The document discusses assertions, claims, and counterclaims in argumentation, providing definitions and examples of each type. It instructs students on identifying and formulating counterclaims, highlighting the elements of argument such as claims, reasons, and evidence. An illustrative case involving a student named Martha and her desire for a smartphone emphasizes the application of these concepts.

1. GOOD
MORNING!

2. LET’S REFRESH!
Read through the following statements and determine
whether these statements are factual or opinionated.
1.There are five common types of assertion.
2.Assertion is a statement that is either a fact or
belief.
3.The statement, “we are all children of a loving
Father in heaven” is an example of assertion.
4. Fact is one type of assertion which can be proven
objectively by direct experience, testimonies of
witnesses, verified observations, or the results of
research.

3. O U N C M A T E C R L I
CLUE: it is the opposite
of an opposing argument.

4. Formulating
Counterclaims

5. Learning Objectives
At the end of the lesson, the students will be able to:
a.Define counterclaims:
b.Identify the four elements of argument:
c.Present on the class how to formulate counterclaim;
and
d.Formulate a counterclaim out of the claims written
inside the table.

6. - Counterclaims are made to rebut
a previous claim. To rebut mean
to contradict someone’s
statement through a formal
argument. They provide
contrasting perspective to the
main argument.
COUNTERCLAI
MS

7. Martha is an incoming grade 11 student. She has been
using a basic cellphone ever since she was in junior high school.
She is very eager to go back to school and be productive but
when she learned about the integration with technology and
digital tools to extend in the classrooms beyond the constraints
of traditional walls, particularly in the public school due to the
global pandemic, her excitement turned into frustration. Martha
desperately wants to have a smartphone so she can have access
to the internet. Having this in mind, she tells her father, Mang
Tonyo, that she needs a smartphone. Mang Tonyo, thinking only
of the additional expense, simply says, “No.”

8. 1. CLAIM
-The claim or thesis is a clear statement of
the position that you are asking your readers
to accept. It is the main argument.
-Claims are statements about what is true or
good or about should be done or believed.
-Claims are potentially arguable.
In the given example, Martha asking his
father to buy her a smartphone is an example
of a claim.
FOUR ELEMENTS IN
ARGUMENT

9. 2. COUNTERCLAIM
- It is the statement that contradicts
one’s claim and is usually proven and
supported by both reasons and evidence.
● Mang Tonyo’s negative response to
Martha’s claim is an example of
counterclaim.

10. 3. REASON
- It tells why a claim is made.
- It is a part of an argument where a
statement offers an explanation
behind a party’s claim.
● Martha’s offering of valid reasons
to convince Mang Tonyo that she
needs the smartphone is an example
of reason.

11. -It is the statement that proves the
truth of a claim and generally leads
to the conclusion of an argument.
● Martha provides evidence of the
necessity of using smartphone as
part of the new normal life.
4. EVIDENCE

12. ● People gather and swim at Repulse Bay as
beaches re-open in Hongkong on Saturday,
along with swimming and the relaxing of
COVID-19 related social distancing rules.
Hongkong eased its health restrictions
following a decrease in COVID-19
infections in the region allowing beaches
ang swimming pools to re-open as well as
cinemas and theme parks to increase
capacity from 50 to 70 percent.

13. ● Possible counterclaim: I don’t agree
with the idea of reopening the beaches
because social distancing is
uncontrollable.
● Reason: social distancing is
uncontrollable in public areas.
● Evidence: the people in Italy believed
the virus already decreased in the last
few months but after the re-opening of
some establishments, it has surged again.

14. Identify whether the statement
is claim, counterclaim, reason
or evidence

15. James offered a valid reason
to convince BJ that mean and
women were born equal is an
example of _____?
EVIDENCE

16. I am a child of a loving God who
created me after His own image.
I am happy for who I am, and I
don’t have to be someone I am
not.
CLAIM

17. ● I don’t think so. Charles
Darwin’s Theory of Evolution
explains that humans evolved
to from monkeys.
COUNTERCLAIM

18. I did not come from the apes
because I don’t look like
one of them!
REASON

19. ● Since we are blessed with the
freedom to act for ourselves,
it is up to us to choose
good from evil.

20. ● One of the ways in which people
can overcome depression is by
looking at the brighter side of
things in life.
REASON

21. ● However, not all people going
through depression share the same
viewpoint on how to cope with it. In
my own experience, there is a big
difference between something that is
difficult and something that is
impossible.
EVIDENCE

22. formulate a counterclaim on the
statement below
● Claim: Doctors must be given the
option to end someone’s life through
mercy killing.

23. Jupiter's rotation period
Fill in the blanks to complete the sentence.
1. __________________ are made to rebut a previous
claim.
2.A statement that aims to persuade the reader is
called _________.
3.There are four elements of argument namely,
claim, ________________, reason and
______________________.

24. Formulate counterclaims out of the claims
inside the table
CLAIM COUNTERCLAIM
1. Millions of Filipinos have
left the Philippines in order
to look for greener pastures
abroad.
1. Most Filipinos are more
excited to see the
balikbayan boxes than their
OFW families and relative.