Frederick Brown is an American artist born in 1945 who was influenced by jazz music. He established a studio in New York's Soho district in the 1970s where he collaborated with jazz musicians like Ornette Coleman. Brown's paintings from that time were large, bold abstractions that drew on his interests in music, urban life, and spirituality. He believes that art is a religious experience that comes through the artist, not from them. The document provides background information on various American and international portrait artists like Andy Warhol, Tamara de Lempicka, and Diego Rivera along with images of some of their self-portrait works.

1. PORTRAITURE
Use these images as a starting point
for your research – hyperlinks are
included where available.

2. AMERICAN PORTRAITS
Sites used
http://www.csupomona.edu
(use the search engine on the page for women artists)
http://frederickbrown.com

3. Andy Warhol
Marilyn
Hand painted
screen print
1960s
Andy Warhol is famous for his
multiple images of famous icons
of the time.
There are several in the Marilyn
series including prints with
repeated images where all use
different colour combinations
even though the image is the
same.

5. Arshile Gorky
The Artist and His Mother, c. 1926-c. 1942
Ailsa Mellon Bruce Fund
© 1997 The Estate of Arshile Gorky /
Artists Rights Society (ARS), New York
1979.13.1

6. Barkley Leonnard
Hendricks painted in 1972
– text on next page

7. Barkley Leonnard Hendricks
George Jules Taylor, 1972
William C. Whitney Foundation
1973.19.2

9. Walt Kuhn
American, 1877 - 1949
Wisconsin, 1936
oil on canvas, 50.9 x 40.8 cm (20 x 16 in.)
Gift of Brenda Kuhn
1968.25.

10. FRIDA KAHLO
‘Diego in my thoughts’
1943

11. Evelyn Pickering de Morgan (1850-
1919): Evelyn Pickering de Morgan was
one of the women artists of the Pre-
Raphaelite School.She was born into a
wealthy family who had hoped she would
make a socially prominent
marriage.Evelyn, however, aspired to a
career in art and she secretly studied art.
Her teacher was her uncle the artist John
Roddam Spencer-Stanhope. She later
attended the Slade School of Art and was
able to enjoy a distinguished career. She
was married to the potter William de
Morgan and was part of the Pre-
Raphaelite circle that included Edward
Burne-Jones. Morgan's paintings reflect
the influence of Jones, but in addition to
the Pre-Raphaelite themes and subject, de
Morgan also evolved into more
allegorical and symbolic themes and
subjects. Her painting The Prisoner for
instance is a poignant commentary on the
status of women during the Victorian and
early Edwardian eras

12. Berthe Morisot (1841-1895):
Berthe Morisot was born in Bourges
to a well-to-do family devoted to art.
Both Berthe and sister Edma studied
with several well-known painters,
but Berthe was to be most
influenced by Corot. She joined the
circle of Impressionists and
dedicatedly pursued the style and
philosophy of Impressionism despite
the criticisms that were generally
laid on to its adherents.Manet was to
become influenced by Morisot as
seen in his later works. Morisot
herself painted a broad range of
subjects.Her paintings include still-
life studies, paintings of women in
domestic as well as social
surroundings, and landscapes.
Young girl at window -
1878

13. Self portrait –
‘Hesitating
between art and
music’
Angelica Kauffman (1741-1807): Angelica Kauffman was first trained by her father
and then studied art in Italy. She came to England in 1766 where she followed a career
as a professional artist. She was a founding member of the Royal Academy. She later
went to Rome where she received royal commissions. Trained in the Neo-classical
tradition, Kaufmann's works involved Greco-Roman and allegorical subjects. She was
also a portrait painter, but was equally skilled in the rendering of abstract themes

14. Patricia Ping
Lin(born:1943)Patricia Ping Lin
was born in Singapore during the
Japanese occupation of Malaysia.
She received an early British
education and immigrated to the
United States in 1967. She
received her bachelor's degree
from the University of California
in Los Angeles and her Ph.D.
from the University of Southern
California. A multi-media artist,
her works include
digital and computer generated art
as well as paintings in water
colors and oils.

16. Adrian Piper
(born1943-): Adrian
Piper has used her art as a
means for rendering her
autobiography. Her works are
also the means of expressing
her involvement with
contemporary issues of race
and gender. Piper frequently
mixes text with visuals.
Political Self-Portrait done in
the 1970s uses captions that
are placed across photo of
herself as a child. Currently,
Piper works with video and
installation art to force
viewers into a confrontation
with assumptions about race

17. ‘Marilyn Vanitas’
Audrey Flack
(born
1931-):Audrey Flack
studied at Cooper Union
and Yale University. After
a stint as an Abstract
expressionist, Flack
began using photo
realism as the vehicle for
conveying the social and
political themes.
Throughout the 1960s
and 70s Flack's works
drew upon events and
personalities of the civil
rights and women's
movements

18. Cecilia Concepcion Alvarez
(born ): Cecilia Alvarez is a
Seattle-based artist

19. Self portrait in a Bugatti 1925
Tamara de Lempika
(1898-1980): Tamara de
Lempicka was born in Warsaw,
Poland but her family moved to
Russia. She fled the Russian
Revolution in 1917 and went to live
in to Paris where she received her
training at Academie de la Grand
Chaumiere. She also studied with
Maurice Denis and Andre
Lhote.Lempicka's paintings are
rendered in the hard-edged,
flattened surface style which has
come to be synonymous with Art
Deco. She came to the U.S. prior to
the Second World War where her
works were exhibited in numerous
galleries. Lempicka died in Mexico
in 1980.

20. FREDERICK BROWN

21. Born in 1945, Frederick J. Brown was raised in a working class neighborhood on
Chicago’s south side. His family had a great influence on the course of his life as an
artist. His father ran shoeshine stands and pool halls and introduced him to all types of
personalities. Brown would often mix paint at his uncle’s body and fender shop. As a
young boy, Brown learned about colors from his aunt, who made Viennese pastries using
spun sugar. "It looked like what’s on the palate now," he reflects. He established a
studio in New York’s famous Soho District in the early1970s. It was there that he
collaborated on multi-media works with Jazz musicians, Ornette Coleman and Anthony
Braxton. Brown remembers how they talked about art in Coleman’s loft and how he
sometimes painted while the musicians rehearsed. For years, Brown worked through the
night with the blues blaring, seeking to translate the music’s rhythm and emotion onto
his canvasses. "To me, the Blues is the litmus test by which to judge all other creative
endeavors. It represents the purest form of human emotion and expression." Brown
emphasizes.
Brown’s experiences from his travels abroad and in the United States, combined with
this interest in jazz, blues and African and Native American culture, collectively produced
an artist of contemporary painting. His paintings in the 1970s were large, bold
abstractions; the themes of music, urban life and religious spirituality constant in his
work.
Says Brown, "Art is a religious experience. It’s not coming from you. It’s coming
through you."

22. OTHER PORTRAIT ARTISTS
SITES USED
http://www.arthistory.about.com
http://www. artchive.com

23. OSKAR KOKOSCHKA
Self-Portrait of a ‘degenerate artist’
Oil on canvas
And - ‘Self Portrait Fiesole’

24. Francis Bacon (British –
expressionist)
Self-portrait
English painter of Irish birth. Francis
Bacon came to London in 1925 and
although he received no formal art
training, he created a sensation in
1945 when he exhibited his Three
Studies for Figures at the Base of a
Crucifixion (London, Tate Gallery) at
the Lefevre Gallery in London. His
work was Expressionist in style, and
his distorted human forms were
unsettling. He developed his personal
style and gloomy subject matter during
the 1950s, when he achieved an
international reputation. Aside from
his unpleasant images of corrupt and
disgusting humanity, Bacon
deliberately subverted artistic
conventions by using the triptych
format of Renaissance altarpieces to
show the evils of man, rather than the
virtues of Christ. In Pope Innocent X
he reworked a famous portrait by
Velazquez into a screaming mask of
angst."

25. And it all flowed from one central
insight: that in a culture glutted with
information, where most people
experience most things at second or
third hand through TV and print,
through images that become banal
and disassociated by repeated again
and again and again, there is role for
affectless art. You no longer need to
be hot and full of feeling. You can be
supercool, like a slightly frosted
mirror. Not that Warhol worked this
out; he didn't have to. He felt it and
embodied it. He was a conduit for a
sort of collective American state of
mind in which celebrity - the famous
image of a person, the famous brand
name - had completely replaced both
sacredness and solidity
ANDY WARHOL
’16 Jackies’

27. "Roy Lichtenstein was the master of the
stereotype, and the most sophisticated of the
major Pop artists in terms of his analysis of
visual convention and his ironic exploitation
of past styles. The work for which he is now
known was the product of a long
apprenticeship.
Previous image
Roy Lichtenstein – ‘In the Car’

28. DIEGO RIVERA
Detail of the right side
of
‘A Dream of a Sunday
Afternoon in Alameda
Park’
1947/8

29. Auguste Macke