3. WHAT IS POVERTY ?
Poverty is about not having enough money to meet
basics needs including food, clothing & shelter.
However, poverty is more, much more than just not
having enough money.
World bank describe poverty as:
“Poverty is hunger. Poverty is lack of shelter.
Poverty is being sick & not being able to see a doctor.
Poverty is not having a access to school & not knowing
how to read. Poverty is not having, is the of future,
living one day at a time.”
4. TWO WAYS OF POVERTY
Relative poverty ABSOLUTE POVERTY
Under Relative poverty the
economic conditions of
different regions or countries is
compared. The capita income
and the national income are the
two indicators of relative
poverty. According to the UNO
those countries are treated poor
whose per capita income is less
than US $725 per annum.
Absolute poverty refers to the
measure of poverty , keeping in
view the per capita intake of
calories and minimum level of
consumption .
Per capita income :
National income
Population
5. EXPENDIURE METHOD
Under this the minimum food
requirements for survival is
estimated.
The food value is converted
into calories.
The caloric value of food is then
converted into the money value
i.e. in rupees.
The total equivalent amount is
considered as the poverty line.
Under this the minimum food
requirements for survival is
estimation
INCOME METHOD
This method is used by the
government while distributing
food through PDS at the local
level.
Under this a poverty line is
fixed by the government.
All the families whose total
income is less than the poverty
line fixed by the government
are considered as BPL.
6. Poverty line is the line which indicates the level of purchasing power required to
satisfy the minimum needs of a person. It represents the capacity to satisfy the
minimum level of human needs. The line divides the people into 2 groups :
1. Above poverty line 2.Below poverty line
7. Poverty and occupation both are co-related. Most of the poor people
include agricultural and casual laborers, the SCs , STs and the physically
challenged.
51 50 47
43
26
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
Sheduled
Tribes
Urban Casual
Labourers
Rural
Agricultural
Labourers
Sheduled
Castes
Average
Indian
Poverty Ratio
Poverty in India 2000 : Most vulnerable Group
VULNERABLE GROUP
8. BRITISH RULE
RURAL ECONOMY
HEAVY PRESSURE OF POPULATION
CHRONIC UNEMPLOYMENT AND
UNDEREMPLOYMENT
LACK OF PROPER INDUSTRIALISATION
SOCIAL FACTORS
INDIA’S ECONOMIC POLICY
NEO-LIBERAL POLICIES AND THEIR EFFECTS
CAUSES OF POVERTY
9. STATES No. Of People BPL % of People BPL
BIHAR 425.64 42.60
MADHYA PRADESH 298.54 37.43
MAHARASHTRA 227.99 25.03
ORISSA 169.09 47.15
TAMIL NADU 130.48 21.12
UTTAR PRADESH 529.89 31.15
WEST BENGAL 213.49 27.02
GOA 0.70 4.40
GUJARAT 67.89 14.07
HARYANA 17.34 8.74
HIMACHAL PRADESH 5.12 7.63
JAMMU & KASHMIR 3.46 3.48
KERALA 41.04 12.72
PUNJAB 14.49 6.16
