PPR, also known as goat plague, is caused by a virus that affects small ruminants like goats and sheep. It causes stomatitis and pneumonia. The virus is transmitted through direct or close contact and spreads through all secretions. Morbidity can be as high as 90% with mortality between 55-85% in goats. Treatment involves antibiotics, NSAIDs, and supportive care. Prevention focuses on vaccination, quarantine, hygiene, and movement control.

2. PESTE DES PETITS RUMINANTS/PPR

3. INTRODUCTION
• PPR is a French name which means GOAT
PLAGUE.
• It is also called KATA because KATA was named
given to stomatitis and pnemo enteritis in
Nigerian dwarf goats
• As PPR also cause stomatitis and pnemo enteritis
which is not clinically distinguishable from KATA
that’s why the name KATA is also given to PPR

4. ETIOLOGY
• Caused by PPR virus belongs to genus Morbilivirus,
family paramaxoviridae
• The virus shows similarities to rinderpest virus
• The virus is fragile and within few days outside the
host it is inactivated
• It has antigenic similarities with rinderpest virus,
canine distemper virus and measles in humans and
equine influenza virus.
• There is cross immunity between vaccines of
rinderpest and PPR.

5. EPIDEMIOLOGY
• WHO: small ruminants: goat, sheep and deer
• WHERE: Asia, Africa, Middle east
• When: no proper season
• Transmission: direct and close indirect contact
• All secretion and excretions are infectious
• MORBIDITY: 90%
• MORTILITY: 55-85% in goats and less than 10% in sheep

6. PATHOGENESIS
• Entry of virus through ingestion--- initial replication in
tonsils and retropharyngeal lymph nodes--- reach GIT
through blood-- virus replicates in GIT epithelium---
necrotic lesions appear in GIT---clinical signs and symptoms
appear.

7. DIAGNOSI
S
On the basis of clinical signs
Confirmatory diagnosis
It includes:
ELIZA
PCR
CFT
Tissue culture
Virus isolation
AGID

8. DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
• FMD:
• DIFFERENTIAL POINTS:
• FMD is large ruminants disease mostly while PPR is a disease of small ruminants
• Diarrhea or dysentery and pneumonia occur in PPR
• No lesion in feet and lameness in PPR

9. CONT…
• RINDERPEST:
• DIFFERENTIAL POINTS:
• Shooting diarrhea in rinderpest
• Rinderpest effects both small and large
animals while PPR effects only small animals
• BLUE TONGUE:
• DIFFERENTIAL POINTS:
• BT causes lesions on coronary band and
lameness
• Bluish cynotic tongue appears in BT

10. CONT..
.
POX:
DIFFERENTIAL POINTS:
Whole body lesions are involve while
in PPR lesions are limited to mouth
In pox scabby lesions are formed and
they are catriform in nature, while in
PPR necrotic lesions are found in
mouth

11. CONT…
• ORF:
• DIFFERENTIAL POINTS:
• There will be no systemic signs like no fever and no diarrhea In orf
• Lesions will extend from mucocutanous junction of mouth and will spread further
• HEART WATER DISEASE:
• DIFFERENTIAL POINTS:
• There will be fluid accumulation in heart
• There will be nervous signs
• Ascites will be found in heart water disease

12. CONT…
• NAIROBI SHEEP DISEASE:
• DIFFERENTIAL POINTS:
• There will be hemorrhagic stomatitis in nairobi sheep
disease
• It is commonly occurs in sheep
• COCCIDIOSIS:
• DIFFERENTIAL POINTS:
• There will be copious bloody diarrhea
• No oral lesions
• Severe straining in coccidiosis

13. NECROPSY
FINDINGS
• Erosions and ulcers in GIT
• Zebra stripes in colon and rectum
• Lungs will be inflamed because of
pneumonia
• There will be lungs consolidation
and increase in lungs size, the color
will be bluish purple

14. TREATMENT
• Broad spectrum antibiotics:
• amoxicillin, enrofloxacillin, sulphonamide
along with trimethoprim {trade name
Tribetrol}
• Ceftiofer can also be use for lung infection and
pneumonia
• Hyper immune serum
• NSAIDS:
• Flunixin meglumin
• Fluid therapy:
• Ringer lactate

15. PREVENTION
• Quarantine measures
• Isolation of sick animals
• Vaccination
• Hygienic environment
• Restriction of animal movement
• Slaughtering and proper disposal of sick animals