In the 1890s-1905, Booker T. Washington and W.E.B. DuBois disagreed on the path to civil rights for African Americans. Washington advocated for industrial education and economic advancement through vocations like agriculture. DuBois pushed for higher education and direct political action to fight for civil rights and social change. Their debate reflected differing views on whether the focus should be integration or immediate social reform.

2.  1800
Alexander Hamilton was Secretary of Treasure, and Thomas Jefferson
was Secretary of State. Both were running for president.
 Presidency; U.S. direction in the future; economic goals.
 State vs.. federal constitution; industrial capitalistic society vs.. rural agrarian
society
 Jefferson wins the presidency in what is known as the "Revolution of 1800," which is
the first time an opposing political faction rises to power through peaceful means.
 Hamilton was a Federalist: wanted a strong centralized government that depended
on industry and commerce, favored a tariff system to help manufacturers
 Jefferson was a Democratic-Republican: wanted a decentralized government,
favored a tariff system that supported farmers

3. 
 1876

 The election of 1876.

 Dispute over the number of votes in the electoral
college Hayes actually received; Ruther(fraud) B.
Hayes.

 The Compromise of 1877 gave the disputed votes to
Hayes, who won the electoral votes 185-184 and thus
the presidency.

 It became known as the “second corrupt bargain”.

4.  1919
 Ratification of the Treaty of Versailles and U.S. admission into the League of
Nations.
 Article 10 of League: must give assistance to a member with external aggressions
(alliances)
 Wilson's refusal to compromise; ineffectiveness of the resolutions; permanent
alliances with other nations.
 Lodge believes the US must not become involved foreign affairs and it threatens the
Congressional right to declare war.
 Lodge exempts the US from Article 10 and attaches new changes for it to take
effect; Wilson is unable to accept due a stroke.
 Wilsons asked Senate Democrats to vote against the Treaty of Versailles unless Lodge
drops the changes; neither side shifted.
 The United States does not join the League of Nations.
 Treaty of Versailles is ratified

5. 
 1935

 NRA; New Deal programs; Roosevelt proposes the “court-packing”
scheme as part of the Judiciary Reorganization Bill of 1937.

 The constitutionality of various New Deal programs enacted by
Roosevelt; the constitutionality of "court packing," or instituting
other justices into the Supreme Court to help achieve his goals.

 The NRA is ruled unconstitutional.

 Democrats in Congress began to vote more conservatively so the
chances of any more significant New Deal programs became slim

6.  1972
 Watergate Scandal.
 Nixon involved in illegal acts of spying on opposing Democrats.
Nixon also defied the authority of Congress by refusing to
deliever tapes and other materials of evidence to the committee.
 Nixon is impeached and later resigns. The American people are
disillusioned by the president
 Watergate became a symbol of the President having too much
power – “Imperial Presidency”

7. 
 1970, during the Women’s Liberation Movement

Gloria Steinem: She was an American feminist, journalist, and social and political
activist who became a media spokeswoman for the women’s liberation movement in
the late 1960s and 1970s.
 Phyllis Schafley: She is a Constitutional lawyer and a conservative activist. She is
known for her opposition towards feminism and campaigned against the Equal Rights
Amendment.

 This case was dealt with the decision on whether or not women and men should
have equal rights. This involved the Equal Rights Amendment and the rights of
women. Schafley was against the Equal Rights Amendment while Steinem supported
it.

 Steinem and Schafley argued over the possible outcomes of the Equal Rights
Amendment.

 Although the Equal Rights Amendments was approved by Congress, it failed to be
ratified by the states. Regardless, it helped bring about more power for women.

8.  1951, during the conflict between China and North Korea.
Harry S. Truman:Was the president of the U.S. from 1945-1953. He ended
WWII and eventually started a new one in Korea.
 Douglas MacArthur: He was an American general.
 Truman disapproved of MacArthur’s military strategy, such as using
nuclear weapons against China.
The main issue focused was General MacArthur and the use of
nuclear weapons against North Korea and China. Truman wanted to make
peace negotiations with North Korea and China, fearing that using these
nuclear weapons would result in the Soviet Union to enter the war in
Korea.
As a result of their conflict, Truman relieved MacArthur.

9. 1890s
William Jennings Bryan: Was a Democratic Politician
William McKinley: Republican Politician
Elections during the 1890-1900s. They also
debated on national currency, where Bryan supported
“Free Silver” while McKinley supported the Gold Standard.
Had conflicts whether or not the national currency
should be “free coinage of silver” and bimetallism or Gold
Standard.
McKinley won the elections and passed the Gold
Standard Act of 1900.

10. 1787
 (Federalists) Alexander Hamilton, James Madison, George
Washington, and John Jay
 (Anti-federalists) Thomas Jefferson, Patrick Henry, Samuel
Adams, and Richard Henry
 Conflict: The ratification of the Constitution of the United States
 The Federalists were supporters of the Constitution whom liked
how the Constitution balanced power between the states and the
national government.
 Anti-Federalists opposed the new Constitution and were against
having a strong central government. Feared government would
ignore rights of majority . Their biggest problem was that the
Constitution lacked any protection for individual rights.
 Impact: The formation of a two-party system and the creation of
the Bill of Rights.

11.  1830s
 Andrew Jackson-President of the U.S. Nicholas Biddle-President
of the Back of U.S
Andrew Jackson opposed the Bank and sought to destroy
and weaken the banks. He refused to re-charter it until it
expired. Jackson supported hard-money and opposed banks
lending paper currency ever since the consequences from the
panic of 1797.
 Nicholas Biddle fought to keep the banks running.
 The Bank of the U.S died in 1836. it led to a recession, and an
unstable economy.

12.  Early 1930s
Roosevelt was a liberal. Hoover was a conservative
 The government intervening in the depressive economy
Hoover wanted to approach the Depression with “laissez-faire”-
tactics; the government would not step in or spend federal money to help
the people and the economy in fear of further damage.
 Roosevelt believed in involvement in ( RRR) the economy and the
affected people. He proposed countless relief programs to get everyone
out of the Depression, and approve of government spending.
The New Deal and WWII helped give many opportunities to
people in employment and help stir the economy again and driving them
out of the Depression.

13.  1960s
The method of how colored Americans going to obtain
their rights during the Civil Rights Movement
 Both sides advocated for immediate, direct action for Civil
Rights, Martin King. Jr supported passivism and nonviolence,
while Malcolm X accepted violence, self-defense was more
radical.
 Both sides encouraged colored Americans to not wait for change,
but disagreed on the method of resistance. After both leaders
died, in 1968, the Civil Rights legislation was passed.

14.  1890’s-1905
Views on Earning Civil Rights and the future of the colored
American.
 Washington believed Negroes should take part in an industrial education
and seek a job in agricultural/trades. He believed instead of reaching for
short-ranged social change, Negroes should focus on self-advancement
through self-improvement and assimilation into society by gaining
economic statues through their industrial works.
 DuBois did not believe in agricultural/trade schools, but in a full
education in an university. He also believed that Negroes should fight for
Civil Rights push for immediate change.
Dubois was one of the founders of the National Association for the
Advancement of Colored people, which fought for equal rights, politically
and economically.
 Booker T. Washington delivered his Atlantic Compromise in 1895.