HxRefactored 2015: Sebastian Deterding "An Aesthetic of friction for health behavior"

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This document discusses an alternative approach to behavior change and motivation called an "aesthetic of friction". It notes that most current approaches focus on providing incentives or information to maximize behavior, but these can undermine autonomy and motivation over time. The document outlines several issues with these common approaches and proposes an alternative based on seven principles: (1) intervene where the decision is made, (2) offer actionable alternatives, (3) leave the user autonomy in choosing, (4) allow reversal through irony, (5) be understanding, (6) be naively cute not too smart, and (7) invite conscious deliberation and integration of new behaviors. The goal is to create "pleasurable troublemakers" that motivate through

Healthcare

An Aesthetic
of friction
for health behavior
Sebastian Deterding (@dingstweets)
PlaIT Lab, Northeastern University
April 2, 2015
c b

+
…and yet,(mostly) one underlying model
informed
decisions
to maximize
incentives
no matter
what context

gamification: incentives!
social
virtualmaterial

Please return to
highlighted route.
Issue
#1

Really, Dave, a second bagel?
After the one you bought at Starbucks 1538 Tremont St. at
2:34pm today? I texted your friends and they do not approve.
Issue
#2

johnmarshall reeve
»When children do precisely what they were told not
to do … or when the targets of propaganda do the
opposite of the source’s intention, each performs a
counter maneuver aimed at reestablishing a
threatened freedom. The term reactance refers to the
psychological and behavioral attempt at reestablishing
(“reacting” against) a threatened or eliminated
freedom.«
understanding motivation (2014: 297)

Edward Deci,Richard Ryan
»An understanding of human motivation
requires a consideration of innate
psychological needs for competence,
autonomy, and relatedness.«
the what and why of goal pursuits (2000)

retain my choice
http://www.pleasurabletroublemakers.com/#/the-fifty-fifty-cake/

offer an alternative functioning way of life
http://www.pleasurabletroublemakers.com/#/intervator/

5%
500 steps
8th day without cycling – you really should step it
up! What about a 5 minute ride today? C’mon,
your friends in California did it!
Issue
#3

5%
500 steps
Here’s a message from Celia: Hey Dave, you’re
below your step goal: take a walk in the park!

be understanding and flexible
http://healthmonth.com

be as smart as a puppy
http://berglondon.com/blog/2010/09/04/b-a-s-a-a-p/

»You look
especially lovely
tonight.«
http://www.ﬂickr.com/photos/beigeinside/50122570/
Issue
#4

»You look
especially lovely
tonight.«
http://www.ﬂickr.com/photos/beigeinside/50122570/
»Now I feel like
you’re just doing
it for the points.«
Issue
#4

Richard Ryan,Edward Deci
Autonomy
≠
Independence, lots of choice,
absence of constraints
self-regulation & the problem of human autonomy (2006)

Edward Deci,Richard Ryan
»To be autonomous means to behave
with a sense of volition, willingness, and
congruence; it means to fully endorse
and concur with the behavior one is
engaged in.«
motivation, personality, and development (2012: 85)

Edward Deci & Richard Ryan: The »What« and »Why« of Gaol Pursuits (2002)
150 more pages,
and I get my 10$.
external
I must not disappoint
my parents!
introjected
I‘m good at this – this is
actually fun!
intrinsic
It‘s important for me in
school to read this now.
identified
I totally see how this
helps me become a chef!
integrated
http://www.ﬂickr.com/photos/pensiero/95412049Edward Deci & Richard Ryan (2002), The »What« and »Why« of Goal Pursuits

http://designinghappiness.wordpress.com/
integration through reflection

an aesthetic of friction
1. Situatedness Intervene where the action/
decision takes place
2. Actionable Offer an alternative goal-
supporting action
3. Autonomy Leave the user the choice between
old and new action
4. Irony Why so serious? Allow reversal
5. Sympathy Be understanding
6. Naïveté Be cute, not (too) smart
7. Integration Invite conscious deliberation

pleasurable troublemakers
http://www.pleasurabletroublemakers.com/keymoment/

sebastian@codingconduct.cc
@dingstweets
codingconduct.cc
Thank You.

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