This document discusses the stages of pregnancy from conception through birth. It begins with conception and the initial germinal and embryonic stages lasting 2-8 weeks. During this time cell differentiation occurs and life support systems develop. The third and final stage is the fetal period from 9 weeks to birth, where the fetus grows substantially in size and its organ systems begin functioning. The document outlines the physical changes that occur each month and the major developmental milestones. Factors that can influence prenatal development are also examined, including maternal health, environmental toxins, infections and genetic abnormalities. Prenatal screening options like ultrasound and amniocentesis are also summarized.
Prenatal development: germinal, embryonic &fetal period; Factors that can have a serious negative impact on the development of the unborn: maternal health, radiation, maternal nutrition, medication and drugs, age of the parents, diseases in the pregnant woman and the emotional state of the mother.
A presentation I gave at Georgia Tech's GVU center in February 1999 regarding the first few months of WebMD.com after we launched in the fall of 1988.
My how things have changed since then. Enjoy!
Reviewing an old hard drive, I found the following abstract used to promote this speech...
"What does it take to get a web-based product delivered to tens of thousands of demanding professionals? What’s it like to convert a web-based development team’s thinking from the creation of a website as dynamic content to the development of a website as software? What’s it like to take a good product with live customers and transition them to a great product that is significantly revamped and enhanced? In this brown bag, the issues of re-architecting an existing website/online-service, including user interface enhancements, underlying systems architecture changes, and feature creep in a hyper-growth environment will be discussed. The presentation will center around the metaphor of websites as architectural structures, building on the presenter’s experience in the world of architecture and CAD.
If most of the companies on the Web work at 'Internet speed', it can be said that WebMD works at 'hospital triage speed'. Come hear how the team at WebMD redefining the concept of a vertical niche portal on the ‘net; as if their lives depend on it."
Prenatal development: germinal, embryonic &fetal period; Factors that can have a serious negative impact on the development of the unborn: maternal health, radiation, maternal nutrition, medication and drugs, age of the parents, diseases in the pregnant woman and the emotional state of the mother.
A presentation I gave at Georgia Tech's GVU center in February 1999 regarding the first few months of WebMD.com after we launched in the fall of 1988.
My how things have changed since then. Enjoy!
Reviewing an old hard drive, I found the following abstract used to promote this speech...
"What does it take to get a web-based product delivered to tens of thousands of demanding professionals? What’s it like to convert a web-based development team’s thinking from the creation of a website as dynamic content to the development of a website as software? What’s it like to take a good product with live customers and transition them to a great product that is significantly revamped and enhanced? In this brown bag, the issues of re-architecting an existing website/online-service, including user interface enhancements, underlying systems architecture changes, and feature creep in a hyper-growth environment will be discussed. The presentation will center around the metaphor of websites as architectural structures, building on the presenter’s experience in the world of architecture and CAD.
If most of the companies on the Web work at 'Internet speed', it can be said that WebMD works at 'hospital triage speed'. Come hear how the team at WebMD redefining the concept of a vertical niche portal on the ‘net; as if their lives depend on it."
Design a hostel complex to accommodate 1000 studentsAshvini Kumar
This project involved designing a hostel complex to accommodate 1000 students at IIT Kharagpur. It have following facilities:
-Dining block with covered access from all the blocks.
-Provision for Lifts for each block.
-Common Toilet & Bath blocks.
-Common rooms / TV viewing area..
-Facilities for Indoor games.
-Common facilities such as Park, Swimming Pool, Sports Courts & Grounds
-Maximum height limit of the building is 25 m at Kharagpur
How to Make Awesome SlideShares: Tips & TricksSlideShare
Turbocharge your online presence with SlideShare. We provide the best tips and tricks for succeeding on SlideShare. Get ideas for what to upload, tips for designing your deck and more.
Embryology-all basic definition,Stage wise development of fetus,development o...sonal patel
Embryology-all basic definition,Stage wise development of fetus,development of Zygote stage ,development of Embrionic Stage ,development of Fetus Stage all are according week development,Amnione,chorion,Fetal layer, Umbilical Cord developmentmade By sonal Patel
2. 2 of 30
Stages of Prenatal Development
Zygotic (or Germinal) Stage 0-2 weeks
Embryonic Stage 2-8 weeks
Fetal Stage 9-40 weeks
3. Conception
Conception occurs when a sperm cell
penetrates and fertilizes an egg cell
Successful conception depends on
ovaries releasing one healthy egg cell
egg cell migrates most of the way down
the fallopian tube
One sperm must penetrate the ovum to
form a zygote.
4. Germinal Period
Begins when egg is fertilized in the
fallopian tube.
Period of rapid cell division
Ends 2 weeks later when the zygote is
implanted in the wall of the uterus
8. 8 of 30
At 2 weeks, the embryonic disk as 3 layers:
Entoderm: from which develops pharynx,
tonsils, thyroid, trachea, lungs, digestive
system, bladder, urethra
Mesoderm: from which develops muscles,
bones, circulatory system, lymph system,
kidneys, gonads
Ectoderm: from which develops skin, hair,
nails, sense organs, nervous tissue
9. Fetal Period
From 9 weeks after conception
to birth
Increase in size and systems
begin to function
Age of viability: 22 to 28 weeks
10. First Month
By the end of the
first month, the
embryo is about 1/10
of an inch long. The
heart, which is no
larger than a poppy
seed, has begun
beating.
12. Two Months
The embryo is about
1 inch long and has
distinct, slightly
webbed fingers.
Veins are clearly
visible. The heart
has divided into right
and left chambers.
14. Three Months
By now the fetus is 2
1/2 to 3 inches long
and is fully formed. He
has begun swallowing
and kicking. All
organs and muscles
have formed and are
beginning to function.
Genitals can be now
identified as male or
female.
15. Four Months
Fetus is about 6
inches long and
weighs 4 to 7
ounces. His
heartbeat can be
heard clearly. This is
when you may feel
your baby's first
kick.
17. Five Months
A protective coating
called vernix caseosa
begins to form on baby's
skin. By the end of this
month, your baby will be
nearly 12 inches long
and weigh almost a
pound. Fetus is more
active.
18. Six Months
Eyebrows and
eyelids are visible.
Your baby's lungs
are filled with
amniotic fluid, and
he has started
breathing motions. If
you talk or sing, he
can hear you.
20. Seven Months
By the end of the
seventh month, your
baby weighs about 3
1/2 pounds and is
about 12 inches
long. His body is
well-formed.
Fingernails cover
his fingertips
21.
22. Eight Months
Your baby is gaining
about half a pound
per week, and
layers of fat are
piling on. He has
probably turned
head-down in
preparation for birth.
He weighs between
4 and 6 pounds.
23.
24. Nine Months
Your baby is a hefty
6 to 9 pounds and
measures between
19 and 22 inches. As
he becomes more
crowded, you may
feel him move
around less.
26. Factors Affecting to
Prenatal Development
General Risk Factors
Teratogens: Diseases, Drugs, and
Environmental Hazards
How Teratogens Influence Prenatal
Development
Prenatal Diagnosis and Treatment
27. General Risk Factors
Nutrition: adequate amount of food,
protein, vitamins, & minerals
Stress: decreases oxygen to fetus and
weakens mother’s immune system
Mother’s Age: neither too young, nor
too old
28. Prescription and Nonprescription Drugs –
Several drugs used by the mother that have
negative effects on the embryos and fetuses.
Psychoactive drugs are used to alter states of
consciousness, modify perceptions, and change
moods. The effects of alcohol, nicotine, and
illegal drugs on the fetus are well-documented.
Incompatibility of blood types where the
fetus’s blood is RH positive ad the mother’s is
RH negative cause antibodies to attack the
fetus, resulting in serious, often life-threatening
damage.
29. Environmental hazards of the modern world
can cause chromosomal abnormalities.
Exposure to toxins, radiation, pollutants, and
excess heat can all contribute to a negative
impact on the fetus.
Other maternal factors such as infectious
diseases (Rubella, Syphilis, AIDS), all have
varying degrees of impact on the fetus. Also
considered are emotional stress, age, and
nutrition of the mother.
Paternal factors can impact fetal growth
such as pesticides at the workplace, smoking
and diet.
30. Teratogens: Diseases, Drugs, and
Environmental Hazards
• Many diseases pass
through the placenta
directly and attack the
fetus
• Potentially dangerous
drugs not limited to
cocaine but include
alcohol and caffeine
• Environmental hazards
are treacherous because
we’re often unaware of
their presence
31. How Teratogens Influence Prenatal
Development
Not universally harmful
Harm particular structures at a
particular point in development in
particular animals
33. Prenatal Diagnosis and
Treatment
Diagnosis: ultrasound, amniocentesis,
and chorionic villus sampling can
detect physical deformities and genetic
disorders
Treatment: fetal medicine and genetic
engineering are experimental
35. Labor and Delivery
Stage 1: starts when the muscles of the
uterus contract and ends when the
cervix is fully enlarged (about 10 cm)
Stage 2: baby is pushed down the birth
canal
Stage 3: placenta is expelled