The document summarizes key events and developments during George Washington's presidency from 1789-1801. It outlines the establishment of the executive, judicial, and legislative branches, including the first cabinet members and departments. It also discusses the Bill of Rights, establishing the capital in Washington D.C., Hamilton's economic plan, the growing divide between the Federalist and Democratic-Republican parties, American neutrality during conflicts between England and France, and the Whiskey Rebellion. Washington established important precedents and left the nation in a stronger financial position.

1. 1789-1801

2.  EXECUTIVE BRANCH
 Executive Cabinet
 This is a group of department heads that advise the
president
 Washington developed 4 departments for his cabinet
 Department of State – Thomas Jefferson
 Department of War – Henry Knox
 Secretary of Treasury – Alexander Hamilton
 Attorney General – Edmond Randolph

3.  JUDICIAL BRANCH
 Judiciary Act of 1789
 Organized the national court system
 Set the Supreme Court at 6 members
 John Jay was appointed as First Chief Justice

4.  LEGISLATIVE BRANCH
 Congress began with some interesting topics to
start the first session:
 Dealing with the national debt
 Setting their own salary: $6/day!
 Deciding what to call the President officially:

5.  What:A collection of amendments to the
New Constitution promised by James Madison
that would protect individual rights.
 Description:
 #1 – freedom of Conscience
 #2-4 – Security and Privacy
 #5-8 – Rights of the accused
 #9-10 – More restrictions on Federal Power
 Why: James Madison promised to introduce
them in exchange for support for
ratification.

7.  Funding– The U.S. Government would issue
bonds with 6% interest to all that it owed
money to for goods or military services.
 Monetizing debt – turning debt into money
 Assumption – The U.S. Government took over
all of the state debts.
 Most of the Southern states were paid off while
the N.E. states were not – unfair practice

8.  Thecompromise – Hamilton promised to get
northern support to make the nations
permanent capitol city in the south along the
Potomac River – Federal City
 Washington chose the site that would eventually
bear his name.
 The city would be occupied in 10 years
 Philadelphia would remain the temporary capitol
until them.

9.  National Bank would
 Provide ONE national currency
 Local branches would provide good business loans
to spur the economy
 Would have a 20 year charter
 Problem– Congress had not constitutional
power to start a bank
 Hamilton convinced Washington that his
interpretation of the Constitution was right and
Washington signed it into law

10.  Problem– Congress had not constitutional
power to start a bank
 This was the first rift in Washington’s
administration
 Views of the Constitution:
 Loose Constructionist – those who advocate more
flexibility in reading the Constitution.
 Interpretation based on today’s society views.
 Strict Constructionist – those who hold to a closer
reading of the Constitution.
 Interpretation based on the writer’s original intent.

12.  Federalist Party  Democratic-
 Poverty to power
Republican Party
 Inherited wealth
 Emotionally
reserved  Very emotional
 Intense focus  Had many interests
 More focus driven  More individual
 Loved order
focus
 Loved liberty
 “Letter of the Law”
 “Spirit of the Law”
It is said that the only thing these two men had in
common was their hatred for one another!

13.  Strong national  Limited National
Government Government
 Lose Constructionist  Strict Constructionist
 National Bank  Opposed National
 Economy based on Bank
Industry  Economy based on
 Supporters: lawyers, farming
merchants,  Supporters: Farmers,
manufacturers Trades people
 “Hamiltonians”  “Jeffersonians”

14.  French Revolution
 England (ally) and France (ally) want to war against
each other
 The struggle: who do we support?
 Republicans – pro-French
 Federalists – pro-England
 Proclamation of Neutrality

15.  Citizen Genet – Edmond Charles Genet
 A French ambassador that attempted to push America to
support France by touring the country
 Appealed directly to President Washington (failed)
 Attempted to raise and army and privateer navy of
Americans to fight Spain (England’s Ally)
 When the new French government came to arrest him,
Washington gave him asylum in exchange of his silence.
 Genet married an American, moved to New York and took up
farming for the rest of his life!

16.  Jay’s Treaty
 England began raiding American Shipping
 Chief Justice John Jay was sent to England to
Negotiate
 The Agreement:
 Uphold the Treaty of Paris by evacuating all British
troops from American soil (never really happened)
 England offered to pay for shipping losses from over
the past year.
 War with England was averted
***The U.S. still had no Navy to back American ships***

17.  Whiskey Rebellion – A new tax attempt on the
production of liquor
 Many farmers did not like this – corn is a primary
ingredient in liquor
 Western Pennsylvania – about 500 farmers attacked a
liquor tax collector’s house
 John Neville was a friend of President Washington
 The Precedent: the Federal Government had the
power and will to enforce its own laws
 Washington personally led 13,000 soldiers into Western PA
to end the rebellion
 Arrested and then pardoned about 20 farmers
 Was a good reminder that the people had the power th
change government but needed to do it legally at the
ballot box!

18. A legacy left behind
 A larger country geographically: 3 new states
 A stronger nation
 Financial situation was stable
 The Constitution was proven and found practical
 Set the Nation’s foreign policy until WWII