About coffee

1. Coffee (Coffea arabica)
By Ingrid Tuyuc Amezquita

2. o
• The origins of the coffee crop can be traced
back to the Ethiopian highlands for Coffea
arabica.
Origins

3. In my country …
• Guatemala is Central America´s largest coffee
producer.

4. Botanical Features
The genus Coffea is a member of the
family Rubiaceae
C. arabica, C. canephora and a C. liberica.

5. Ecological requirements:
-An annual rainfall of between 1100 and
2000 mm.
-Coffee grows best in deep, friable soils with
a PH<7
-temperatures in the 15-25°C range.
-High temperatures (>25°C) induce
abnormalities such as star flowers and
reduce yields.

6. Insect Pest:
Coffee Berry Borer: (Hypothenemus hampei)
invades mostly older
berries

7. Life cycle:
• Of H. hampei takes 28-35 days from egg-
laying to the mature beetle
• Rate of growth and reproduction is greatest
at 29-33°C.

8. • There are several insecticides that are effective
against berry borer.
• Wherever berry borer is found, the
entomopathogenic fungus Beauveria bassiana is
also presents as a natural infection.

9. Main diseases:
• Rust: (Hemileia vastatrix )
Symptoms: Yellow to orange powdery
spots appears on the underside of leaves,
with corresponding chlorotic patches.
The major effect of coffee rust is to cause
premature shedding of leaves, this reduces
the photosynthetic capacity of the plant
Control:Application of fungicides is still the
most widely used method of control.

10. Integrated Crop
Management:

11. Propagation:
• Seed selection and preparation
The first task in propagation is to select the
seed both of the chosen cultivar and from a
healthy source.
Arabica see germinates
in 6-10 weeks.

12. • Vegetative propagation:
Micropropagation from meristematic tissue and
somatic embryogenesis has also used in
propagating breeding material

13. young plants are normally transported to the field in
their containers.
Transplantation:

14. Soil preparation:
• Coffee plants will become established and
remain productive for many years in the sites
into which they are transplanted.

15. Fertilization:
• Fertilizer is required to maintain optimal yields
from coffee plants, but the quantity and type
of fertilizer required differs with soil type and
crop management practice.

16. Weed control:
• Coffee feeder roots are in the upper layers of
the soil, so the plant is quite sensitive to weed
competition.

17. Irrigation:
May be used to supplement
rainfall in areas with a log
dry season.

18. Harvest:
• harvesting is done by cutting the red fruits to
then process
• harvest

19. Thanks for your
attention!!!