Vibhuti Patel & Radhika khajuria on political feminism in india 16 6-2016VIBHUTI PATEL
the last 50 years of feminist activism in India has managed to challenge the 5,000 years of patriarchal order. the main achievements were the deconstruction of violence against women, questioning of male domination within the family, kinship, religion, media and the State, in addition to a series of legal reforms. understanding of privilege to reshape the world has been the distinct contribution of the feminist movement along with the focus on the marginalised.
the feminist space in India is distinctive and builds upon a diversity of women’s groups, political party networks, feminist and HIV/AIDS-related nGos, nonfunded feminist and queer groups and individuals, democratic rights groups, eco-feminists, non-feminists, research institutes and universities. Despite the broad experience, this space remains rather disunited.
Currently, there is a backlash to feminism, as major insights of women’s activism did not succeed in altering the fixed notions of gender roles and traditions. on the contrary, some of these have enjoyed a revival with marketisation and cultural traditionalism. there is a disconnect between theory and practice: study groups and human rights activists seem to work in silos, unlike in the 1970s when there was greater dialogue between the women’s movement and women’s studies.
the gendering of citizenship requires us to question and challenge the fact that citizenship, a supposedly public identity, is produced and mediated by the supposedly private heterosexual patriarchal family. the ‘personal’ has become ‘political’ as it is completely submerged in power relations. Like any other structure of power, patriarchy too has an outside, which is what makes possible the different kinds of protests that constantly undermine it.
Feminism today is the constant questioning of the world we perceive and the boundaries we encounter. the more we understand, the more we are able to build a narrative for change. there are innumerable new energies arising from different positions transforming the feminist field: new contestations of patriarchy, and new contestations of the normative feminism itself. It will be the interplay of fields that might change the system altogether.
REGIONAL
International Journal of Humanities and Social Science Invention (IJHSSI) is an international journal intended for professionals and researchers in all fields of Humanities and Social Science. IJHSSI publishes research articles and reviews within the whole field Humanities and Social Science, new teaching methods, assessment, validation and the impact of new technologies and it will continue to provide information on the latest trends and developments in this ever-expanding subject. The publications of papers are selected through double peer reviewed to ensure originality, relevance, and readability. The articles published in our journal can be accessed online.
Book equitable society with equal opportunities himalaya pub. house, 2014VIBHUTI PATEL
the last 50 years of feminist activism in India has managed to challenge the 5,000 years of patriarchal order. the main achievements were the deconstruction of violence against women, questioning of male domination within the family, kinship, religion, media and the State, in addition to a series of legal reforms. understanding of privilege to reshape the world has been the distinct contribution of the feminist movement along with the focus on the marginalised.
the feminist space in India is distinctive and builds upon a diversity of women’s groups, political party networks, feminist and HIV/AIDS-related nGos, nonfunded feminist and queer groups and individuals, democratic rights groups, eco-feminists, non-feminists, research institutes and universities. Despite the broad experience, this space remains rather disunited.
Currently, there is a backlash to feminism, as major insights of women’s activism did not succeed in altering the fixed notions of gender roles and traditions. on the contrary, some of these have enjoyed a revival with marketisation and cultural traditionalism. there is a disconnect between theory and practice: study groups and human rights activists seem to work in silos, unlike in the 1970s when there was greater dialogue between the women’s movement and women’s studies.
the gendering of citizenship requires us to question and challenge the fact that citizenship, a supposedly public identity, is produced and mediated by the supposedly private heterosexual patriarchal family. the ‘personal’ has become ‘political’ as it is completely submerged in power relations. Like any other structure of power, patriarchy too has an outside, which is what makes possible the different kinds of protests that constantly undermine it.
Feminism today is the constant questioning of the world we perceive and the boundaries we encounter. the more we understand, the more we are able to build a narrative for change. there are innumerable new energies arising from different positions transforming the feminist field: new contestations of patriarchy, and new contestations of the normative feminism itself. It will be the interplay of fields that might change the system altogether.
REGIONAL
Vibhuti Patel & Radhika khajuria on political feminism in india 16 6-2016VIBHUTI PATEL
the last 50 years of feminist activism in India has managed to challenge the 5,000 years of patriarchal order. the main achievements were the deconstruction of violence against women, questioning of male domination within the family, kinship, religion, media and the State, in addition to a series of legal reforms. understanding of privilege to reshape the world has been the distinct contribution of the feminist movement along with the focus on the marginalised.
the feminist space in India is distinctive and builds upon a diversity of women’s groups, political party networks, feminist and HIV/AIDS-related nGos, nonfunded feminist and queer groups and individuals, democratic rights groups, eco-feminists, non-feminists, research institutes and universities. Despite the broad experience, this space remains rather disunited.
Currently, there is a backlash to feminism, as major insights of women’s activism did not succeed in altering the fixed notions of gender roles and traditions. on the contrary, some of these have enjoyed a revival with marketisation and cultural traditionalism. there is a disconnect between theory and practice: study groups and human rights activists seem to work in silos, unlike in the 1970s when there was greater dialogue between the women’s movement and women’s studies.
the gendering of citizenship requires us to question and challenge the fact that citizenship, a supposedly public identity, is produced and mediated by the supposedly private heterosexual patriarchal family. the ‘personal’ has become ‘political’ as it is completely submerged in power relations. Like any other structure of power, patriarchy too has an outside, which is what makes possible the different kinds of protests that constantly undermine it.
Feminism today is the constant questioning of the world we perceive and the boundaries we encounter. the more we understand, the more we are able to build a narrative for change. there are innumerable new energies arising from different positions transforming the feminist field: new contestations of patriarchy, and new contestations of the normative feminism itself. It will be the interplay of fields that might change the system altogether.
REGIONAL
International Journal of Humanities and Social Science Invention (IJHSSI) is an international journal intended for professionals and researchers in all fields of Humanities and Social Science. IJHSSI publishes research articles and reviews within the whole field Humanities and Social Science, new teaching methods, assessment, validation and the impact of new technologies and it will continue to provide information on the latest trends and developments in this ever-expanding subject. The publications of papers are selected through double peer reviewed to ensure originality, relevance, and readability. The articles published in our journal can be accessed online.
Book equitable society with equal opportunities himalaya pub. house, 2014VIBHUTI PATEL
the last 50 years of feminist activism in India has managed to challenge the 5,000 years of patriarchal order. the main achievements were the deconstruction of violence against women, questioning of male domination within the family, kinship, religion, media and the State, in addition to a series of legal reforms. understanding of privilege to reshape the world has been the distinct contribution of the feminist movement along with the focus on the marginalised.
the feminist space in India is distinctive and builds upon a diversity of women’s groups, political party networks, feminist and HIV/AIDS-related nGos, nonfunded feminist and queer groups and individuals, democratic rights groups, eco-feminists, non-feminists, research institutes and universities. Despite the broad experience, this space remains rather disunited.
Currently, there is a backlash to feminism, as major insights of women’s activism did not succeed in altering the fixed notions of gender roles and traditions. on the contrary, some of these have enjoyed a revival with marketisation and cultural traditionalism. there is a disconnect between theory and practice: study groups and human rights activists seem to work in silos, unlike in the 1970s when there was greater dialogue between the women’s movement and women’s studies.
the gendering of citizenship requires us to question and challenge the fact that citizenship, a supposedly public identity, is produced and mediated by the supposedly private heterosexual patriarchal family. the ‘personal’ has become ‘political’ as it is completely submerged in power relations. Like any other structure of power, patriarchy too has an outside, which is what makes possible the different kinds of protests that constantly undermine it.
Feminism today is the constant questioning of the world we perceive and the boundaries we encounter. the more we understand, the more we are able to build a narrative for change. there are innumerable new energies arising from different positions transforming the feminist field: new contestations of patriarchy, and new contestations of the normative feminism itself. It will be the interplay of fields that might change the system altogether.
REGIONAL
Global Discourse, Situated Traditions and Muslim Women’s Agency in Pakistan.
Globalization: Feminization of Poverty and need for Gender responsive social protection in Pakistan
Effects of Globaliztion on TransgendersReshma Thomas
Emerging economies like India are experiencing mobilization of third gender and sexual identity politics raising fundamental questions of citizenship, human rights, cultural identity and tradition. With economic globalization in the developing world, a Western, hegemonic notion of lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender (LGBT) identity has been exported to traditional societies thereby destroying indigenous sexual cultures and diversities. This paper aims at exploring the effects of globalization and colonization in developing world with special reference to India.
After briefly describing the globalization in general, this paper examines the tradition of trans genders prevailed in India in relation to the pre-colonial era and forces of neoliberal globalization. The twin-process of globalization and colonization has significantly influenced the acceptance of hijra communities in Indian society, while simultaneously strengthening the view of Western historians and scholars.
POLITICAL PARTICIPATION AND REPRESENTATION OF WOMEN IN INDIAN POLITICSpaperpublications3
Abstract: women constitute half of the world population, but they are the largest excluded category in almost all respects. Women are neglected at family, community and societal levels and living as an oppressed class. Historically they have been exposed to extreme form of physical, sexual and psychological violence and enjoy least socio -economic status. They have been victims of gender based violence and their miseries got intensified further due to patriarchal nature of society. Women attempted diversified strategies to liberate themselves from shackles of exploitation and feminism was a major response to challenge patriarchy at global platform as well as within national boundaries. An important area where women have been inadequately represented is in the political sphere. Articles 325 and 326 of the constitution of India guarantee political equality, equal right to participation in political activities and right to vote respectively. Lack of space for participation in political bodies has not only resulted in their presence in numbers in these decision making bodies but also in the neglect of issues and experiences in policy making.
Lancet-LIDC Commission on the Millennium Development Goals: Conceptualising D...LIDC
Professor Andrew Dorward conceptualises development post-2015 by drawing on the analysis of The Lancet-LIDC Commission on the Millennium Development Goals.
Global Discourse, Situated Traditions and Muslim Women’s Agency in Pakistan.
Globalization: Feminization of Poverty and need for Gender responsive social protection in Pakistan
Effects of Globaliztion on TransgendersReshma Thomas
Emerging economies like India are experiencing mobilization of third gender and sexual identity politics raising fundamental questions of citizenship, human rights, cultural identity and tradition. With economic globalization in the developing world, a Western, hegemonic notion of lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender (LGBT) identity has been exported to traditional societies thereby destroying indigenous sexual cultures and diversities. This paper aims at exploring the effects of globalization and colonization in developing world with special reference to India.
After briefly describing the globalization in general, this paper examines the tradition of trans genders prevailed in India in relation to the pre-colonial era and forces of neoliberal globalization. The twin-process of globalization and colonization has significantly influenced the acceptance of hijra communities in Indian society, while simultaneously strengthening the view of Western historians and scholars.
POLITICAL PARTICIPATION AND REPRESENTATION OF WOMEN IN INDIAN POLITICSpaperpublications3
Abstract: women constitute half of the world population, but they are the largest excluded category in almost all respects. Women are neglected at family, community and societal levels and living as an oppressed class. Historically they have been exposed to extreme form of physical, sexual and psychological violence and enjoy least socio -economic status. They have been victims of gender based violence and their miseries got intensified further due to patriarchal nature of society. Women attempted diversified strategies to liberate themselves from shackles of exploitation and feminism was a major response to challenge patriarchy at global platform as well as within national boundaries. An important area where women have been inadequately represented is in the political sphere. Articles 325 and 326 of the constitution of India guarantee political equality, equal right to participation in political activities and right to vote respectively. Lack of space for participation in political bodies has not only resulted in their presence in numbers in these decision making bodies but also in the neglect of issues and experiences in policy making.
Lancet-LIDC Commission on the Millennium Development Goals: Conceptualising D...LIDC
Professor Andrew Dorward conceptualises development post-2015 by drawing on the analysis of The Lancet-LIDC Commission on the Millennium Development Goals.
My contact address
Dr Shahnaj Parveen
Professor
Department of Agricultural Extension Education
Bangladesh Agricultural University (BAU)
Mymensingh-2202
Bangladesh
Mobile: ++88-01715 340215
Email: shahnaj1969@gmail.com
Discussing Gender and Internatonal Cultural RelationsDr Lendy Spires
Gender equality calls for women and men to have equal rights and entitlements to human, social, economic and cultural development, and an equal voice in civil and political life. This does not mean that women and men will become the same, but that women’s and men’s rights, responsibilities and opportunities do not depend on whether they are born male or female. The pursuit of gender equality has a long history. Especially in the West, it can be seen as an extension of the ongoing claims for liberty and equality unleashed by the French Revolution, when equality before the law became newly established as the basis of the social order.
Well into the 20th century, the extended struggle for the franchise has stood as the symbol of a much wider struggle by women playing a central role in extending, defending or giving substance to social citizenship rights. The call for equal rights for women resurfaced in the 1960s and 1970s alongside movements for civil and human rights, peace, the environment, and gay liberation. One of the major triumphs of this stage was the UN adoption of the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination Against Women (CEDAW) in 1979, the first international human-rights instrument to explicitly define all forms of discrimination against women as fundamental human-rights violations. CEDAW emphasised women's individual rights in opposition to those traditionalists who defend major inequalities in the status quo as the ‘complementary’ roles for men and women that nature intended. It called for the equality of men and women in public and political life, before the law and with respect to nationality rights, in education, employment, the provision of healthcare (including access to family planning services), and in marriage and family matters.
Another high point was the constitution of the new South Africa (1996 – built on the Women’s Charter for Effective Equality and the ANC’s 1993 Bill of Rights), which emphasises the equal citizenship of women and men and people of all races, by making provision for equal protection under the law, equal rights in the family, and in all areas of public life. In the last three to four decades, this pursuit of gender equality has brought successive challenges to many major areas of social, economic and political life, beginning with a quest for equal representation in the corridors of power, but developing into a broader critique of masculine bias and ‘power politics’, and the search for forms of mutual empowerment.
The Journal of Sociology & Social WelfareVolume 28Issue 4 .docxjmindy
The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare
Volume 28
Issue 4 December
Article 6
December 2001
Serving the Homeless: Evaluating the Effectiveness
of Homeless Shelter Services
George M. Glisson
University of Georgia
Robert L. Fischer
University of Georgia
Bruce A. Thyer
Families First
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Serving the Homeless: Evaluating the
.
The face of Britain has changed. Among the heroes of Britain’s 2012 Olympic triumph were a Somali immigrant and a mixed-race girl fromYorkshire. Mo Farah and Jessica Ennis captured the spirit of the nation and came to represent Britain’s incredible diversity. Black and Minority Ethnic (BME) people now make up a significant and fast-growing part of the population. However, understanding of these communities has not kept up with their rising importance.
From a political perspective, few attempts have been made to properly understand Britain’s minority communities and there is a tendency in the media to assume that all BME communities can be treated as a single political entity – as if all ethnic minorities held similar views and lived similar lives.
Social Welfare Past and Present Essay
Essay on Social Welfare
What Is Social Welfare?
Essay on social policy
Social Welfare Values
Institutional Approach To Social Welfare
The Concept Of Social Welfare
Importance Of Social Welfare State
Pros And Cons Of Social Welfare
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Social Welfare And The Welfare System
The Traveller Communities of Lancashire are predominantly Romany and Irish. Their culture and language are oral rather than written. This not only limits the communities’ ability to access services, but also limits their ability to articulate their views and to understand their rights. This chapter seeks to explore how Freire’s pedagogy and the rich and colourful Traveller tradition of storytelling can be used successfully to engage the Traveller community in the production of a creative yet critical monologue which will facilitate not just ‘reading’, but reading their own reality and the development of a hopeful praxis. Moreover, it explores how the act of dialogue is an act of sharing a gift, the gift of education. In this chapter, we discuss how a group of undergraduates formed a learning community with the Travellers and how this became a vehicle for a new knowledge, leading to understanding, trust and respect. Alethea Melling and Yasmeen Ali, Travellers in Time: the development of a critical pedagogy for Roma Gypsy Travellers, Paulo Freire: the Global Legacy Conference, Waikato University, NZ, Nov 2012
Civil Rights Essay Essay on Civil Rights for Students and Children in .... The civil rights movement essay. Civil Rights Movement Essay Example .... Modern History Essay on Civil Rights Movement USA Modern History .... Higher History USA: Essay 5 Development of the Civil Rights Movement .... Leaders of the civil rights movement essay paper. Civil rights movement essay introduction. Civil Rights Movement In .... Civil rights movement essay thesis proposal. Major Highlights of the Civil Rights Movement. Civil Rights Movement Essay Modern History - Year 12 HSC Thinkswap. The African-American Civil Rights Movement - Free Essay Example .... History of the Battle for Civil Rights - Free Essay Example PapersOwl.com. Title: Why the Civil Rights Movement was a struggle 1865-1965 amp; Essay. Best Topics For Your Civil Rights Movement Essay - Techies Tech Guide. Essay on civil rights - A-Level History - Marked by Teachers.com. Essay on the Successes of the US Civil Rights Movement Modern History .... Sample Essay: Civil Rights Movement in America Blog. Changes Brought by Civil Rights Movement - PHDessay.com. Civil Rights Movement Essay Example for Free - 683 Words EssayPay. Business paper: Essays on the civil rights movement. Persuasive essay: Essays on civil rights movement. The Civil Rights Movement - GCSE History - Marked by Teachers.com. How Civil Rights Movements Changed Basic Rights - Free Essay Example .... Civil Rights Movement Post-1964 ActiveHistory. Was the Civil Rights Movement Successful? - GCSE History - Marked by .... Civil rights movement essay introduction Premium online writing service.. The Civil Rights Movement Literature review Example Topics and Well .... Civil Rights Movement Essay Modern History - Year 11 HSC Thinkswap. Historians and the Civil Rights Movement Journal of American Studies .... The Civil Rights Movement Project - GCSE History - Marked by Teachers.com. Essay 15: Teaching the Civil Rights Movement - History and Social Justice. Business Paper: Civil rights movement essay. Time of change: Photos of the civil rights movement - Photo 1 ... Essays On The Civil Rights Movement Essays On The Civil Rights Movement
Similar to Post-migration Wellbeing: The Case of Turkish-speaking Women in London, Dr Eleni Hatzidimitriadou (20)
Patricia Latter REF "Routes to Impact" presentation 26/05/2016LIDC
This event, “REF: routes to impact”, aimed to raise awareness among academic members of the multiple routes to impact their research can have. The aim of the evening was to let researchers consider the numerous ways that research can have an impact within an international development context.
Ian thornton REF "Routes to Impact" presentation 26/05/2016LIDC
This event, “REF: routes to impact”, aimed to raise awareness among academic members of the multiple routes to impact their research can have. The aim of the evening was to let researchers consider the numerous ways that research can have an impact within an international development context.
The UK Research Councils will deliver through the GCRF £1.5b in research grants for international development research over the next five years. This funding is new and additional to existing sources of research support like DFID, the Newton Fund, etc., which will continue. The GCRF represents the largest single boost to research council funding in their history and will create an entirely new stream of development research funding across arts, humanities, social and natural sciences, with particular opportunities for interdisciplinary research.
Malcolm Potts Crisis in the Sahel: Where Population and Climate Change Are Co...LIDC
rofessor Malcolm Potts, renowned in the field of public health, gave a one-off keynote lecture for LIDC. The lecture, at the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, focused on the emerging humanitarian disaster in the Sahel. It has been central to the work of his team for several years.
An Interdisciplinary Perspective on Global Health and the SDGs - Prof. Sir An...LIDC
It is rare that you find an outstanding leader in a particular discipline who has also become as well an international figure in interdisciplinary thinking. Prof Sir Andy Haines is just such a figure.
A former Director of the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine and one of the designers and founders of LIDC about a decade ago, Andy has in recent years developed an international reputation and programme linking our development agenda for global health with the much bigger challenge of sustainability and the threat posed to that by climate change and environmental degradation.
His work has revealed the threats posed to health and well being by environmental change, but has emphasized and identified the positive opportunities, and the co-benefits they can generate.
Welcome to TechSoup New Member Orientation and Q&A (May 2024).pdfTechSoup
In this webinar you will learn how your organization can access TechSoup's wide variety of product discount and donation programs. From hardware to software, we'll give you a tour of the tools available to help your nonprofit with productivity, collaboration, financial management, donor tracking, security, and more.
A Strategic Approach: GenAI in EducationPeter Windle
Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies such as Generative AI, Image Generators and Large Language Models have had a dramatic impact on teaching, learning and assessment over the past 18 months. The most immediate threat AI posed was to Academic Integrity with Higher Education Institutes (HEIs) focusing their efforts on combating the use of GenAI in assessment. Guidelines were developed for staff and students, policies put in place too. Innovative educators have forged paths in the use of Generative AI for teaching, learning and assessments leading to pockets of transformation springing up across HEIs, often with little or no top-down guidance, support or direction.
This Gasta posits a strategic approach to integrating AI into HEIs to prepare staff, students and the curriculum for an evolving world and workplace. We will highlight the advantages of working with these technologies beyond the realm of teaching, learning and assessment by considering prompt engineering skills, industry impact, curriculum changes, and the need for staff upskilling. In contrast, not engaging strategically with Generative AI poses risks, including falling behind peers, missed opportunities and failing to ensure our graduates remain employable. The rapid evolution of AI technologies necessitates a proactive and strategic approach if we are to remain relevant.
Synthetic Fiber Construction in lab .pptxPavel ( NSTU)
Synthetic fiber production is a fascinating and complex field that blends chemistry, engineering, and environmental science. By understanding these aspects, students can gain a comprehensive view of synthetic fiber production, its impact on society and the environment, and the potential for future innovations. Synthetic fibers play a crucial role in modern society, impacting various aspects of daily life, industry, and the environment. ynthetic fibers are integral to modern life, offering a range of benefits from cost-effectiveness and versatility to innovative applications and performance characteristics. While they pose environmental challenges, ongoing research and development aim to create more sustainable and eco-friendly alternatives. Understanding the importance of synthetic fibers helps in appreciating their role in the economy, industry, and daily life, while also emphasizing the need for sustainable practices and innovation.
Unit 8 - Information and Communication Technology (Paper I).pdfThiyagu K
This slides describes the basic concepts of ICT, basics of Email, Emerging Technology and Digital Initiatives in Education. This presentations aligns with the UGC Paper I syllabus.
June 3, 2024 Anti-Semitism Letter Sent to MIT President Kornbluth and MIT Cor...Levi Shapiro
Letter from the Congress of the United States regarding Anti-Semitism sent June 3rd to MIT President Sally Kornbluth, MIT Corp Chair, Mark Gorenberg
Dear Dr. Kornbluth and Mr. Gorenberg,
The US House of Representatives is deeply concerned by ongoing and pervasive acts of antisemitic
harassment and intimidation at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT). Failing to act decisively to ensure a safe learning environment for all students would be a grave dereliction of your responsibilities as President of MIT and Chair of the MIT Corporation.
This Congress will not stand idly by and allow an environment hostile to Jewish students to persist. The House believes that your institution is in violation of Title VI of the Civil Rights Act, and the inability or
unwillingness to rectify this violation through action requires accountability.
Postsecondary education is a unique opportunity for students to learn and have their ideas and beliefs challenged. However, universities receiving hundreds of millions of federal funds annually have denied
students that opportunity and have been hijacked to become venues for the promotion of terrorism, antisemitic harassment and intimidation, unlawful encampments, and in some cases, assaults and riots.
The House of Representatives will not countenance the use of federal funds to indoctrinate students into hateful, antisemitic, anti-American supporters of terrorism. Investigations into campus antisemitism by the Committee on Education and the Workforce and the Committee on Ways and Means have been expanded into a Congress-wide probe across all relevant jurisdictions to address this national crisis. The undersigned Committees will conduct oversight into the use of federal funds at MIT and its learning environment under authorities granted to each Committee.
• The Committee on Education and the Workforce has been investigating your institution since December 7, 2023. The Committee has broad jurisdiction over postsecondary education, including its compliance with Title VI of the Civil Rights Act, campus safety concerns over disruptions to the learning environment, and the awarding of federal student aid under the Higher Education Act.
• The Committee on Oversight and Accountability is investigating the sources of funding and other support flowing to groups espousing pro-Hamas propaganda and engaged in antisemitic harassment and intimidation of students. The Committee on Oversight and Accountability is the principal oversight committee of the US House of Representatives and has broad authority to investigate “any matter” at “any time” under House Rule X.
• The Committee on Ways and Means has been investigating several universities since November 15, 2023, when the Committee held a hearing entitled From Ivory Towers to Dark Corners: Investigating the Nexus Between Antisemitism, Tax-Exempt Universities, and Terror Financing. The Committee followed the hearing with letters to those institutions on January 10, 202
2024.06.01 Introducing a competency framework for languag learning materials ...Sandy Millin
http://sandymillin.wordpress.com/iateflwebinar2024
Published classroom materials form the basis of syllabuses, drive teacher professional development, and have a potentially huge influence on learners, teachers and education systems. All teachers also create their own materials, whether a few sentences on a blackboard, a highly-structured fully-realised online course, or anything in between. Despite this, the knowledge and skills needed to create effective language learning materials are rarely part of teacher training, and are mostly learnt by trial and error.
Knowledge and skills frameworks, generally called competency frameworks, for ELT teachers, trainers and managers have existed for a few years now. However, until I created one for my MA dissertation, there wasn’t one drawing together what we need to know and do to be able to effectively produce language learning materials.
This webinar will introduce you to my framework, highlighting the key competencies I identified from my research. It will also show how anybody involved in language teaching (any language, not just English!), teacher training, managing schools or developing language learning materials can benefit from using the framework.
Normal Labour/ Stages of Labour/ Mechanism of LabourWasim Ak
Normal labor is also termed spontaneous labor, defined as the natural physiological process through which the fetus, placenta, and membranes are expelled from the uterus through the birth canal at term (37 to 42 weeks
Safalta Digital marketing institute in Noida, provide complete applications that encompass a huge range of virtual advertising and marketing additives, which includes search engine optimization, virtual communication advertising, pay-per-click on marketing, content material advertising, internet analytics, and greater. These university courses are designed for students who possess a comprehensive understanding of virtual marketing strategies and attributes.Safalta Digital Marketing Institute in Noida is a first choice for young individuals or students who are looking to start their careers in the field of digital advertising. The institute gives specialized courses designed and certification.
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Dive into the world of AI! Experts Jon Hill and Tareq Monaur will guide you through AI's role in enhancing nonprofit websites and basic marketing strategies, making it easy to understand and apply.
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Post-migration Wellbeing: The Case of Turkish-speaking Women in London, Dr Eleni Hatzidimitriadou
1. Post-migration wellbeing, community activism and empowerment: the case of Turkish-speaking women in London Dr Eleni Hatzidimitriadou Reader in Social Work Migration and the Right to Health, 26-27 May 2010
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Editor's Notes
Labour emigration from Turkey to industrially developed countries of North and Western Europe has been taking place since the early 1960s. These flows were mostly regulated by the Turkish and host country governments through bilateral agreements – with the Federal Republic of Germany in 1961; Austria, Netherlands and Belgium in 1964; France in 1967; and Australia in 1968. While, in the early years, the majority of Turkish migrants were men, more recently Turkish women also participate in the migration process as initiators, namely the first in their family to migrate, or as followers who join their husbands already abroad or migrate with them. Despite that women usually migrate as ‘dependants’ and are confined to specific sectors and income level in the host country’s labour market, their existence in the migration space is becoming more visible due to their rising numbers in international migration groups and their major role in labour migration (Kadioglu, 1997; Castles and Miller, 1998). Presently, in the European Union as a whole, women from Turkey comprise one of the largest groups of female non-nationals and they mainly reside in three countries: France, Germany and UK (Balding et al, 1997). In each of these national contexts, there are important and interesting distinguishing features. For example, Turkish migrant communities have been established the longest in Germany, from the 1960s, with already a third-generation population. In France and Britain they arrived later, mainly in the 1970s. The Turkish communities and their descendents is a fairly new ethnic minority group in the UK. Turkish arrival to the UK started in the 1970s as workers and was followed by refugees who were mostly Kurdish in origin in the 1990s. The estimated number of Turkish migrants based on the different sources ranges from 115,000 to 300,000 in London (Çiçekli, 1998; Yalcin, 2003). The Turkish community in the UK includes Cypriot Turks, Turkish people and Kurdish origin people from Turkey, and their socialisation takes place in a very restricted local community in particular boroughs of the Greater London area, characterised by multicultural environments and a history of social exclusion (Enneli, Modood, & Bradley, 2005). Within this community, there are also ‘new’ religious groups (Sunni and Alevi) who gained visibility and voice abroad and in the home country, questioning the ‘official’ Kemalist culture of secularity. Turkish migrant women living in Northern European countries are experiencing a number of social transformations and have a role to play in transmitting these values through transnational networks and return migration. It is important to examine more closely the experiences of these migrant women in order to evaluate how globalisation and cosmopolitanism is affecting their conceptualisations of citizenship rights.
Until the 1970s, gender was regarded as irrelevant to explaining population movements and, where considered in migration studies, it was an ‘add-on’ category, mainly looking at differences of the two sexes, and, more particular, the ‘plight’ of women as the dependant and more vulnerable population. The widely shared assumption was that women would migrate to accompany or to reunite with their breadwinner migrant husbands (Mahler & Pessar, 2006). Patriarchy is a concept fundamental to this analysis. By patriarchy we mean hierarchies of power, domination and control that men exercise over women. Patriarchy gives men preferential access to resources available in society therefore it is bound to impact on women’s ability to migrate as well as their decisions of the time and final destination of migration. Power relationships in the household between men and women are also important when considering the impact of gender on migration. Thus, it is important to examine how women’s relationships to family members, including spouses, change with migration; in effect, how patriarchy is shaped or reconstituted after migration (Boyd & Grieco, 2003). According to Boyd and Grieco (2003), we can observe the impact of gender in three distinct stages of the migration process: the pre-migration stage, the transition across state boundaries, and the post-migration stage. In the pre-migration stage, gender is important in relations and hierarchies, status and roles and the structural characteristics of the origin country. During the transition stage, the impact of gender is evidenced in national policies, immigration laws and regulations, organised intermediaries, and international conventions. Finally, in the post-migration stage, the gender effect has to be acknowledged in the integration process: the impact of early status, patterns of incorporation into the labour market, and the impact of migration on social status. For women in particular, there are two broad aspects of status that can change due to migration process: their position within their families and the impact of moving from one form of gender stratification system to another. Kofman argues, for the analysis of migration it is important to take into account the intersection of class, gender and race among the most significant social divisions. State regulations such as immigration rules force the migrant into a category, as for example the female migrant who enters through a family-related route and becomes the dependant of a male migrant. Also, segmentation of labour, according to which women occupy domestic labour, care and sex work while men occupy “the commanding heights of the knowledge economy and society”, overlooks the opening up of skilled employment for migrant women, often in feminised sectors like education and health.
It is through these discourses of ‘racial’, ethnic and national otherness rather than through sexual difference, that the antagonism between the ‘European’ and the ‘other’ woman is emphasised. In this binary the European woman serves as the standard against which to measure women from elsewhere. Muslim women are constructed as the prototype of migrant women perceived as miserable victims par excellence, handicapped by their culture of origin. In analysing the situation of Muslim migrant women, one generally encounters an image of Western women as triumphant in the realisation of equal rights and social equality, The common assumption underlying this comparison is that female autonomy is generally absent from Muslim culture and through this process of ‘standardisation’ European women become the yardstick of excellence, idealised as straightforward and independently successful beings whose gendered life has been freed of major contradictions and ambivalence (Lutz, 1997) Muslim women as well as numerous ‘other others’ are portrayed as a particular kind of deviation from ‘European’ femininity An implication of New Labour’s and Third Way’s politic is the emphasis that the experience of the users of the welfare services and their own definition of their needs is central to the organisation and delivery of welfare services.
As a distinct group, women moving from developing to developed countries have to deal with questions of autonomy and choice due to changing socio-economic circumstances and host country’s restrictive immigration policies. Complex gendered stratification both in sending and receiving countries impacts on their social status and roles, citizenship rights, their access to welfare state systems and subsequent sociospatial positions they occupy respectively in origin and host societal milieus (Castles and Davidson, 2000; Donato et al., 2006). For example, the phrase ‘feminisation of migration’ typically depicts the particular impact of women’s movement from developing countries rather than from developed ones, i.e. the migrant female worker carrying out the housekeeping or childcare responsibilities of a native middle-class female professional. Hence, the feminising of migration is a direct outcome of increasing female labour force participation in receiving countries. It is also linked to subsequent social transformations in the roles of women in the developing countries as they assume main breadwinner responsibilities, obtain economic power and engage in socio-political activities in their male dominated societies. Globalisation is another layer of analysis to be considered in the discussion of women and migration. It encourages mobility and is one of the major driving forces behind contemporary migratory movements. Growth of cross-border flows of investment, trade, culture, ideas and people as well as proliferation of transnational networks are among the most powerful characteristics of this phenomenon, which results in increased transnationalism of behaviours, social conventions and institutions. The globalisation of migration has been identified as another central tendency of major significance in future population movements by Castles and Miller (2003); it does not equate though with a straightforward transmission of values and beliefs that promote gender equality and women’s rights. In fact, it is increasingly noted that globalisation of migration may be achieving nothing more than sustaining female oppression by allowing the economic exploitation of poor women from developing countries in favour of global corporate interests and the liberation of women workers to enter the labour market in developed countries (Lutz, 2002). Yet, globalisation also enables female migrants from traditional environments to become familiar with new norms regarding women’s rights and opportunities in a cosmopolitan context. The effect of globalisation on issues of welfare is still to be examined more systematically in relation to different types of human mobility (Ndiaye, 2004). In this new reality, migrant women may become vulnerable to exploitation and abuse but at the same time may develop empowering new identities and lifestyles. s the feminisation of migration is gaining ground and becomes more evident worldwide, issues related to welfare policy and support systems for this migrant group come to the fore for policy makers, service providers, and recipients of welfare services. All too often, researchers and analysts in this field tend to represent migrant women as passive victims of male exploitation at different levels of economy, family life and social status. While this is true for a considerable number of women, it is also important to acknowledge the social transformations taking place in their lives as migrants. Inter-related societal factors such as class, gender and race determine issues of social inclusion and integration in the receiving countries. To examine the intersection of these structures on women migrants’ experiences and needs, we must begin by acknowledging the diversity of this experience and need. Most of research and analysis related to migrant women is focussed on economic and legal aspects of their experiences whereas little is said about their interaction with welfare systems in the receiving country.
Although this was a convenience sample rather than a representative one, efforts were made to ensure that participants reflected the variety of migration experience, areas of settlement, and socio-economic status of Turkish women living in London. Methodology and survey findings related to women’s physical and mental health difficulties as well as their experiences with service providers in the UK are discussed elsewhere (Çakir, Hatzidimitriadou & Aydin, forthcoming; Çakir & Hatzidimitriadou, 2006). It is worth noting that survey participants indicated that they faced more physical and mental health problems since arriving in the UK (physical health problems: before migration - 19.7%; after migration - 47.7%; mental health problems: before migration – 12.9%; after migration – 45.5%). For the purposes of this paper, I will focus my discussion on findings from the open-ended questions related to women’s views about life in the UK – difficulties of adjustment, needs, likes and dislikes of British life, experiences of discrimination and their expectations and plans for the future.
First, these women experience considerable cultural distance between Turkish and British societies in terms of values, principles, lifestyle, daily life and physical environments. The cultural distance, which is felt as a significant adjustment difficulty, is also a strong dislike for a lot of these women. They feel uncomfortable in an individualistic and materialistic society which suffers from lack of moral values, crowded places and crime.
Yet, a significant number of them identify freedom as the main attraction to their new country and their new way of life. This freedom is understood at many levels – personal, social, religious, financial - and denotes a break from social norms and expectations in the sending country and a liberated way of life in their new country. Their newly acquired access to social and human rights as well as gender equality is another dimension highlighted in their conceptions of British life. Again, this is a striking difference from their previous experiences in Turkey and it suggests a new form of citizenship, based on ascribed rights and systems of law and social norms.
Of relevance to this contrast between the sending and receiving country is also their preference of an orderly UK system and a clean, tidy environment with an attractive lifestyle of good economic conditions and high living standards. This comes to a contrast with the Turkish environments where they used to live. Also, it appears that the women enjoy the British multicultural environment as being more tolerant, diverse and cosmopolitan. These elements are far more important for these women than the most stereotypically expected pull factors of welfare benefits and care provision.
Qualitative approach – focus groups; short questionnaire on demographics and membership details; interview with group leader/facilitator; analysis of printed/electronic material