Postdoc craven 2016

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This document discusses biodiversity effects on ecosystem stability following climate extremes. It defines metrics for measuring temporal stability, including coefficient of variation (CV), resistance, and resilience. It also discusses factors like functional diversity, phylogenetic diversity, and climate that impact ecosystem stability. The document examines whether increasing interdisciplinarity can effectively address complex issues like biodiversity loss and mentions changing collaborators for studies on stability and interdisciplinarity in biodiversity.

Biodiversity effects on
ecosystem stability following
climate extremes

Definitions of
Temporal Stability
1/ CV
Resistance
Yn / | Ye - Yn|
Resilience
|Ye - Yn / Ye+1 - Yn|

Fast-slow
Functional
diversity
Phylogenetic
diversity
Climate

Is an urgent, complex issue like
biodiversity loss addressed by increasing
interdisciplinarity?
Ledford, 2015

STABILITY workgroup: + 30 collaborators
Interdisciplinarity in biodiversity: 4 collaborators

The document discusses participatory natural resource management with Somali pastoral and agropastoral communities in Ethiopia to build resilience to climate change. It describes how communities identified climate impacts and vulnerabilities, developed community action plans, established management committees, received training, and implemented natural resource management activities and innovations. This led to immediate benefits like increased income, food access, and alternative livelihoods. Lessons learned include promoting experimentation, involving diverse community members, and using action plans to engage communities in managing natural resources and adapting to climate change.

Ecosystem resilience and community values: Implications to ecosystem-based ad...

Noralene Uy

The Ecological Context for Biodiversity Offsetting in Canada

Institute of the Environment

This document discusses biodiversity offsets, which allow development projects that result in biodiversity loss if they compensate by protecting or restoring habitat elsewhere. However, offsets are controversial as biodiversity gains may not match losses in quality, quantity, or permanence. For offsets to work, gains must be comparable, additional, lasting, and have sufficient information. Metrics, baselines, equivalence over time and space, uncertainty, reversibility, and thresholds must be considered. Canada currently lacks frameworks for best practice offsets. Offsets risk becoming business as usual unless integrated with clear biodiversity policies and plans that specify goals and address cumulative impacts with careful monitoring.

Strategic Framework for Responding to Climate Change_Ver1.0_081002

Loren Ford

This document provides a strategic framework for the Forest Service to guide actions in response to climate change. It outlines 7 goals: 1) advance understanding of climate change impacts through science and research; 2) enhance the ability of forests and grasslands to adapt to climate change impacts; 3) promote forest and grassland management to reduce greenhouse gas emissions; 4) integrate climate change into Forest Service policies; 5) reduce the agency's environmental footprint; 6) increase public awareness and education; and 7) strengthen partnerships to manage forests and grasslands sustainably. The framework emphasizes the need to facilitate ecosystem adaptation through actions like thinning forests to increase drought tolerance, assisted species migration, and development of wildlife corridors.

Community-Based Adaptation to Climate Change - Penny Urquhart

Priya Vallabh Goburdhan

Responding to Climate Change: An overview of Adaptation Concepts for Wetlands

Northern Institute of Applied Climate Science

Fricke adaptive management for ecosystems

Soil and Water Conservation Society

Social-ecological resilience indicators: a participatory tool for measuring ...

Bioversity International

This document discusses research on how multiple global changes interact to affect avian community composition and pollination services. It summarizes past research that found vegetation decline from drought was amplified in fragmented areas, drought reduced ecological resources, and vegetation change facilitated competitive edge species. The aim of the synthesized worldwide ecology, evolution and physiology project is to integrate macroecology, macrophysiology and macroevolution across biomes to determine the processes driving large-scale diversity patterns. Some preliminary findings are that species' temperature tolerance relates to the prevailing climate when their order originated, and there is strong phylogenetic structure in temperature tolerance.

Climate Change for the Southern Coastal Plain

Northern Institute of Applied Climate Science

Project report_Shilpi Kundu

Shilpi Kundu

This document provides a literature review on the effects of top predators on biodiversity and ecosystem functions. It discusses how top predators regulate trophic cascades and food webs through controlling prey populations. The loss of top predators like wolves and lynx in Germany has allowed herbivore populations to increase, impacting vegetation. Reintroducing these predators could help control ungulate numbers and damage. The document also examines factors that reduce top predator populations in human-dominated landscapes, such as habitat loss, poaching, and conflicts with livestock.

Climate Change, Food Security and the Barriers that Prevent Solutions, David ...

Centre for Global Equality

Climate change poses threats to food security that existing political, economic, technical and environmental approaches have failed to address due to complex, interlinking barriers at multiple levels. Traditional solutions focused on these areas overlook the important human dimension. New approaches are needed that move beyond traditional diplomacy to community engagement across society to overcome barriers at individual, institutional and global levels.

ESA 2015 Baltimore, MD

Rachel Germain

This study investigated how removing dispersal limitation at different spatial scales affects metacommunity diversity in a serpentine grassland. Seeds were vacuumed from plots at scales from 1m to 10km and mixed in experimental plots. Species richness increased nonlinearly with the scale of seed mixing. Species-environment associations also increased with scale. Community composition shifted with both the scale of mixing and environmental variables like soil moisture. The results suggest that dispersal limitation structures diversity at small scales, while species sorting increases in importance at larger scales as the species pool expands.

NAA Conference Presentation

cevadala

This study examined factors that motivate residents near urban parks to engage in ecological restoration projects like installing rain gardens and barrels. A survey of over 650 residents found that enjoying gardening and concerns over pesticides strongly predicted participation. Those with a hands-on personality were 21-35% more likely to install a rain garden. The results support that environmental behaviors are multiply determined by concerns, self-interests like gardening, and knowledge. Practitioners should identify related attitudes, interests, knowledge and constraints to encourage specific environmental behaviors.

BushfireConf2017 - 29. Using plant population ecology to improve the effectiv...

Bushfire Program - Nature Conservation Council NSW

Testslideshare

Alan Stapleton

Soils are crucial for food security, climate change adaptation and mitigation, essential ecosystem services, poverty alleviation and sustainable development. They provide these important functions through supporting plant growth for food production, regulating the global climate, filtering and storing water, harboring biodiversity and more. Healthy soils are vital to human well-being and the environment.

Leona D'Agnes' April 30 Presenation

Chinaenviro

This document discusses the interactions between population, health, and the environment in biodiversity hotspots. It notes that over 1.1 billion people live in these hotspots, which cover only 12% of the planet's land but contain 20% of its population. Population growth in hotspots is nearly 40% greater than the global average due to high fertility and migration. High population density puts pressure on biodiversity through habitat loss and accelerated species extinction. The document advocates for integrated approaches that link family planning, health services, and natural resource management to achieve higher impacts than separate sectoral programs.

Haberland

nacaa

The document describes a climate science and water conservation program for urban youth in Camden, New Jersey. The 12-week program is funded by USDA and teaches middle school students about climate change through lessons on the carbon cycle, temperature measurement, and the difference between weather and climate. Students completed a service learning project where they installed two rain gardens at their school to filter stormwater runoff. Evaluations found the program increased students' knowledge of climate science and weather measurement.

Haberland 2012 nacaa poster

nacaa

Waste to-energy & biodiversity conservation efforts to aid adaptation

David Nkwanga

Climate Change: Frequently Asked Questions

Northern Institute of Applied Climate Science

The document discusses frequently asked questions about climate change. It summarizes that there is overwhelming scientific evidence that climate change is occurring and is caused by human activities. While models have uncertainties, they consistently project warming trends that are useful for considering risks over decades or more. The best approach is to use multiple models and consider a range of possible futures, as uncertainties are inherent in long-term climate projections. Questions about the topic are encouraged, but the evidence clearly shows the climate is changing due to human emissions of greenhouse gases.

GEF - Natural Resources Management and Ecosystem Resilience

IFAD International Fund for Agricultural Development

This document discusses resilience in natural resource management and social-ecological systems. It defines resilience as the ability to absorb disturbances while maintaining structure and function. It identifies threats to resilience such as pollution, overexploitation, and governance failures. It provides principles for resilient natural resource projects such as promoting diversity, embracing variability, and enhancing governance overlaps. It also summarizes approaches to build resilience in focal areas like protected areas, land management, water resources, and forests.

_Jibrin and Abdulhamed BEST published journal 2016

Dr Adamu Abdulhamed

The document examines the ecological vulnerability of Kpashimi forest reserve in Niger State, Nigeria to climate change. It employs the IPCC vulnerability assessment framework of exposure, sensitivity, and adaptive capacity. Survey and participation methods were used with local communities. The results found that the forest reserve has high exposure (index of 0.387) and sensitivity (0.397) to climate impacts like increasing temperature and erratic rainfall patterns. However, its adaptive capacity (0.356) is lower. The overall vulnerability index of 0.012 indicates a moderately vulnerable situation. Therefore, the forest is highly sensitive and exposed to climate change, and ecological thresholds may be exceeded if resilience is undermined.

2.6.1 4,2.1.7

GURU CHARAN KUMAR

The document discusses factors that influence population size, including biotic potential, environmental resistance, natality, mortality, immigration, and emigration. Population growth depends on the interplay between these growth factors and limiting factors. Species have different reproductive strategies based on their selection of r-selected opportunistic reproduction or K-selected competitive reproduction. Population growth curves and survivorship curves also influence population size, as do density-dependent and density-independent factors. Species interactions like competition, predation, parasitism, mutualism, commensalism and herbivory additionally impact population dynamics.

From AR5 to AR6 - Perspectives from WGII by Joy Pereira, Vice-Chair of WGII

ipcc-media

This document summarizes key findings from the IPCC's Fifth Assessment Report regarding climate change risks and impacts in Asia. It finds that Asia faces increased risks of flooding, drought, food insecurity, water scarcity, and disease due to climate change. Adaptation is already occurring through measures like disaster risk management, coastal management, and developing resilient crop varieties. However, the report notes water scarcity will be a major challenge for most of Asia due to increased demand and lack of management. Urgent mitigation action is needed to limit global warming to 1.5°C in order to reduce these climate change risks and impacts.

Results of field testing the indicators for resilience of socio-ecological pr...

Bioversity International

This document summarizes the results of field testing indicators of resilience in Socio-Ecological Production Landscapes and Seascapes (SEPLS). It describes SEPLS and the three characteristics of resilience in socio-ecological systems. Four categories with 20 indicators were developed to measure community capacity to adapt while maintaining biodiversity. The indicators were tested in sites in Cuba, Kenya, Bolivia, and Nepal using focus groups. The results showed strategies communities adopted to increase resilience and lessons learned, such as maintaining landscape diversity and accessing new knowledge. Testing will continue in more landscape types to refine the indicators and measure resilience.

Indicators of resilience in Socio-Ecological Production Landscapes and Seasca...

Bioversity International

Bioversity International scientist Pablo Eyzaguirre presents on using resilience indicators in two landscapes/seascapes in Fiji and Mongolia. This was presented during the 5th IPSI Global Conference held just before the 2014 Convention on Biological Diversity conference in Pyeongchang, Korea. Find out more about our work on landscapes: http://www.bioversityinternational.org/research-portfolio/agricultural-ecosystems/landscapes/

Climate change and variability and extreme events adaptation: what are the ch...

ILRI

Data recovery of archival data: a temporal story

Postdoc craven 2016

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Postdoc craven 2016