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The research process is becoming increaingly complex from an administrative perspective. The extent of the problem is well-known yet solutions have been elusive.
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What is Open Science and what role does it play in Development?
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From the event "Specimen Science: Ethics and Policy Implications," held at Harvard Law School on November 16, 2015.
This event is a collaboration between The Center for Child Health and Policy at Case Western Reserve University and University Hospitals Rainbow Babies & Children’s Hospital; the Petrie-Flom Center for Health Law Policy, Biotechnology, and Bioethics at Harvard Law School; the Multi-Regional Clinical Trials Center of Harvard and Brigham and Women's Hospital; and Harvard Catalyst | The Harvard Clinical and Translational Science Center. It is supported by funding from the National Human Genome Research Institute and the Oswald DeN. Cammann Fund at Harvard University.
For more information, visit our website at http://petrieflom.law.harvard.edu/events/details/specimen-science-ethics-and-policy
Clinical and Medical Case Reports 2018 brochureElsa Reeth
Conference Series Ltd Organizes 1000+ Conferences every Year across USA, Europe & Asia with support from 1000 more scientific societies and Publishes 700+ Open access journals which contains over 50000 eminent personalities, reputed scientists as editorial board members.
Conference Series takes immense pleasure to extend our warm welcome to invite all the participants from all over the world to attend "7th International Conference on Clinical and Medical Case Reports", November 08-09, 2018 in Sydney, Australia.
Importance and scope of the Conference:
The major merits of case reporting were these: Detecting novelties, generating hypotheses, pharmacovigilance, Researching rare disorders, Exercise for novice researchers, clinical practice can be changed, low expenses, Flexible structure, high applicability when other research designs are not possible to carry out, allowing emphasis on the narrative aspect (in-depth understanding), Studying the history of medicine, communication between the clinical and academic fields, and educational value.
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F&I: Mike Conlon - Death by 1,000 Cuts: Researcher Burden Up Close & PersonalCASRAI
The research process is becoming increaingly complex from an administrative perspective. The extent of the problem is well-known yet solutions have been elusive.
What is Open Science and what role does it play in Development?Leslie Chan
What is Open Science and what role does it play in Development?
The talk begins with a review of current understanding of open science and its alleged role in providing new opportunities for addressing long-standing development challenges. I then introduce the newly launched Open and Collaborative Science in Development Network, funded by IDRC Canada, and in collaboration with iHub Nairobi, Kenya. The rationale, funding modalities, and the short and long term objectives of the network will be discussed.
From the event "Specimen Science: Ethics and Policy Implications," held at Harvard Law School on November 16, 2015.
This event is a collaboration between The Center for Child Health and Policy at Case Western Reserve University and University Hospitals Rainbow Babies & Children’s Hospital; the Petrie-Flom Center for Health Law Policy, Biotechnology, and Bioethics at Harvard Law School; the Multi-Regional Clinical Trials Center of Harvard and Brigham and Women's Hospital; and Harvard Catalyst | The Harvard Clinical and Translational Science Center. It is supported by funding from the National Human Genome Research Institute and the Oswald DeN. Cammann Fund at Harvard University.
For more information, visit our website at http://petrieflom.law.harvard.edu/events/details/specimen-science-ethics-and-policy
Clinical and Medical Case Reports 2018 brochureElsa Reeth
Conference Series Ltd Organizes 1000+ Conferences every Year across USA, Europe & Asia with support from 1000 more scientific societies and Publishes 700+ Open access journals which contains over 50000 eminent personalities, reputed scientists as editorial board members.
Conference Series takes immense pleasure to extend our warm welcome to invite all the participants from all over the world to attend "7th International Conference on Clinical and Medical Case Reports", November 08-09, 2018 in Sydney, Australia.
Importance and scope of the Conference:
The major merits of case reporting were these: Detecting novelties, generating hypotheses, pharmacovigilance, Researching rare disorders, Exercise for novice researchers, clinical practice can be changed, low expenses, Flexible structure, high applicability when other research designs are not possible to carry out, allowing emphasis on the narrative aspect (in-depth understanding), Studying the history of medicine, communication between the clinical and academic fields, and educational value.
Summary: Clinical Case Reports 2018 is a forum to explore issues of mutual concern as well as exchange knowledge, share evidence and ideas, and generate solutions. The main focus of clinical case reports was the diagnosis and treatment of patients, disease prevention and screening.
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Post Normal Science and eXtreme Programming
1. Copyright, 2002 Niwot Ridge Consulting
Post Normal Science and eXtreme Programming
How can we come to understand the impacts
of eXtreme Programming and other Agile
methods in the absence of scientific data?
2. Copyright, 2002 Niwot Ridge Consulting
What is Post–Normal Science?
Post Normal
Science
Professional
Consultancy
Applied
Science
System
Uncertainty
Decision
Stakes
Low High
High
3. Copyright, 2002 Niwot Ridge Consulting
Three Kinds of “Science”
♦ Normal Science
– Uses standard scientific techniques and procedures
– Peer review processes ensure quality and validity
– Appropriate in situations with high levels of certainty and low
levels of risk
♦ Professional Consultancy
– Applies science through “experts”
– Appropriate for situations with less certainty, some “art” is
required and error is a matter of personal judgment.
– Quality and validity responsibility extended to “clients”
♦ Post Normal Science [Funtowicz 92]
– Community responsible for ensuring quality and validity
– Quality and validity responsibility extended to “all
stakeholders”
4. Copyright, 2002 Niwot Ridge Consulting
What is Normal and Post–Normal Science?
♦ Research Processes
– Ontologies – the nature of existence
– Epistemologies – the nature of knowledge
– Methodologies – the process of understanding
♦ Science is a
– Methodology
♦ Post–Normal Science is a:
– Methodology
– Epistemology
5. Copyright, 2002 Niwot Ridge Consulting
Post–Normal Science Domain
♦ Situations that involve post–normal science are
ones where:
– Facts are uncertain
– Stakes are high
– Decision are urgent
♦ Differences from Science and Consultancy
– Extended peer community involvement
– Extended facts including anecdotal evidence
– Public debate
7. Copyright, 2002 Niwot Ridge Consulting
What is Normal Science?
♦ Normal Science is:
– Firmly based on one or more past scientific achievements.
– Achievements that the scientific community acknowledges for
a time as supplying the foundation for its further practice
[Kuhn 70].
♦ Although normal science seems restrictive:
– When paradigms are taken for granted, the field does not
need to be built anew each time.
– “Restrictions born from confidence in a paradigm, turn out to
be essential to the development of science,” [Kuhn 70], pp.
24.
9. Copyright, 2002 Niwot Ridge Consulting
Bibliography
[Kuhn 70] Structure of Scientific Revolutions, Thomas Kuhn,
Cambridge University Press, 1970.
[Functowicz 92] “Three Kinds of Risk Assessment and the
Emergence of Post Normal Science,” S. O. Funtowicz and J. R.
Raveyz, in Social Theories of Risk, S. Krimsky and D. Golding
editors, Greenwood Publishing Group, 1992.