This document discusses opportunities for South-South cooperation on transport projects between nations. It provides examples of vehicle renovation programs in Colombia and Mexico that aim to reduce emissions by replacing older, more polluting vehicles. Key lessons include establishing long-term funding sources, improving vehicle registries, and targeting support to smaller vehicle owners. International cooperation agencies and development banks can help enable knowledge sharing between countries facing similar transport challenges.

1. Options for South-South
cooperation on transport
NAMA‟s –
LargeCommercialVehicles Renovation Experiences
in
Colombia and México
Holger Dalkmann and Dario Hidalgo EMBARQ
Hilda Martínez, Sayel Cortés, Gabriela Niño EMBARQ-CTS
Mexico
A GIZ TRANSferProgramStudy
Supported by

2. Where do I
find suitable
experience on
Transport
NAMA?
Supported by

3. Here? (Bangalore, India)
Supported by

4. Here? (Durban, South Africa)
Supported by

5. Background
Interest of the Government of Colombia tackling
climate change and access international support
Freight Transport in Colombia: 12% of total
emissions, 33% of energy related emissions.
Interested in developing a NAMA on the existing
fleet replacement program for large commercial
vehicles
Learn from the experience of other emerging
economy (Mexico)
Existing project enables support (GIZ – BMU – ICI)
Supported by

6. Colombia – CurrentSituation
Freight
95% is road based
Fleetaverageage: 22 years
71% trucks are 10+ years old
45% trucks are 20+ years old
Freight transport
37% oil consumption
2.9 Mton of CO2 (2008)
http://images.travelpod.com/tw_slides/ta00/e5d/12c/c-
camion-tipico-de-colombia-pereira.jpg
Supported by

7. Colombia – CurrentSituation
Urban Transport
Mass Transit 8 Large Cities
Semi-informal, competition on
the street for passengers, poor
quality
Estimated fleet oversupply 45%
Fleet average 10+ years old
National programs co-funding
urban transport reform in
several cities www.mintransporte.gov.co
Supported by

8. Colombia –
FreightTransportrenovationpro
gram
Established in 2008
New vehicles need to
replace old ones or pay
a “scrapping fee”
~USD 100 million
collected (2008 and
April, 2011)
~4000 scrapped
vehicles http://noticiasrevistanuevomilenio.blogspot.com/2011/08/programa-de-
chatarrizacion-de-camiones.html
~46,800 tons/year of
CO2 reduced
Supported by

9. Key Barriers in the Colombian
renovation fleet programs
(Lack of) Institutional capacity at the managing
agencies
Complex process, specially difficult for individual
owners (majority)
Funding depends on new vehicles being added
(“scrapping fee”)
Leakage due to loopholes in regulation and
difficulties in controlling actual scrapping
Supported by

10. Mexico – Freight and
PassengerTransportrenovationpro
Started in 2008
gram
Freight vehicles 10+ years
old and Passenger 8+ years
old receive credit for up to
15% to buy a new vehicle
15,050 vehicles scrapped
USD 215 million USD
Savings
~892 million of liters of http://www.eltotonacapan.com/nota/12835/transporte-pblico-va-sobre-
diesel camiones-chatarra.html
~2.25 Mtons of CO2
Supported by

11. Mexican vs
ColombianRenovationProgram
s
Similar needs – similar problems
Obsolete fleets
Dispersed ownership (one man-one truck/bus)
Poor registry
Key differences
Funding sources: Colombia private, Mexico public
Institutional settings: Colombia separate for trucks
(national) and buses (local); Mexico common federal
program
Supported by

12. LessonsfromMexico
Funding source: Money at front from public
sources
Management through a trust fund; use over
several years
Improved information and registry:
complete database
proof of scrapping
Registry of new vehicles and its usage (to
report actual impacts)
Targeting small owners with appropriate
financial tools
Supported by

13. Where do I find suitable
experience on Transport
NAMA?
Bilateral agency as an
Facilitator, Funder,
Enabler (GIZ- BMU – ICI)
Local Center with a
international network
(EMBARQ)
Policy Maker as key
stakeholder (Mexico,
Colombia)
Supported by

14. Supported by

15. Cities with BRT/Bus Corridors
25 125
Guanghzhou, Hefei, Yancheng, Zaozhuang -China
Jaipur - India; Pelembang, Gorontalo, Surakata - Indonesia
20 Bangkok - Thailand; East London Transit - UK 100
João Pessoa - Brazil; Barranquilla, Bucaramanga - Colombia 17
Estado México - México; Lima - Perú; Brampton - Canada 16
15 75
13
Bogotá TransMilenio
Los Angeles Metrorapid
10 50
8 888
Curitiba 7
5 5
5 4 25
2 2 2 2
1 1 1 11 1 1 1 11 11
0
0 0
1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010
Supported by
Source: EMBARQ BRT/Bus Corridors Database, January,
2011

16. About 120 cities with BRT or bus corridors
4,335 km - 6,683 stations – 30,000 buses
26.8 million passengers per weekday
4 11
1 3
9 1 1
16
1
13
1 1
5 1 1
4
1 1 1
5
2 11
16
1
1 4
1
830 6 km 1
km Source: CTS Brasil, EMBARQ BRT/Bus Corridors Database, January, 2011
Supported by

17. La Asociación Latinoamericana de Sistemas Integrados y BRT (SIBRT) trabaja
por el desarrollo y la mejora de la calidad del transporte público urbano en la
región.
Supported by

18. Barriers in south- south
cooperation
Lack of funding
Lack of programs
Examples often North-South
„Northern‟ expertise sometimes
higher valued
Supported by

19. Success Factors
Countries interested
in apply policies that
have been successful
in countries with the
same type of
development.
International
cooperation agencies
and multilateral
development banks
role as Enabler
Supported by

20. Success Factors
Similar problems-
similar needs:
South -south
cooperation is very
effective as
conditions,
issues, institutional
settings, barriers and
opportunities are
similar
Supported by

21. Opportunities
Establish a south – south
knowledge sharing
network
Create synergies for the
development of transport
NAMAs
Create funding
opportunities
Leverage funding from
multilateral development
banks or international
cooperation agencies
Supported by

22. Thank you for your
attention!
Holger DalkmannEmail: hdalkmann@wri.org
Darío Hidalgo Email: DHidalgo@wri.org
Hilda Martínez Email: hmartinez@ctsmexico.org
Supported by

23. Questions?
Supported by

24. Colombia –
UrbanTransportPrograms
Strategic Public Transportation Systems (SETP)
• Improves public transportation systems in 12 middle-sized cities
(250,000-600,000 inhabitants).
• Includes restructuring local public transportation and fee collection
systems, develop traffic light systems and operation management
systems, revise fee calculation methodology and constructing any
required infrastructure
• Started in 2009 with 7 cities and aprox. 1.1 million USD (76.1% comes
from public funding, the rest from private sources).
• As part of this program, public transport fleets will be reduced since
oversupply has been identified in all cities.
Supported by

25. Colombia – Passenger
transport renovations
programs
Mass Transportation Systems (Sistemas de Transporte Masivos, STM)
• Mass Transportation Systems are used to organize
transportation in big cities.
o Currently working: Bogotá, Pereira, Cali, Barranquilla,
Bucamaranga
o Under development: Cartagena and Medellín
o Planning stage: Cúcuta
• The implementation of these systems always includes
renovation programs which varies in each city.
o As an example, Bogotá's Transmilenio system had by 2002 taken
out aprox 1,500 vehicles. This number increased to 6,014 by
2009.
Sources:
• Transmilenio: Sistema Integrado de Transporte Masivo (Bogotá, Colombia). Experiencia seleccionada del Concurso de Buenas Prácticas, 2002. 26-06-2002
http://habitat.aq.upm.es/bpal/onu02/bp129.html consultado 09/11/11.
Supported by
• EMBARQ, Evaluación Ex-post. Sistema de Transporte Masivo de Bogotá, Fases I y II, Informe 4, Noviembre, 2009