The document summarizes lessons learned from efforts to create more understandable medical bills. It describes patients' common experiences with surprise, confusion and delay regarding medical bills. It then outlines three approaches that could help reduce complexity: 1) provider networks managing all charges, 2) insurers managing all payments, or 3) a new third-party platform managing claims and payments between all parties. The key is establishing a single financial relationship for patients to alleviate fragmentation and create a coherent experience.