Poverty is about lacking the means to meet basic needs like food, clothing, and shelter. However, poverty is more complex than just lacking money - it means experiencing hunger, lack of healthcare, lack of education, unemployment, and living in constant fear for the future. Poverty can be measured both relatively based on economic conditions compared between regions, and absolutely based on minimum calorie intake and consumption levels. In India, poverty disproportionately affects scheduled tribes, rural and urban casual laborers, scheduled castes, and agricultural laborers. The government of India has implemented various programs aimed at alleviating poverty.

1. *

2. *
Poverty is about not having enough money to meet basic needs
including food, clothing and shelter. However, poverty is more, much
more than just not having enough money.
The world bank describes poverty as:
“Poverty is hunger. Poverty is lack of shelter. Poverty is being sick and
not being able to see a doctor. Poverty is not having access to school
and not knowing how to read. Poverty is not having a job, is fear for
the future, living one day at a time.”

3. *
*Under Relative poverty the *Absolute poverty refers to the
economic conditions of different measure of poverty , keeping in
regions or countries is compared. view the per capita intake of
The capita income and the calories and minimum level of
national income are the two consumption .
indicators of relative poverty.
According to the UNO those
*Per capita income :
countries are treated poor whose National income
per capita income is less than Population
US $725 per annum.

4. *Under this the minimum food *This method is used by the
requirements for survival is government while distributing
estimated. food through PDS at the local
*The food value is converted into level.
calories. *Under this a poverty line is
*
*The caloric value of food is then
converted into the money value
fixed by the government.
*All the families whose total
i.e. in rupees. income is less than the poverty
*The total equivalent amount is line fixed by the government are
considered as the poverty line. considered as BPL.

5. *
*Poverty line is the line which indicates the level of purchasing
power required to satisfy the minimum needs of a person. It
represents the capacity to satisfy the minimum level of human
needs. The line divides the people into 2 groups :
1. Above poverty line 2.Below poverty line

6. *
Poverty and occupation both are co-related. Most of the
poor people include agricultural and casual laborers, the
SCs , STs and the physically challenged.
60
Poverty in India 2000 : Most vulnerable
51 50 47
50 Group 43
40
30 26
20
10
0
Sheduled Urban Rural Sheduled Average
Tribes Casual Agricultural Castes Indian
Labourers Labourers Poverty
Ratio

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* BRITISH RULE
* RURAL ECONOMY
* HEAVY PRESSURE OF POPULATION
* CHRONIC UNEMPLOYMENT AND UNDEREMPLOYMENT
* LACK OF PROPER INDUSTRIALISATION
* SOCIAL FACTORS
* INDIA’S ECONOMIC POLICY
* NEO-LIBERAL POLICIES AND THEIR EFFECTS

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STATES No. Of People BPL % of People BPL
BIHAR 425.64 42.60
MADHYA PRADESH 298.54 37.43
MAHARASHTRA 227.99 25.03
ORISSA 169.09 47.15
TAMIL NADU 130.48 21.12
UTTAR PRADESH 529.89 31.15
WEST BENGAL 213.49 27.02
GOA 0.70 4.40
GUJARAT 67.89 14.07
HARYANA 17.34 8.74
HIMACHAL PRADESH 5.12 7.63
JAMMU & KASHMIR 3.46 3.48
KERALA 41.04 12.72
PUNJAB 14.49 6.16

9. *
*Swarna Jayanti Gram Swarozgar Yojana
(SGSY)
*Sampoorna Gramin Rozgar Yojana (SGRY)
*Prime Minister’s Rozgar Yojana (PMRY)
*Swarnajayanti Shahari Rozgar Yojana (SSRY)
*Pradhan Mantri Gramodaya Yojana (PMGY)
*National Rural Employment Guarantee Act
(NREGA)

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11. THANK YOU
*