The document summarizes the changes needed to reported speech from direct speech in 3 sentences or less: Direct speech is converted to the appropriate past tense or modal verb in reported speech. Common changes include changing the present to the past and changing demonstratives like this and here to that and there. Certain words like today become that day and verbs like will and shall become would in reported speech.

1. DIRECT SPEECH REPORTED SPEECH
Go Went
Simple present Simple past
Went Had gone
Simple past Past perfect
Past perfect (NO CAMBIA) Had gone
Is going Was going
Present continuous Past continuous
Was going Had been going
Past continuous Past perfect continuous
Past perfect continuous (NO CAMBIA) Had been going
Will go Would go
Will Would
Would go Would have gone
Would Would have …
Shall Shall go Should Should go
Can go Could go
Can Could
May go Might go
May Might
Must / have to Must go/Have to go Had to Had to go
Could, might, had to, should, would, ought to (NO CAMBIAN)

2. DIRECT SPEECH REPORTED SPEECH
Today That day
Presente
Now Then / in that moment
The day before / the last day / the previous
Yesterday
day
The week before / the last week/ the
Pasado Last week
previous week
The month before / the last month/ the
A month ago
previous month
The next day / the following day / the day
Tomorrow
after
Futuro
Next week The next week / the following week
Next month The next month / the following month
Lugar
There / that place (o el lugar
Here
correspondiente)
Demostrativo This That
Demostrativo These Those
Oraciones enunciativas (Statements):
•'said' + (that) + la frase subordinada
He said: “I’m really tired!”………… He said (that) he was really tired
•'told' + pronombre objeto + (that) + la frase subordinada
•He told me: “I’m really tired!”………… He told me (that) he was really tired