A pond ecosystem includes all living organisms (biotic factors) like phytoplankton, zooplankton, larger invertebrates, fish, frogs, and turtles interacting with each other and their non-living (abiotic) environment of humus, oxygen, light, heat and minerals. Phytoplankton are primary producers at the bottom of the food chain, while zooplankton and larger invertebrates act as primary and secondary consumers, and vertebrates like fish and frogs are tertiary consumers. Together these biotic and abiotic components make up the balanced aquatic pond ecosystem.

1. Pond Ecosystem
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4. What is ecosystem ?
The word ecosystem is short for ecological systems.
An ecosystem includes all of the living organisms (Biotic ) &
non-living things(non-biotic) in a specific location .
The plants and animals that are found in a particular location
are referred to as community.
These plants and animals depend on each other & non-living
things like weather,soild,Sun,atmosphere to survive.
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5. Types Of Ecosystem
• Same kind of ecosystems are known as Biomes ,
means they have similar kind of living & non-
living things.
• All ecosystems can be divided into two parts
- Aquatic
- Terrestrial
Aquatic Ecosystem refers to ecosystem which exists
in water body –like in ocean & freshwater
Terrestrial –These are found anywhere away from
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6. Pond Ecosystem
• It comes under Aquatic Ecosystems
• It contains both Biotic & Abiotic factors
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8. Biotic Factors
&
Food Chain
in Pond Ecosystem
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9. Phytoplankton. Producers
These are small, usually single-celled, photosynthetic organisms, also known as algae. These are
basis of Pond Ecosystem
Primary
Consumers
Zooplankton
These are other small organisms that live in pond , these are members of the animal kingdom tha
are suspended in the water column.
Examples - water fleas, tadpoles. They consume phytoplankton
Secondary
Consumers
Larger invertebrates
Snails, worms, leeches insects consume these smaller animals
Tertiary
Consumers
Vertebrates
Vertebrates are animals with backbones. In a pond these might include fish, frogs,
salamanders, and turtles. www.makemegenius.com
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10. Non-living ( Abiotic) Things - Pond Ecosystem
which help it to survive
• Humus
• Oxygen in water
• Light
• Heat
• Minerals
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