This paper highlights the power quality issues and explains the remedial measures taken by means of hybrid front-end third harmonic current injection rectifiers. Here zig-zag transformer is used as the current injection device so that the advantages pertaining to the zig-zag transformer is effectively utilized. The third harmonic current injection device along with three-level boost converter at the output stage will increase the DC-link voltage. With less boost inductance, generally half of the conventional boost converter inductance is sufficient to implement the proposed converter structure resulting in reduced ripple current and also the device rating is reduced by half of the output voltage. Moreover, the power quality is well improved using third harmonic current modulated front-end structure which is well appropriate for medium/higher power applications. The experimental prototype of hybrid front-end converter is developed in the laboratory to validate the MATLAB simulation results.

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Power Quality Improvement in Utility Interactive Based
AC-DC Converter Using Harmonic Current Injection
Technique
ABSTRACT
This paper highlights the power quality issues and explains the remedial measures taken by
means of hybrid front-end third harmonic current injection rectifiers. Here zig-zag transformer is
used as the current injection device so that the advantages pertaining to the zig-zag transformer is
effectively utilized. The third harmonic current injection device along with three-level boost
converter at the output stage will increase the DC-link voltage. With less boost inductance,
generally half of the conventional boost converter inductance is sufficient to implement the
proposed converter structure resulting in reduced ripple current and also the device rating is
reduced by half of the output voltage. Moreover, the power quality is well improved using third
harmonic current modulated front-end structure which is well appropriate for medium/higher
power applications. The experimental prototype of hybrid front-end converter is developed in the
laboratory to validate the MATLAB simulation results.
KEYWORDS
1. Current modulation circuit
2. Front-end rectifier
3. Power quality
4. PFC
5. Third harmonic current injection
6. Three-level boost converter

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7. THD
8. Zig-zag transformer
SOFTWARE: MATLAB/SIMULINK
CIRCUIT DIAGRAM:
Fig. 1. Schematic diagram of proposed front-end AC-DC converter

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EXPECTED SIMULATION RESULTS
Fig. 2. Simulation results of input phase voltage, input phase current, input voltage and current, DC-link voltage, and
DC current for the proposed front-end converter under load variations.

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Fig. 3. Frequency spectrum of input line current ias at (a) Light load condition
(20%) (b) Full load condition (100%).

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Fig. 4. Comparison of power quality indices with varying load of front-end AC-DC converter with six-pulse DBR
(a) Variation of THD of input current with load and (b) Variation of PF of input current with load.
CONCLUSION
In this paper, a front-end AC-DC converter employed with third harmonic current injection
circuit using a zig-zag transformer and three-level boost converter has implemented for medium
and high-power applications. The three-level boost converter has realized with less boost
inductance, an only half rating of the conventional boost converter inductance thereby resulting
in less ripple current and also the device rating has reduced by half of the output voltage. The
third order current harmonic reduction has achieved by the zig-zag transformer. With less

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magnetic rating, only 20% of the load rating is sufficient to realize the zig-zag transformer. The
proposed converter has modeled, designed and its performance was analyzed by MATLAB
simulation under varying load conditions. An experimental setup has been developed, and the
performance of the system is verified from the hardware results. The proposed scheme resulted
in less input current and voltage THD and maintained PF close to unity. Also, the other power
quality parameters such as displacement PF and distortion factor are well within the IEEE
standards.
REFERENCES:
[1] Abraham I. Pressman, “Switching Power Supply Design,” McGraw-Hill, International
Editions, New York, 1999.
[2] B. Singh, B. N. Singh, A. Chandra, K. Al-Haddad, A. Pandey and D. P. Kothari, "A review
of single-phase improved power quality AC-DC converters," IEEE Trans. on Ind. Electron., vol.
50, no. 5, pp. 962-981, Oct. 2003.
[3] J. I. Itoh and I. Ashida, "A Novel Three-Phase PFC Rectifier Using a Harmonic Current
Injection Method," IEEE Trans. on Power Electron., vol. 23, no. 2, pp. 715-722, March 2008.
[4] N. Vazquez, H. Rodriguez, C. Hernandez, E. Rodriguez and J. Arau, "Three-Phase Rectifier
With Active Current Injection and High Efficiency," IEEE Trans. on Ind. Electron., vol. 56, no.
1, pp. 110-119, Jan. 2009.
[5] H. Y. Kanaan and K. Al-Haddad, "Three-Phase Current-Injection Rectifiers: Competitive
Topologies for Power Factor Correction," IEEE Ind. Electron. Magazine, vol. 6, no. 3, pp. 24-40,
Sept. 2012.