This document summarizes the present tenses in English, including the present simple, present continuous, present perfect simple, and present perfect continuous tenses. It provides examples of how each tense is used and lists common time words associated with each tense. The present simple is used for routines and permanent situations. The present continuous emphasizes actions happening now or temporary situations. Both the present perfect tenses refer to actions that began in the past and are still ongoing or just finished, with the simple form emphasizing completion and the continuous form emphasizing duration.