in this power point i have given the overview of freshwater ecosystem and covered mainly three type of ecosystem i.e lentic ecosystem, lotic ecosystem and wetlands.

1. FRESHWATER
ECOSYSTEM
Presented By: - Sushant Vashisht
Application No. : -02f16705e44e11e98daa4def2eea1491
Email : - svashishtv@gmail.com
Course name: - Academic writing

2. Content:
Introduction.
Types of freshwater ecosystem.
Lentic ecosystem.
Lotic ecosystem.
Wetlands ecosystem.

3. Introduction:
A freshwater ecosystem is an aquatic
system that contains drinkable water or
water of almost no salty contents. It has
habitats classified by different factors,
including temperature, light penetration, and
vegetation. Its resources includes lakes,
ponds, rivers, streams, reservoirs, wetlands
as well as groundwater.

4. Types of freshwater ecosystem
Freshwater habitats may be conveniently
considered in 3 groups as follows:
 Lentic ecosystem ( Lakes and Ponds).
 Lotic ecosystem (Springs, Streams and Rivers).
 Wetlands (Swamps and Marshes).

5. Lentic ecosystem: -
Life span of this ecosystem ranges from few weeks to months for
seasonal bodies and several hundred years for lakes/ponds.
Species diversity is also low in freshwater as compared to marine
ecosystem.
Zones and stratification:
i. Littoral zone
ii. Limnetic zone
iii. Profundal zone
iv. Benthic zone
www.ourbc.com

6. Types of lake
Oligotrophic lake Eutrophic lake
www.eschooltoday.com

7. Lotic ecosystem
The ecosystem of a river, stream or spring.
Lotic refers to flowing water.
Zone in stream: -
 Rapid zone: -Rapids are areas of shallow, fast-flowing
water in a stream and this zone is occupied by some fish
which flows against the current(example:-Trout).
 Pool zone: -where velocity of current is reduced to settle
sand/slit.

8. Rapid zone Pool zone
www.britannica.com

9. Wetlands
 Wetland is an area where the soil remains either
waterlogged or submerged under shallow water for a long
period – from several weeks to whole year.
 Wetlands generally includes swamps, marshes, bog and
similar areas.
 Periodicity of water- level fluctuates with times.

10. Types of wetlands:
 Riverine wetlands: -These are located in low- lying
depression and are most productive in natural ecosystem.
 Lacustrine wetlands: -These are associated with lakes, ponds
and dammed river channels.
 Palustrine wetlands: - It includes Marches, bog, fen, wet
prairies occurs in depression not directly connected with lakes.
 Fen wetlands: - These are slightly acidic dominated by sedges
 Bog wetlands: - These are very acidic dominated by
sphagnum moss. Characterized by accumulation of peat.

11. Riverine wetlands:
• Riverine wetlands are the most
productive.
• Ocean-derived salinity is less
than 0.5 part per thousand.
• Wetlands within river and
stream channels.
Bog wetlands:
• It is characterized by wet,
spongy, poorly drained peaty
soil.
• It is very acidic in nature due to
algal growth.
• They cover vast areas in
the tundra and boreal
forest regions of Canada.
www.ourbc.com

12. Plastic- eating bacteria discovered
• Researchers at Shiv Nadar University have discovered two strains of
plastic eating bacteria from the wetlands of greater Noida.
• The bacterial species are :-
1. Exiguobacterium sibiricum strain DR11
2. Exiguobacterium undae strain DR14
https://www.indiatimes.com/news/india/noida-researchers-discover-plastic-
eating-bacteria-and-it-s-good-news-for-tackling-plastic-waste-377709.html

13. Reference:
 Eugene P.ODUM, Gray W. Barrett ;Fundamentals of ecology
 P.D. Sharma ; Ecology and environment.
 www.britannica.com/science/bog-wetland.
 www.wsj.com/articles/new-species-of-bacteria-eats-plastic-
1457636401
 www.indiatimes.com/news/india/noida-researchers-discover-
plastic-eating-bacteria-and-it-s-good-news-for-tackling-plastic-
waste-377709.html

14. Acknowledgement: -
 I am very thankful to the whole team of academic writing
that provided me the important and basic knowledge of
writing review paper, research articles etc.