The document discusses various types of pollution including air, water, solid waste and ozone layer depletion. It outlines the short term and long term health effects of each type of pollution. Some key ways to reduce pollution mentioned are using public transportation and fuel efficient vehicles to reduce air pollution, properly disposing of chemicals and waste to prevent water pollution, reducing consumption and recycling materials to limit solid waste pollution. The document advocates reducing, reusing, recycling and composting household waste to significantly decrease the amount of waste sent to landfills.

1. PollutionPollution
 Our interest in the topic of environment is toOur interest in the topic of environment is to
get a better understanding of the problemsget a better understanding of the problems
that are going to affect our lives and ourthat are going to affect our lives and our
children’s lives.children’s lives.
 The purpose of our research is to help othersThe purpose of our research is to help others
become more aware and informed about thebecome more aware and informed about the
environment and the problems we will have toenvironment and the problems we will have to
face during our lifetime.face during our lifetime.

2. PollutionPollution
Landfills are taking up a lot ofLandfills are taking up a lot of
space and creating harmfulspace and creating harmful
problems to the water and soil.problems to the water and soil.
This type of pollution is calledThis type of pollution is called
non point source pollutantsnon point source pollutants

3. PollutionPollution
The structural affect on society is thatThe structural affect on society is that
people are becoming more aware of thepeople are becoming more aware of the
problems of pollution and they areproblems of pollution and they are
recycling some of the products theyrecycling some of the products they
purchase.purchase.

4. PollutionPollution
 A manifest of population is there is goingA manifest of population is there is going
to be waste no matter what.to be waste no matter what.
 The latent aspects of the pollution haveThe latent aspects of the pollution have
come from not thinking of after effect fromcome from not thinking of after effect from
what we produce.what we produce.

5. PollutionPollution
 The dysfunctional part is even after weThe dysfunctional part is even after we
recognize a problem we continually keeprecognize a problem we continually keep
manufacturing that product with little effortmanufacturing that product with little effort
going into trying to eliminate the problems.going into trying to eliminate the problems.

6. PollutionPollution
 Between the years of 1947 through 1987Between the years of 1947 through 1987
factories would sometimes send their waste tofactories would sometimes send their waste to
outside companies.outside companies.
 The Lorentz family began a drum recyclingThe Lorentz family began a drum recycling
operationoperation

7. PollutionPollution
 Industry and individuals have the responsibility toIndustry and individuals have the responsibility to
produce, use and dispose of toxic material in anproduce, use and dispose of toxic material in an
environmentally safe manner.environmentally safe manner.
 It is now necessary for governments to provideIt is now necessary for governments to provide
education to its citizens about the issues surroundingeducation to its citizens about the issues surrounding
toxic waste and the options for alternative solutions.toxic waste and the options for alternative solutions.

8. LandfillsLandfills
The drawbacks:The drawbacks:
– Chemicals, heavy metals and bacteria can leak into the soilChemicals, heavy metals and bacteria can leak into the soil
and underground water tableand underground water table
– Organic waste in particular can cause problems byOrganic waste in particular can cause problems by
degrading to form leachate - a highly polluting liquiddegrading to form leachate - a highly polluting liquid
– Degradation in landfill sites also produces methane, which isDegradation in landfill sites also produces methane, which is
a 'greenhouse' gas which adds to global warming. A build-upa 'greenhouse' gas which adds to global warming. A build-up
of methane gas locally can also cause explosionsof methane gas locally can also cause explosions
– Some materials such as glass and plastics do not easilySome materials such as glass and plastics do not easily
break downbreak down
– Most sites are far away from the large towns where theMost sites are far away from the large towns where the
household waste was originally produced. This means highhousehold waste was originally produced. This means high
transportation costs and of course more fossil fuel use andtransportation costs and of course more fossil fuel use and
pollution.pollution.

9. IncinerationIncineration
Incineration is not waste-free and also has drawbacks.Incineration is not waste-free and also has drawbacks.
 Up to 10% of the incinerated waste becomes 'bottomUp to 10% of the incinerated waste becomes 'bottom
ash'. The bottom ash is itself disposed of in landfill sitesash'. The bottom ash is itself disposed of in landfill sites
 5% of the incinerated waste becomes 'fly ash' and has to5% of the incinerated waste becomes 'fly ash' and has to
be disposed of as hazardous wastebe disposed of as hazardous waste
 There is public concern about incineration.There is public concern about incineration.

10. PollutionPollution
How long does it take?How long does it take?
Various articles in the household garbage take vastly differentVarious articles in the household garbage take vastly different
times to bio-degrade.times to bio-degrade.
 Banana peelBanana peel - 3-4 weeks.- 3-4 weeks.
 Paper bagPaper bag - 1 month.- 1 month.
 Plastic bagPlastic bag - 1 million years.- 1 million years.
 Cotton rag -Cotton rag - 5 months.5 months.
 Wool sockWool sock - 1 year.- 1 year.
 Aluminum canAluminum can - 200-500 years.- 200-500 years.
 Leather shoeLeather shoe - 40-50 years.- 40-50 years.
 Styrofoam cupStyrofoam cup - For ever- For ever
 Tin canTin can - 50-100 years- 50-100 years
 WoodWood - 10-15 years- 10-15 years
 Glass bottleGlass bottle - Unknown- Unknown

11. In the Dorms……In the Dorms……
 90% of the people said that they would90% of the people said that they would
buy products that were more expensivebuy products that were more expensive
but made out of material easier tobut made out of material easier to
recycle if they could afford itrecycle if they could afford it
 Almost everyone recyclesAlmost everyone recycles
 Most people think recycling is importantMost people think recycling is important
because it helps to preserve ourbecause it helps to preserve our
environmentenvironment
 Most people feel that the governmentMost people feel that the government
should provide financial support towardsshould provide financial support towards
research of wind, solar, water, andresearch of wind, solar, water, and
other sources of naturally generatedother sources of naturally generated
powerpower

12. Types of PollutionTypes of Pollution
andand
Ways to Combat itWays to Combat it

13. Water PollutionWater Pollution
 Do not drain untreated chemicals into ponds, riversDo not drain untreated chemicals into ponds, rivers
and seas.and seas.
 Do not allow strong detergents to flow into freshDo not allow strong detergents to flow into fresh
water resources.water resources.
 Oil and chemical spills should be treated scientifically,Oil and chemical spills should be treated scientifically,
and not allowed to seep into the soil to spoil groundand not allowed to seep into the soil to spoil ground
water resources.water resources.
 All chemical waste should be treated in treatmentAll chemical waste should be treated in treatment
plants.plants.

14. Air PollutionAir Pollution
 Use vehicles sparingly. As far as possible, use publicUse vehicles sparingly. As far as possible, use public
transport.transport.
 Use fuel-efficient, non-polluting vehicles.Use fuel-efficient, non-polluting vehicles.
 Do not light open-air fires unnecessarily.Do not light open-air fires unnecessarily.
 Keep household and office interiors clean.Keep household and office interiors clean.
 As far as possible, use natural materials andAs far as possible, use natural materials and
products, so that manufacturing processes areproducts, so that manufacturing processes are
reduced.reduced.

15. Solid Waste PollutionSolid Waste Pollution
 As far as possible, use bio-degradable materials.As far as possible, use bio-degradable materials.
 Limit your consumption of material goods.Limit your consumption of material goods.
 Try to recycle as much as you can from used materials.Try to recycle as much as you can from used materials.
 Sort your garbage according to similarity of materials.Sort your garbage according to similarity of materials.
For example, all plastic bottles, garden waste, metalFor example, all plastic bottles, garden waste, metal
waste, etc., can be placed into individual bags.waste, etc., can be placed into individual bags.

16. Ozone Layer DepletionOzone Layer Depletion
 Do not use products that use CFC compounds.Do not use products that use CFC compounds.
– Cooling gases from compressors, refrigerators and airCooling gases from compressors, refrigerators and air
conditioners should not be allowed to escape into theconditioners should not be allowed to escape into the
air.air.

17. Effects on Your BodyEffects on Your Body
 Type of PollutionType of Pollution Air PollutionAir Pollution
– Short Term EffectsShort Term Effects Cough and cold, sneezing, breathingCough and cold, sneezing, breathing
problems, skin irritation Bronchitisproblems, skin irritation Bronchitis
– Long Term EffectsLong Term Effects asthma, lung cancer, skin cancer.asthma, lung cancer, skin cancer.
 Type of PollutionType of Pollution Water PollutionWater Pollution
– Short Term EffectsShort Term Effects Viral and bacterial infections, skinViral and bacterial infections, skin
infections.infections.
– Long Term EffectsLong Term Effects Kidney problems, stomach cancer,Kidney problems, stomach cancer,
ulcer, skin cancer.ulcer, skin cancer.
 Type of PollutionType of Pollution Solid Waste PollutionSolid Waste Pollution
– Short Term EffectsShort Term Effects Bad odor, wastage of space, skin andBad odor, wastage of space, skin and
respiratory diseases, gastric disorders.respiratory diseases, gastric disorders.
– Long Term EffectsLong Term Effects Bronchitis, asthma, lung, skin andBronchitis, asthma, lung, skin and
stomach cancers, animal deaths.stomach cancers, animal deaths.
 Type of PollutionType of Pollution Ozone Layer DepletionOzone Layer Depletion
– Short Term EffectsShort Term Effects Skin and eye irritation.Skin and eye irritation.
– Long Term EffectsLong Term Effects Skin cancer, eye cataract.Skin cancer, eye cataract.

18. Controlling PollutionControlling Pollution
More than 90% of the waste generated by households isMore than 90% of the waste generated by households is
currently being disposed of in landfills or incinerators. Yet, if wecurrently being disposed of in landfills or incinerators. Yet, if we
all took a few, simple actions, we could reduce this amountall took a few, simple actions, we could reduce this amount
considerably and really make a difference.considerably and really make a difference.
What can we do?What can we do?
 ReduceReduce: generate less waste in the first place.: generate less waste in the first place.
 Re-useRe-use: finding new uses for household waste.: finding new uses for household waste.
 RecycleRecycle: recovering and reprocessing material and turning it: recovering and reprocessing material and turning it
into a new product.into a new product.
 CompostCompost: making compost for the garden from organic: making compost for the garden from organic
household waste.household waste.
 Buy RecycledBuy Recycled: choosing to buy products that already contain: choosing to buy products that already contain
recycled material.recycled material.