Global Discourse, Situated Traditions and Muslim Women’s Agency in Pakistan. Globalization: Feminization of Poverty and need for Gender responsive social protection in Pakistan

1. Presented by:
Muhammad Faizan Jamil

2. Global Discourse, Situated Traditions and
Muslim Women’s Agency in Pakistan

3. Feminism
Religious
Secular

4. Feminist Movements
Invoke Islamic
scriptures in support
of women’s right
Advocate the traditional
positions and insisting
on the separation of
politics and religion

5. The tendency of both the secular and Islamist women groups
to mobilize a diversity of discourse that are neither stricly
Islamic and secular.
Islamist movements are freely draw upon universalist notion
of right, the rule of Law and democracy.
Agree??

6. Is it happening in Pakistan??
Let’s debate

7. Do you think, the discussion releated to the
modernist Islamist women should given open
space for conversation?

8. Women’s role in religious reforms?
Women participation in decision making
setup?

9. Politics + Rligion ?
Does Politics should separated from religion,
What is your personal point of view?

10. The Hisba bill: Feminism vs Fundamentalism
In 2005, Hisba bill was passed by Provincial government of that
time (Muthida Majlis-e-Amal).
Mandates sharia in the province to promote Islamization
Enforce Islamic duties upon Muslims.
Appointment of religious ombudsman and Police Force to
promote mortality.

11. These type of Political reforms by religious groups are
depicting the agenda to oppress marginalize groups
including women.
Think Critically . . .

12. 2nd Portion
Globalization: Feminization of Poverty
and need for Gender responsive social
protection in Pakistan

13. Globalization means,
Enhancing the inter-connection of the worlds'
culture, political and economic systems. It is an
international movement towards financial,
trade, communication and economic
integration.

14. Globalization increases Risks and instabilities.
Risk is defined as, improbability of duration,
impact, timing or extent of the economic crises
which happen due to the globalization and also
result in political, social and economic crises.

15. Globalization cause negative effect on the poor women
specially those are working in in-formal economy.
Not having any written contract documentation.
Having no social security.
Low wages.
Direct + In-direct economic pressure.
Having no advance skills.

16. Social protection,
Consist of policies and programes to reduce
poverty of labor class by enhancing their
capacity to manage social and economic risks
like, unemployment, sexual harassment,
sickness etc.

17. Micro finance support programs

19. Government funds schemes and it’s Utility?

20. False consciences:
Propagating and making the lower, marginalize class
believe that, laws and policies were created to
protect the rights of all, when in reality they are the
very instrument of exploitation through which the
poor are controlled.

21. Research results bassed on Triangulation
of Methodology

22. Individual Questionnaires
Focus group discussion
Desk review (Programe
documentation) Secondary analysis
Key Informate Interviews
Methodology

23. Findings
• 98% respondents were having electricity
• 45% respondents have water supply
• 43% respondents have gas supply
Basic Needs
• 67% of respondents have cell phones
• Most of poor women not even afford
landline phones.
Other facilities
• Only 4% of respondents have any
written agriment.
Financial
agreements

24. According to Economic survey of Pakistan 2013-14, 61%
of the population is living below the poverty line, that is,
earning less then $ 2 per day.
In south Asia, out of 2 billion population 70% women
are suffering from poverty(Doane, 2007).
60 to 80% of the in-formal organizations all over the
world where women do not avail social
protection(Unifeem, 2009).

25. Major risks faced by women workers at different levels
House hold/Individual
(Micro level)
Community level (Meso) (Inter) National level
(Macro)
Illiteracy due to poverty.
Decline in household
income and welfare.
Family restriction to
work outside.
Lack of men
participation in domestic
chores.
Social stigmas for
women.
Lack of economic
autonomy.
Un0written contracts.
Non-availability of
schools.
Gender division of Labor.
Conventional thinking
regarding job allocation.
Social acceptance of
domestic violence.
Non-acceptability of
women authoritative
roles.
No access to information
technology.
Limited availability of
public trance port.
Low investment on social
capital.
Un-equal distribution of
wealth and opportunities.
Less control over
resources.
Patriarchal system of
society.
Invisibility of women
work.
Working environment are
not women friendly.
Lack of Gender main-
streaming.
Lack of welfare houses.

27. Administrative, financial and political steps required to
be taken to ensure an overall social protection towards
poor population of the country.
?
Is that a feasible way to proceed these steps in such
governing system that consist of hierarchal structure?