The document provides an introduction to embedded systems, describing them as alliances of computer hardware and software designed to perform specific functions within larger systems. It explains that embedded systems have hardware, application software, and an operating system, and discusses common components like microprocessors, microcontrollers, graphics processing units, input/output devices, analog-to-digital converters, digital-to-analog converters, sensors, and actuators. The document is intended to introduce students to the basic concepts, components, and applications of embedded systems.