1. The document describes the preparation and characterization of a nano graphite/polypyrrole composite electrode through the in situ polymerization of polypyrrole in the presence of nano graphite. 2. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and thermogravimetric analysis confirmed the formation of polypyrrole and the composite. 3. Electrochemical characterization through cyclic voltammetry, Tafel plots, and impedance spectroscopy showed the composite has promising properties for use as an electrode material in supercapacitors, with a high supercapacitance of 36.01F/g and stability over 50 cycles.

1. Electrochemical Characteristics of Nano graphite/
Polypyrrole Electrodes
Kavita Singhal
Department of Chemistry
G.B.Pant University of Agriculture and Technology,
Uttarakhand

2. Introduction
 Energy storage has become a serious concern due to industrialization and continuous consumption of fossil fuels. In this regard polymer
nanocomposites (PNCs) have been raised to meet out the shortage of energy.
Fig 1. Polymer nanocomposite
 Polypyrrole (PPy) has received significant attention for PNCs as polymer matrix. Upon treated with dopants, the electrical conductivity of
PPy can be increased by several orders of magnitude.
 To improve the mechanical, magnetic, thermal, electrical, gas barrier properties of PPy, It is blended with nanofillers that may either of
quantum dots, nanotubes, nanowires (conducting metals or semi-conducting carbons), layered silicates and metal oxide nanoparticles.
 These nanofillers are work as dispersed phase in PNCs.

3. Objectives
 Preparation of nano graphite /polypyrrole composite (GPC) through cationic surfactant
assisted in situ polymerization of PPy in presence of nanographite (NG) and characterized
by FT-IR and TGA
 To develop an electroactive electrode through depositing GPC over stainless
steel..
 To investigate the electrochemical behavior of GPC through cyclic voltammetry
(CV), Tafel plots and impedance spectroscopy in KOH (1.0M).

4. Experimental
 Synthesis of PPy
dropwise addtion
of FeCl3 solution
50±1°C
400 mm Hg
25 1C 25 1C
j
@ 500 rpm, 2h @ 500 rpm, 24h
Filter and washed
with DW
PPy
Py
+CTAB
+DW
 Development of GPC
N
N
N
N
N
N
n
H
H
H
H
H
H
S
O
O
O
SO3H
C O
PPy
Graphite
NMP
1200 rpm
15 min sonication
Nano Graphite/Polypyrrole composite (GPC)
SPS
Coating of GPC over SSGPC characterised by FT-IR
TGA
SS

5. GPC
Working electrodes
PPy
Graphite
SPS
Experimental
in NMP
Sonication
 Fabrication of WEs

6. Results
1. FT-IR of PPy
FT-IR spectra of PPy reveals:
 nC–C at 1463.2 cm-1 (symmetric ring stretching)
 nC–N at 1513.20 cm-1 (asymmetric ring stretching)
 2,5-disubstituted PPy at 1545.37 cm-1
 nC–N at 1160.40 cm-1 (doping state of PPy with Fe3+)
 nN–H at 3421.65 cm-1
 912 cm−1 corresponding to C-H deformation

7. 2. TGA of GPC
 Onset temperature is 300oC and weight residue (%) is 72.25.
 Endset temperature is 591oC and char residue (%) is -1.20.
3. Cyclic voltamattery
Fig.3 CV of GPC at scan rate 0.05 (a), 0.1(b) and 0.2 (c),
CV of GPC at cycle 50 (a’) and 1 cycle at 0.1 (b’) scan
rate respectively

8. 4. Tafel Plot
Fig.4a) Effect of Scan Rate on Cs of GPC @0.1 V/s in
KOH (a) and Tafel plot (b)
5. Nyquist Plot
Fig.5 Nyquist impedance plots of GPC electrodes

9. Conclusion
 In this work, Polypyrrole (PPy) was successfully synthesized by cationic surfactant assisted in situ polymerization.
 and nano graphite Polypyrrole composites (GPC) was also developed
 FT-IR and TGA experiments confirmed the formation of PPy and GPC.
 Tafel plot revealed, PPy shows an excellent corrosion resistance at -1.07 V with 4.02×10-4 A/cm2.
 The highest supercapacitance value of GPC was 36.01F/g @ 0.05 V/s with stability up to 50 cycles and capacitive
retention by ∼1% @ 0.1 V/s.
 This study reveals the promising nature of NG as filler for PPy to develop the GPC as possible electrode material for
supercapacitors.

10. References
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