Role of LH in Controlled Ovarian StimulationSandro Esteves
1) The document discusses the role of LH in controlled ovarian hyperstimulation (COH). It notes that LH plays important roles in folliculogenesis and steroidogenesis.
2) It reviews rationales for LH supplementation in COH, such as lower endogenous LH levels and impaired steroidogenesis in certain patient groups.
3) Studies show LH supplementation can improve outcomes for poor responders and older patients, though effects may depend on the patient subgroup and study design. More research is still needed to determine which specific patient populations benefit most.
The document discusses recent advances in controlled ovarian stimulation (COS) protocols for infertility treatment. It describes how recombinant gonadotropins are purer and safer than urinary gonadotropins, while having similar clinical efficacy. COS protocols now utilize GnRH antagonists to simplify treatment and decrease the risk of ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome compared to agonists. Overall, novel COS protocols incorporate recombinant gonadotropins and GnRH antagonists to provide patient-friendly stimulation with good outcomes.
OVARIAN REJUVENATION - ROLE OF PLATELET RICH PLASMA THERAPY BY DR SHASHWAT JANIDR SHASHWAT JANI
The document discusses ovarian rejuvenation using platelet-rich plasma (PRP) injections. PRP is extracted from a patient's own blood and contains growth factors that may reawaken dormant follicles in the ovaries. The procedure involves extracting blood, centrifuging it to separate PRP from other blood components, and injecting the PRP into the ovaries under ultrasound guidance, usually once a month for three months. The goal is to stimulate egg maturation and development, helping patients conceive. Side effects are minimal and may include pain, fever, or internal bleeding. Follow-up monitors hormone levels to check for signs of improved ovarian function.
The clinical approach to ovulation induction requires an
understanding of the causes of anovulation. Check my detailed presentation to get detailed understanding.
Improving Success by Tailoring Ovarian StimulationSandro Esteves
This document summarizes a presentation given by Dr. Sandro Esteves on improving IVF success through tailored ovarian stimulation. The presentation covered factors that determine ovarian response, strategies for high and poor responders, and evidence for different stimulation protocols. For high responders, low starting doses of rFSH, GnRH antagonists, and GnRH agonist triggering were recommended based on evidence from randomized controlled trials and observational studies. For poor responders, GnRH antagonists were suggested to potentially improve outcomes based on data from 14 RCTs.
- The document discusses endometrial scratch, a proposed intervention to improve endometrial receptivity and implantation in women undergoing IVF.
- Endometrial scratch involves mechanically manipulating the endometrium through procedures like using a pipelle or curette to cause a local injury. This is thought to stimulate an inflammatory response and improve the endometrial environment.
- Several studies have found endometrial scratch improved clinical pregnancy and live birth rates, while others found no effect. Meta-analyses show conflicting results due to the low quality of included randomized trials.
- The safety, optimal timing and patient population for endometrial scratch require more rigorous research before it can be routinely recommended.
The document provides guidelines for making IUI cost effective. It recommends proper patient selection, necessary investigations like checking tubal patency and ovulation, and optimum monitoring. It suggests using low doses of gonadotropins for stimulation and a single insemination per cycle. The number of IUI cycles should be decided based on factors like age, with a maximum of 6 cycles for patients under 35. Referral to IVF should be done at the appropriate time. Close monitoring involves tracking follicle growth and an hCG trigger when the follicle reaches 18mm. The guidelines aim to individualize treatment and keep the process as simple as possible to reduce costs.
FIGO guidelines on Placenta Accreta Spectrum Disorders: Conservative manage...Aboubakr Elnashar
This document discusses guidelines for conservative management of placenta accreta spectrum disorders. It describes four primary conservative surgical methods: 1) extirpative technique, 2) leaving the placenta in situ, 3) one-step conservative surgery, and 4) triple-P procedure. It provides details on how to perform each technique and notes they can be used alone or combined with additional procedures. The document also reviews evidence for techniques like tamponade sutures and recommends close monitoring when leaving the placenta in situ.
Optimizing Embryo Transfer in IVF Cyclesemubilisim
1. Embryo transfer is the rate-limiting step in IVF and successful embryo transfer depends on uterine receptivity, embryo quality, and the transfer procedure itself.
2. Factors that can negatively impact embryo transfer include disruption of the endometrium, induction of uterine contractions, deposition of embryos in a suboptimal location, and damage to embryos during the process. Difficult transfers are associated with lower pregnancy and implantation rates.
3. Ultrasound guidance during embryo transfer can help reduce difficult transfers, detect if the catheter is properly loaded in the uterine cavity, and position embryos more accurately. Operator experience also impacts success, with trainees achieving comparable results to experienced staff after 50 or more transfers.
(1) This study analyzed the risk factors and management patterns of emergency peripartum hysterectomy (EPH) at a hospital in Northeast India over 9 years. (2) The most common indications for EPH were uterine atony (17.39%) and ruptured uterus (49.28%), with ruptured uterus being more common in developing countries. (3) The study found an EPH rate of 1.9 per 1000 deliveries, with most cases undergoing subtotal hysterectomy. Maternal morbidity was comparable to other studies but 2 mothers died due to hemorrhagic shock and sepsis.
Why we need to predict?
Hormone defects may cause severe neurological, metabolic or cardiovascular consequences and lead to the early onset of osteoporosis
Psychological Depression
Low levels of self esteem and Life satisfaction
Sexual Dysfunction
Dr. Vandana Bansal is a senior gynaecologist and obstetrician who specializes in infertility and IVF. She directs the Arpit Test Tube Baby Centre in Prayagraj, India. The document discusses intrauterine insemination (IUI), providing rationales for its use, details on techniques and protocols, success rates based on factors like age and ovarian stimulation methods, and alternatives when IUI is unsuccessful. It summarizes evidence from clinical studies on optimizing IUI outcomes.
The document outlines the professional background and accomplishments of Prof. Jaideep Malhotra, including his roles as Managing Director of Rainbow Hospitals, professorships, awards received, and contributions to the fields of IVF and reproductive medicine in India and Nepal. It also lists him as an editor for several medical journals and books. The second page provides an outline for his upcoming presentation on the ten secrets of ovarian stimulation.
Ovulation Induction in I.U.I. Dr. Sharda Jain Dr. Jyoti Agarwal Dr. Jyoti Bh...Lifecare Centre
Letrozole is an aromatase inhibitor that has been shown to be effective for ovulation induction. It works by decreasing estrogen production in the ovaries. Some advantages of letrozole over clomiphene citrate include shorter half-life, lack of anti-estrogenic effects on the endometrium and cervical mucus, increased uterine blood flow, and lower risks of multiple pregnancy and OHSS. Common side effects include hot flashes and headaches. Guidelines from several medical societies recommend letrozole as a first-line treatment for ovulation induction in women with PCOS. The starting dose is typically 2.5 mg daily for 5 days, but step-up protocols have also shown effectiveness.
seat inca toledo ibiza central locking wiring diagramvwmaster
The document provides a diagram and descriptions of the central locking system for a 1996 vehicle model, including the locations of relays, fuses of various amperages, and component identifiers. It details the central locking actuator components in the front doors, the central locking pump and control unit, connector pin locations, and wire colors. For vehicles with remote control, it outlines the central locking switch, locking and unlocking relays, remote control unit, and relevant connector and wire connections.
Role of LH in Controlled Ovarian StimulationSandro Esteves
1) The document discusses the role of LH in controlled ovarian hyperstimulation (COH). It notes that LH plays important roles in folliculogenesis and steroidogenesis.
2) It reviews rationales for LH supplementation in COH, such as lower endogenous LH levels and impaired steroidogenesis in certain patient groups.
3) Studies show LH supplementation can improve outcomes for poor responders and older patients, though effects may depend on the patient subgroup and study design. More research is still needed to determine which specific patient populations benefit most.
The document discusses recent advances in controlled ovarian stimulation (COS) protocols for infertility treatment. It describes how recombinant gonadotropins are purer and safer than urinary gonadotropins, while having similar clinical efficacy. COS protocols now utilize GnRH antagonists to simplify treatment and decrease the risk of ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome compared to agonists. Overall, novel COS protocols incorporate recombinant gonadotropins and GnRH antagonists to provide patient-friendly stimulation with good outcomes.
OVARIAN REJUVENATION - ROLE OF PLATELET RICH PLASMA THERAPY BY DR SHASHWAT JANIDR SHASHWAT JANI
The document discusses ovarian rejuvenation using platelet-rich plasma (PRP) injections. PRP is extracted from a patient's own blood and contains growth factors that may reawaken dormant follicles in the ovaries. The procedure involves extracting blood, centrifuging it to separate PRP from other blood components, and injecting the PRP into the ovaries under ultrasound guidance, usually once a month for three months. The goal is to stimulate egg maturation and development, helping patients conceive. Side effects are minimal and may include pain, fever, or internal bleeding. Follow-up monitors hormone levels to check for signs of improved ovarian function.
The clinical approach to ovulation induction requires an
understanding of the causes of anovulation. Check my detailed presentation to get detailed understanding.
Improving Success by Tailoring Ovarian StimulationSandro Esteves
This document summarizes a presentation given by Dr. Sandro Esteves on improving IVF success through tailored ovarian stimulation. The presentation covered factors that determine ovarian response, strategies for high and poor responders, and evidence for different stimulation protocols. For high responders, low starting doses of rFSH, GnRH antagonists, and GnRH agonist triggering were recommended based on evidence from randomized controlled trials and observational studies. For poor responders, GnRH antagonists were suggested to potentially improve outcomes based on data from 14 RCTs.
- The document discusses endometrial scratch, a proposed intervention to improve endometrial receptivity and implantation in women undergoing IVF.
- Endometrial scratch involves mechanically manipulating the endometrium through procedures like using a pipelle or curette to cause a local injury. This is thought to stimulate an inflammatory response and improve the endometrial environment.
- Several studies have found endometrial scratch improved clinical pregnancy and live birth rates, while others found no effect. Meta-analyses show conflicting results due to the low quality of included randomized trials.
- The safety, optimal timing and patient population for endometrial scratch require more rigorous research before it can be routinely recommended.
The document provides guidelines for making IUI cost effective. It recommends proper patient selection, necessary investigations like checking tubal patency and ovulation, and optimum monitoring. It suggests using low doses of gonadotropins for stimulation and a single insemination per cycle. The number of IUI cycles should be decided based on factors like age, with a maximum of 6 cycles for patients under 35. Referral to IVF should be done at the appropriate time. Close monitoring involves tracking follicle growth and an hCG trigger when the follicle reaches 18mm. The guidelines aim to individualize treatment and keep the process as simple as possible to reduce costs.
FIGO guidelines on Placenta Accreta Spectrum Disorders: Conservative manage...Aboubakr Elnashar
This document discusses guidelines for conservative management of placenta accreta spectrum disorders. It describes four primary conservative surgical methods: 1) extirpative technique, 2) leaving the placenta in situ, 3) one-step conservative surgery, and 4) triple-P procedure. It provides details on how to perform each technique and notes they can be used alone or combined with additional procedures. The document also reviews evidence for techniques like tamponade sutures and recommends close monitoring when leaving the placenta in situ.
Optimizing Embryo Transfer in IVF Cyclesemubilisim
1. Embryo transfer is the rate-limiting step in IVF and successful embryo transfer depends on uterine receptivity, embryo quality, and the transfer procedure itself.
2. Factors that can negatively impact embryo transfer include disruption of the endometrium, induction of uterine contractions, deposition of embryos in a suboptimal location, and damage to embryos during the process. Difficult transfers are associated with lower pregnancy and implantation rates.
3. Ultrasound guidance during embryo transfer can help reduce difficult transfers, detect if the catheter is properly loaded in the uterine cavity, and position embryos more accurately. Operator experience also impacts success, with trainees achieving comparable results to experienced staff after 50 or more transfers.
(1) This study analyzed the risk factors and management patterns of emergency peripartum hysterectomy (EPH) at a hospital in Northeast India over 9 years. (2) The most common indications for EPH were uterine atony (17.39%) and ruptured uterus (49.28%), with ruptured uterus being more common in developing countries. (3) The study found an EPH rate of 1.9 per 1000 deliveries, with most cases undergoing subtotal hysterectomy. Maternal morbidity was comparable to other studies but 2 mothers died due to hemorrhagic shock and sepsis.
Why we need to predict?
Hormone defects may cause severe neurological, metabolic or cardiovascular consequences and lead to the early onset of osteoporosis
Psychological Depression
Low levels of self esteem and Life satisfaction
Sexual Dysfunction
Dr. Vandana Bansal is a senior gynaecologist and obstetrician who specializes in infertility and IVF. She directs the Arpit Test Tube Baby Centre in Prayagraj, India. The document discusses intrauterine insemination (IUI), providing rationales for its use, details on techniques and protocols, success rates based on factors like age and ovarian stimulation methods, and alternatives when IUI is unsuccessful. It summarizes evidence from clinical studies on optimizing IUI outcomes.
The document outlines the professional background and accomplishments of Prof. Jaideep Malhotra, including his roles as Managing Director of Rainbow Hospitals, professorships, awards received, and contributions to the fields of IVF and reproductive medicine in India and Nepal. It also lists him as an editor for several medical journals and books. The second page provides an outline for his upcoming presentation on the ten secrets of ovarian stimulation.
Ovulation Induction in I.U.I. Dr. Sharda Jain Dr. Jyoti Agarwal Dr. Jyoti Bh...Lifecare Centre
Letrozole is an aromatase inhibitor that has been shown to be effective for ovulation induction. It works by decreasing estrogen production in the ovaries. Some advantages of letrozole over clomiphene citrate include shorter half-life, lack of anti-estrogenic effects on the endometrium and cervical mucus, increased uterine blood flow, and lower risks of multiple pregnancy and OHSS. Common side effects include hot flashes and headaches. Guidelines from several medical societies recommend letrozole as a first-line treatment for ovulation induction in women with PCOS. The starting dose is typically 2.5 mg daily for 5 days, but step-up protocols have also shown effectiveness.
seat inca toledo ibiza central locking wiring diagramvwmaster
The document provides a diagram and descriptions of the central locking system for a 1996 vehicle model, including the locations of relays, fuses of various amperages, and component identifiers. It details the central locking actuator components in the front doors, the central locking pump and control unit, connector pin locations, and wire colors. For vehicles with remote control, it outlines the central locking switch, locking and unlocking relays, remote control unit, and relevant connector and wire connections.
This document is the preface to a book titled "Obstetric Ultrasound: Artistry in Practice" by John C. Hobbins. In the preface, Hobbins dedicates the book to his father who was his role model, a patient named Elaine who helped shape his approach, and his wife Susan who supported him in writing the book. He also acknowledges several people who helped with the production of the book, including the department coordinator Jane Berg, ultrasound technologist Wayne Persutte who provided many of the images, illustrator Helen MacFarlane, and John Queenan who wrote the foreword.
The document discusses pregnancy and preparing for birth. It covers topics like the challenges of pregnancy, maintaining a healthy pregnancy and baby, labor and delivery options. A woman normally experiences pregnancy for 9-10 months. She must decide whether to have a natural birth or use pain medication and whether to deliver vaginally or have a cesarean section. The document emphasizes the importance of finding the right medical care and support system during this life changing experience.
Community Midwifery and Prevention of Postpartum Hemorrhage_Kate Brickson_5.8.14CORE Group
This document summarizes information from a meeting on preventing postpartum hemorrhage (PPH). It discusses:
1) The leading causes of maternal death globally based on a WHO study, with severe bleeding during and after childbirth accounting for 27% of deaths.
2) MCHIP's comprehensive approach to PPH prevention, which promotes a package of interventions before, during, and after birth to prevent and manage PPH at both health facilities and in the community.
3) New WHO guidelines from 2012 that focus on uterotonic use immediately following birth to prevent PPH and allow misoprostol administration by community health workers.
This document provides information from Dr. Nupur Gupta about modes of delivery and childbirth options. It discusses the differences between normal vaginal delivery and caesarean section, including pros and cons of each. It also outlines signs of labor, stages of labor, pain relief options, potential complications, fetal outcomes, and vaginal birth after caesarean. The take home message is that while vaginal delivery is usually safe, sometimes a c-section is beneficial for the mother and baby's health, and the ultimate goal is a safe delivery for both.
One of the most keenly anticipated phases of pregnancy is childbirth for an obvious reason. It is the stage where all the preparations, investments and expectations are suddenly replaced with the birth of a child. From what initially looks difficult to comprehend, there is a baby crying in the cot. For most women, pregnancy will progress without ill incidents and labour will start spontaneously at term. The baby is then delivered with little assistance. In some pregnancies, the process of parturition is started artificially because continuation of the pregnancy endangers either the mother or the baby or both. Others may have the process of labour interrupted by a Caesarean section because there is a sudden change in the condition of the mother and baby, which requires immediate delivery. A small proportion will be booked for an elective caesarean birth because the risk associated with a vaginal birth is high.
PREVENTION OF POST PARTUM HAEMORRHAGE BY DR SHASHWAT JANIDR SHASHWAT JANI
Prevention of postpartum hemorrhage is critical as blood loss within 2 hours of onset can result in death if 25% of blood volume is lost. Regular antenatal care, identification of high risk cases, delivery in well-equipped hospitals, and active management of the third stage of labor can prevent most cases. Active management includes immediate administration of uterotonic drugs like oxytocin, delayed clamping of the cord, controlled cord traction, and examination of the placenta. Oxytocin is the preferred uterotonic as it is very effective and does not have the side effect profile of other medications.
The document provides background information on the implementation of maternal, newborn, adolescent and child health care services in Myanmar using a continuum of care approach. It was developed in accordance with the National Health Plan and short term strategic plans for reproductive health, child health development and adolescent health development. The services were initially implemented in 10 townships in 2011 and have since expanded to 200 townships. The services are delivered through family-oriented, population-oriented, and individual-oriented channels and coordinated at the national and sub-national levels.
2. Neden Önemli ?
Doğum ve bağlı komplikasyonlar nedeniyle ölen
anne sayısı 530.000/Yıl ;
Bu ölümlerin 132.000 ’i Doğum Sonu Kanama
nedeniyle olmaktadır. (Anne ölümlerinin %28 ile
en sık nedeni)
Doğum yaptıran herkes kanama problemi ile
karşılaşır.
3. İnsidans ve Önem
Postpartum kanama canlı doğumlarım %10.5 ’inde
görülmektedir.
*: (WHO verisi; Yılda 13.795.000 kadın)
Ciddi Postpartum kanama prevelansı yaklaşık %1.8
(137.000 kadın)
4. Zaman ve Miktar
Doğum sonrası ilk 24 saatteki 500 ml*’den fazla
kanama postpartum kanamadır. (*: WHO,1990)
1000-1500 ml* üzeri ise ağır kanama.
Erken
Geç
Doğum sonrası ilk 24
saatte gerçekleşir
24 saatten sonrası -6 hafta
arası
10. Zorluklar
Postpartum kanama gebelerin ancak
%40’nda tahmin edilebilir.
Çoğu zaman kanama miktarı doğru
tahmin edilemez;
Tahminler gerçek miktarın altındadır,
(Tahmin ettiğiniz miktarı 2 ya da 3 ile
çarpın)
Bu nedenle aslında verilen insidans oranları
da gerçeği yansıtmaz.
15. Balon Tamponad Sistemleri
Tamponad Açık yaraya yerleştirilen tıkaç.
Kanamayı durdurmak için günümüzde; uterus, vagina
ve batın içerisine konulan sistemler.
Bu amaçla Gaz sargı bezi ya da balon kateterler;
Tek başına ya da destek sütürleri….
17. %88-100
%95 Brown H, Okeyo S, Mabeya H, et al. The Bakri tamponade balloon as an adjunct treatment
for refractory postpartum hemorrhage. Int J Gynaecol Obstet. 2016 Aug 25. (58 olguda 55 başarı)
%93.6 Gao Y, Wang Z, Zhang J, et al. [Efficacy and safety of intrauterine Bakri balloon
tamponade in the treatment of postpartum hemorrhage: a multicenter analysis of 109 cases].
Zhonghua Fu Chan Ke Za Zhi. 2014 Sep;49(9):670-5.
%88 Alouini S, Bedouet L, Ramos A, et al. [Bakri balloon tamponade for severe post-partum
haemorrhage: efficiency and fertility outcomes]. J Gynecol Obstet Biol Reprod (Paris). 2015
Feb;44(2):171-5. (61 olguda 55 başarı)
%100 Cruz-Cruz D, Peña-Dehesa H, Cérbulo-Vázquez A, et al. [Active management of
postpartum hemorrhage and Bakri balloon placement in primiparous and multiparous]. Ginecol
Obstet Mex. 2016 May;84(5):279-86. (47 olgunun tamamı)
18. Uterine balloon tamponade for the treatment of
postpartum haemorrhage in resource-poor settings: a
systematic review
Background Effective interventions addressing postpartum haemorrhage (PPH) are critically needed to reduce maternal
mortality worldwide. Uterine balloon tamponade (UBT) has been shown to be an effective technique to treat PPH in
developed countries, but has not been examined in resource-poor settings.
Objectives This literature review examines the effectiveness of UBT for the treatment and management of PPH in
resource-poor settings.
Search strategy Publications were sought through searches of five electronic databases: Medline, Cochrane Reference
Libraries, CINAHL (Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature), Embase and Popline.
Main results The search identified 13 studies that met the inclusion criteria: six case reports or case series, five
prospective studies and two retrospective studies for a total of 241 women. No randomised controlled trials were identified.
The studies used various types of UBT, including condom catheter (n = 193), Foley catheter (n = 5) and Sengstaken–
Blakemore oesophageal tube (n = 1). In these studies, primarily conducted in tertiary-care settings rather than lower-level
health facilities, UBT successfully treated PPH in 234 out of 241 women (%97).
Conclusions UBT is an effective treatment for PPH in resource-poor settings. Further study of UBT interventions is
necessary to better understand the barriers to successful implementation and use in these settings
TİNDELL K, BJOG: An International Journal of Obstetrics & Gynaecology. Volume 120, Issue
1, pages 5–14, January 2013
20. Balon Tamponad Sistemleri
Konulan bölgede basınç oluşur;
Bu basınç; sistemik arter basıncını
aştığında;
Kanama durur ya da oldukça azalır.
21. Balon Tamponad Sistemleri
2. Basamak tdv.
Plasental kalıntıları dışlamak için, işlem öncesi
uterus kontrol edilir.
Çoğu kez kanamayı azalttığından sevk işlemini de
kolaylaştırır.
22. Balon Tamponad Sistemleri
Hızlı;
Kolay uygulanan;
Etkili.
Başlıca uterin atoni olmak üzere; Plasenta Prevya ve
invazyon anomalilerinde de kullanılmaktadır.
Son yıllarda vulvo-vaginal hematom ve Pelvik Packing
amacıyla kullanılmaktadır.
23. Balon Tamponad Testi
Tamponad uygulaması cerrahiye gidecek (3.
basamak tdv.) olguların belirlenmesini de sağlar.
Balon takılır kanama durursa, ileri işleme gerek
yoktur. (Tamponad testi; Condous ve ark, 2003)
Eğer kanama devam ederse ( >200 cc/saat)
Laparotomiye geçilmelidir. (Test negatif).
24. Obstetrics is a ‘’bloody business’’.
SENGSTAKEN-BLAKEMORE TÜPÜ (500 ml ve ↑)
RÜSCH ÜROLOJİK BALONU (500 ml ve ↑;Max 1000ml)
*BAKRİ BALONU (500 ml ve ↑; Max. 800 ml)
*BELFORD -DILDY OTS (IU. 700 ml; I. VAG. 300 ml)
FOLEY SONDA (100-120 ml)
FOLEY KONDOM KATETERİ (5000ml) kullanılabilir.
25.
26.
27. Uygulama ve Takip
30–500 ml. hacimler kullanılmıştır. (Düşmeyi önlemek için
vaginaya gazlı bez)
Seror ve ark. doğumdan sonra uterus içinin yaklaşık
hacmine karşılık geldiği için, 250 ml şişirme hacmini
seçmişlerdir*.
İşlem sonrası kanama, varsa dren ve AÇT,
12-24 saat oksitosin infüzyonu,
Geniş spektrumlu AB,
Balon Tamponad 8-48 saat kalır,
Kademeli söndürülerek çıkarılır.
*: Seror J, Allouche C, Elhaik S. Use of Sengstaken-Blakemore tube in massive postpartum
hemorrhage: a series of 17 cases. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand 2005:84:660–4
38. Figure 1: Inflated cervical ripening balloon in cervix. Inflated cervical ripening
balloon involving cervix and proximal vagina. Sagittal T2-weighted MRI
demonstrates inflated cervical ripening balloon transversing internal cervical os
(thin arrow). Distal portion of inflated balloon (arrowhead) is localized in the
cervix. Proximal portion of the balloon (thick arrow) is localized in vagina.
39.
40. Servikse İnvazyon Gösteren Plasenta Prevya
Totalis Olgusuna Klinik Yaklaşım: Olgu
Sunumu
Salih Burçin Kavak*, Ebru Çelik Kavak*, Raşit İlhan*, Gülcan Kahraman*, Özgür Arat*,
Melike Başpınar*, Ekrem Sapmaz*. *: Fırat Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Kadın Hastalıkları ve Doğum Anabilim Dalı, Elazığ.
Giriş:
37. gebelik haftasında başvuran ve servikal kanala invazyon göstermiş
plasenta prevya totalis tanısı konulan gebelik olgusu; ultrasonografi
bulguları ve tedavisinin önemi nedeniyle sunuldu.
41.
42.
43.
44. Pelvik Packing
Pelvik Bası Tamponu;
‘’Mantar Tamponu’’ adı de ile bilinir.
Obstetrik ve Jinekolojik amaçlı Histerektomiler sonrası kanamayı
durdurmak için kullanılır.
Steril radyolojik torba içine birbirine bağlı gazlı bezleri doldurarak hazırlanır.
Torba abdomenden yerleştirilir. Açık ucu vajen kafından geçirilip vajenden dışarı
çıkarılır.
Aşağıya doğru çekilip, traksiyon ile pelvise yerleşmesi sağlanır.
Kanama azalınca önce gazlı bezler sonra torba vajenden çıkarılır.
Başarısı %86.2dır.(Dildy GA, An effective pressure pack for severe pelvic hemorhage, Obstet Gynecol.
2006;108:1222-26)
50. Vaginal laserasyonlar ve hematomları önlemek üzere geliştirilen sistemler de
vardır. (VAGISTOP Obstetrics use)
Pelvik kapiller basınç normalde 21-48 mmHg.’dır.
Vagistop ile 50 mmHg. basınç elde edilir. Bu amaçla önerilen balon volümü 240-
480 ml. arasıdır.(max. 500 ml)
24 saat kalabilir. Ab. proflaksisi gerekmez, idrar çıkışı ve vitaller takip edilerek
hasta izlenir.
51. ATONİ ve VAJİNAL YIRTIKTA KOMPLET
TAMPONAD • Mentum post. Nedeniyle çıkımda
Klasik sexio ya alınan vakada, Vajen
mukozasında yırtık mevcut idi.
• Sexio tamiri yukardan, 2. operatör
Vajen tamirini vajenden yaptı.
• Atoni+Vajenden yoğun kanama
başladı.
• 4ü kana rağmen hb=6g idi. Giriş
Hb=10g idi. Total=8ü kan kaybı. Nb
160-180, TA 30mmhg.
• Uterusa 500ml-vajene300ml ile balon
tamponad yapıldı. Kanamalar durdu.
• 3’lü ab+Batın dreni+komplet
tamponad yapıldı.
• 2. gün balonlar çekildi.
• 3. gün batın dreni çekildi.
• 5.gün taburcu edildi.
55. 1. Olgu servikal Myom nedeniyle balon takılamamış
2. Olgu Sengstaken-Blakemore tüpü takılmış ancak
verilen sıvı vagenden geri gelmiş
3. Olgu Atoni nedeniyle B-lynch sütürü atılmış, balon
takılmaya çalışılmış ancak servikal kanaldan
geçilememiş.
56.
57. Eve Götürülecek Mesajlar
• Postpartum Kanama günümüzde en önemli maternal
mortalite nedenidir.
• Yönetiminde ‘’Basamak Tedavi Yöntemleri’’ bir sıra
dahilinde uygulanır.
• Ciddi kanama varlığında çoğu zaman bu tedaviler
kombine edilir.
58. Eve Götürülecek Mesajlar
Balon Tamponad Sistemleri 2. basamak tedavide;
Hızlı;
Ucuz;
Etkili;
Kolay ÖĞRENİLEN ve UYGULANAN;
Uterus Koruyucu bir tedavi seçeneği olarak
gözükmektedir.