
8% to finance service system
Encourage creation of local consultancy and service providers
39. Dissemination of small hydro in China (1)
SHP < 50 MW
SHP integrated most of the times with the grid
Small hydro responsibility of local government while large hydro
responsibility of central government
Preferential tax policy
Profit reinvested in SHP and local grids
State subsidy to multi-channel fund (local self-financing + loan from
banks)
ratio state funding : private& individual funding 1:25
More and more Independent Power Producers
End 2007:
54,317 SHP power stations
47,389 MW installed capacity
28,934 SHP business with shareholders
40. Dissemination of small hydro in China (2)
SHP < 50 MW
SHP integrated most of the times with the
grid
End 2007:
54,317 SHP power stations
47,389 MW installed capacity
Source: CREIA, REN21, 2009
41. Dissemination of small hydro in China (3)
Research
Increased efficiency of SHP station
More stringent technical specifications
Established standard planning procedures
Limits
Low quality of equipment
Only few stations uses new technology when upgrading
Low cost of sale of electricity to large grid
Sub-optimal use of equipment
Low annual utilization hours
High distribution losses
Low automation
42. Dissemination of small wind in China
Off-grid turbines for rural electrification
100W to 100 kW
Promotion of local manufacturing
From 1983 to end 2008, China has produced more than 500,000
small wind turbines
36 turbine production companies + 28 parts production
companies
Network of retailers for maintenance
Particular efforts:
Training technicians
Users manual
43. Conclusion on RETs in China
China emerging country
Huge customer base <->small fragmented markets like
most developing countries
State/public banks facilitate access to funding at low costs
Lessons
Some renewable energy technologies are mature and
already very cheap
Nurture a local market for manufacturing takes time
Tax breaks, customs barriers, stable policy framework,…
Importance of creating also a local market for maintenance
& follow-up of installations
44. References for solar home systems (1)
Delivery models for solar home systems
Schultem B., van Hermert B. H., Sluijsc Q. Summary of Models for the
Implementation of Solar Home Systems in Developing Countries. Report IEA
PVPS T9-02. IEA, Paris, France, 2003.
Krause M., Nordstrom S. (eds.). Solar Photovoltaics in Africa – Experiences
with Financing and Delivery Models. UNDP and GEF, New York, USA,
2004.
Zambia
Lemaire X., 2009. Fee-for service companies for rural electrification with
photovoltaic systems: the case of Zambia. Energy for Sustainable
Development. 13, 18-23.
Gustavsson M. 2008. Solar Energy for a Brighter Life – A Case Study of
Rural Electrification Through Solar Photovoltaic Technology in the Eastern
Province, Zambia, PhD dissertation.
45. References for solar home systems (2)
South Africa
Lemaire X., 2011. Off-grid electrification with solar home systems. The experience of a
fee-for-service concession in South Africa. Energy for Sustainable Development, 15,
277-283.
Integrated Rural Energy Utilities – A review of Literature and Opportunities for the
Establishment on an IREU, REEEP – Restio Energy, July 2008.
NuRa In-depth Case study – Integrating further?, REEEP – Restio Energy, March 2009.
Bangladesh
Barua D. 2001. Strategy for promotions and development of renewable technologies in
Bangladesh: Experience from Grameen Shakti. Renewable Energy. 22, 205-210.
Komatsu D. 2011. Are micro-benefits negligible? The implications of the rapid
expansion of Solar Home Systems in Bangladesh for sustainable development. Energy
Policy. 4022-4031.
Mondal A. M. 2010. Economic viability of solar home system: Case study of
Bangladesh. Renewable Energy. 35, 1125-1129.
Sovacool B. K., Drupady I. M. 2011. Summoning Earth and Fire: The energy
development implications of Grameen Shakti (GS) in Bangladesh. Energy, 36, 4445-
4459.
46. Other references
China
Chen Y. et al., 2010. Households Gas use in rural China: A study of opportunities and
constraints. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Review. 14. 545-549. 6073-6081.
Jiang. X. 2011. A review of the biogas industry in China, Energy Policy, 39.
Zhang et al. 2009. Renewable Energy in China: Pattern and Policy, Renewable Energy,
2813-2823.
CREIA/REN21, Background paper: Chinese Renewable Status report, October 2009.
To go further
Designing sustainable off-grid rural electrification projects: principles and practices, World
Bank/ESMAP, 2008.
Lemaire X., Kerr D. SERN literature review 2010 – an annotated bibliography and reference
guide on off-grid and rural electrification, REEEP.
Softwares
HOMER
http://homerenergy.com/
RET-Screen
http://www.retscreen.net/
47. Contact
University College London -Energy Institute. Central House - 14
Upper Woburn Place London WC1H 0NN United Kingdom
Xavier.Lemaire@reeep.org
REEEP - Sustainable Energy Regulation Network
http://www.reeep.org/830/sern.htm