I have described VoLTE IMS Architecture in simplified way . Are you also finding 3GPP Specs complicated & Complex for VoLTE IMS . It covers Role played by individual Networks Elements as mentioned below :-
# VoLTE SIP Handset : SIP Support , UAC , UAS , User Agent , SIP-UA
# Underlying LTE Network : MME , SGW , PGW , PCRF , HSS , Dedicated Bearer , QCI , Default Bearer
# IMS Core : SIP Servers , P-CSCF , I-CSCF , S-CSCF , TAS , MMTEL , BGw , MRF , ATCF , ATGW , IBCF , MGCF , IM-MGW , TrGW
# Voice Core or PSTN Network for Break-in or Break-out Calls
Introduction of PS Core Network Elements and little bit of EPC/LTE Network. This is introductory slides pack for a 10 class/slides set for detail introduction of 2G/3G and LTE PS Core Network.
Tutorial about MPLS Implementation with Cisco Router, this first of two chapter discuss about What is MPLS, Network Design, P, PE, and CE Router Description, Case Study of IP MPLS Implementation, IP and OSPF Routing Configuration
I have described VoLTE IMS Architecture in simplified way . Are you also finding 3GPP Specs complicated & Complex for VoLTE IMS . It covers Role played by individual Networks Elements as mentioned below :-
# VoLTE SIP Handset : SIP Support , UAC , UAS , User Agent , SIP-UA
# Underlying LTE Network : MME , SGW , PGW , PCRF , HSS , Dedicated Bearer , QCI , Default Bearer
# IMS Core : SIP Servers , P-CSCF , I-CSCF , S-CSCF , TAS , MMTEL , BGw , MRF , ATCF , ATGW , IBCF , MGCF , IM-MGW , TrGW
# Voice Core or PSTN Network for Break-in or Break-out Calls
Introduction of PS Core Network Elements and little bit of EPC/LTE Network. This is introductory slides pack for a 10 class/slides set for detail introduction of 2G/3G and LTE PS Core Network.
Tutorial about MPLS Implementation with Cisco Router, this first of two chapter discuss about What is MPLS, Network Design, P, PE, and CE Router Description, Case Study of IP MPLS Implementation, IP and OSPF Routing Configuration
BGP Multihoming Techniques, by Philip Smith.
A presentation given at APRICOT 2016’s BGP Multihoming Techniques (Part 1 and 2) sessions on 24 February 2016.
Diameter is an authentication, authorization, and accounting protocol for computer networks. It evolved from and replaces the much less capable RADIUS protocol that preceded it. in this presentation I will try to familiarize you with the new AAA protocol and deep dive into the diameter protocol details, Credit Control Application (Gx,Gy and GZ) and sample use case for peering Sandvine PTS (Working as PCEF) with freePCRF.server and finally introduce you with seagull, a popular test tool to test different diameter-based scenarios. Hope you like it
basim.alyy@gmail.com
basimaly.wordpress.com
https://eg.linkedin.com/pub/basim-aly/38/774/228
A quick look at 5G System architecture in Reference point representation and in Service Based representation and also look at the different Network Functions (NFs) within the 5G System.
Beginners: Different Types of RAN Architectures - Distributed, Centralized & ...3G4G
In this basic tutorial we look at different types of RAN architectures that are always being discussed. We start with the Distributed RAN (D-RAN) and then look at Centralized and Cloud RAN (both referred to as C-RAN) architectures. We also quickly look at RAN functional splits for 5G and then tie this all together.
We also look at how Samsung and Nokia discuss these architectures in the context of 5G.
All our #3G4G5G slides and videos are available at:
Videos: https://www.youtube.com/3G4G5G
Slides: https://www.slideshare.net/3G4GLtd
Open RAN Page: https://www.3g4g.co.uk/OpenRAN/
5G Page: https://www.3g4g.co.uk/5G/
Free Training Videos: https://www.3g4g.co.uk/Training/
BGP Multihoming Techniques, by Philip Smith.
A presentation given at APRICOT 2016’s BGP Multihoming Techniques (Part 1 and 2) sessions on 24 February 2016.
Diameter is an authentication, authorization, and accounting protocol for computer networks. It evolved from and replaces the much less capable RADIUS protocol that preceded it. in this presentation I will try to familiarize you with the new AAA protocol and deep dive into the diameter protocol details, Credit Control Application (Gx,Gy and GZ) and sample use case for peering Sandvine PTS (Working as PCEF) with freePCRF.server and finally introduce you with seagull, a popular test tool to test different diameter-based scenarios. Hope you like it
basim.alyy@gmail.com
basimaly.wordpress.com
https://eg.linkedin.com/pub/basim-aly/38/774/228
A quick look at 5G System architecture in Reference point representation and in Service Based representation and also look at the different Network Functions (NFs) within the 5G System.
Beginners: Different Types of RAN Architectures - Distributed, Centralized & ...3G4G
In this basic tutorial we look at different types of RAN architectures that are always being discussed. We start with the Distributed RAN (D-RAN) and then look at Centralized and Cloud RAN (both referred to as C-RAN) architectures. We also quickly look at RAN functional splits for 5G and then tie this all together.
We also look at how Samsung and Nokia discuss these architectures in the context of 5G.
All our #3G4G5G slides and videos are available at:
Videos: https://www.youtube.com/3G4G5G
Slides: https://www.slideshare.net/3G4GLtd
Open RAN Page: https://www.3g4g.co.uk/OpenRAN/
5G Page: https://www.3g4g.co.uk/5G/
Free Training Videos: https://www.3g4g.co.uk/Training/
Great slides about factors to consider when looking at migrating to MPLS. OnCall Telecom can help with all your migration and design concerns and handle your migration from order to implementation. Contact us today to discuss your organization's needs!
Optare Solutions Network Applications BU Brochureantonry
Carriers concurrently need to re-evaluate their current service delivery strategy when streamlining their systems. Horizontal next-generation service delivery platforms (NG SDPs) are becoming a strategic focus in these scenarios.
Our specialization on Service Gatekeeper (OCSG) and Converged Application Server (OCCAS) from Oracle Communications SDPs suite, give us the ability to offer solutions :
Network and Service exposure
OSS/BSS gateways
Payment Gateways: Personalized Billing and Charging solutions
Third-party Abstraction
Service creation and execution environments
Partner Management
Thanks to our Architects and Consultants we offer services of specific training, consulting and Professional Services, and turn-key project for SDPs deployment and integration.
IPTV become very interesting service when broadband access is there, but from the beginning, content will be the major issues. So, integrating Internet TV content on top of IPTV Platform will be the solution.
Javier Benitez's talk from the 2017 Open Networking Summit.
Colt is transforming the way they do business and offer network services to customers through the adoption of SDN & NFV as part of a company-wide transformation program called Novitas. Javier Benitez will focus in this presentation on active Colt’s Novitas developments, sharing with the audience their experience in deploying SDN & NFV solutions in production both for Ethernet and IP services, the learning associated as well as their future plans. In particular, Javier Benitez will cover Colt developments around Ethernet & IP on Demand, SD VPN, SDN controlled MPLS packet core and SDN/NFV NNI standardization.
CISCO: Accelerating Small Cell Deployments in the EnterpriseSmall Cell Forum
Mark Grayson, distinguished engineer at CISCO presented on the Small Cell Forum stand at MWC on accelerating small cell deployments within the enterprise zone.
Bridging the Digital Gap Brad Spiegel Macon, GA Initiative.pptxBrad Spiegel Macon GA
Brad Spiegel Macon GA’s journey exemplifies the profound impact that one individual can have on their community. Through his unwavering dedication to digital inclusion, he’s not only bridging the gap in Macon but also setting an example for others to follow.
# Internet Security: Safeguarding Your Digital World
In the contemporary digital age, the internet is a cornerstone of our daily lives. It connects us to vast amounts of information, provides platforms for communication, enables commerce, and offers endless entertainment. However, with these conveniences come significant security challenges. Internet security is essential to protect our digital identities, sensitive data, and overall online experience. This comprehensive guide explores the multifaceted world of internet security, providing insights into its importance, common threats, and effective strategies to safeguard your digital world.
## Understanding Internet Security
Internet security encompasses the measures and protocols used to protect information, devices, and networks from unauthorized access, attacks, and damage. It involves a wide range of practices designed to safeguard data confidentiality, integrity, and availability. Effective internet security is crucial for individuals, businesses, and governments alike, as cyber threats continue to evolve in complexity and scale.
### Key Components of Internet Security
1. **Confidentiality**: Ensuring that information is accessible only to those authorized to access it.
2. **Integrity**: Protecting information from being altered or tampered with by unauthorized parties.
3. **Availability**: Ensuring that authorized users have reliable access to information and resources when needed.
## Common Internet Security Threats
Cyber threats are numerous and constantly evolving. Understanding these threats is the first step in protecting against them. Some of the most common internet security threats include:
### Malware
Malware, or malicious software, is designed to harm, exploit, or otherwise compromise a device, network, or service. Common types of malware include:
- **Viruses**: Programs that attach themselves to legitimate software and replicate, spreading to other programs and files.
- **Worms**: Standalone malware that replicates itself to spread to other computers.
- **Trojan Horses**: Malicious software disguised as legitimate software.
- **Ransomware**: Malware that encrypts a user's files and demands a ransom for the decryption key.
- **Spyware**: Software that secretly monitors and collects user information.
### Phishing
Phishing is a social engineering attack that aims to steal sensitive information such as usernames, passwords, and credit card details. Attackers often masquerade as trusted entities in email or other communication channels, tricking victims into providing their information.
### Man-in-the-Middle (MitM) Attacks
MitM attacks occur when an attacker intercepts and potentially alters communication between two parties without their knowledge. This can lead to the unauthorized acquisition of sensitive information.
### Denial-of-Service (DoS) and Distributed Denial-of-Service (DDoS) Attacks
This 7-second Brain Wave Ritual Attracts Money To You.!nirahealhty
Discover the power of a simple 7-second brain wave ritual that can attract wealth and abundance into your life. By tapping into specific brain frequencies, this technique helps you manifest financial success effortlessly. Ready to transform your financial future? Try this powerful ritual and start attracting money today!
Multi-cluster Kubernetes Networking- Patterns, Projects and GuidelinesSanjeev Rampal
Talk presented at Kubernetes Community Day, New York, May 2024.
Technical summary of Multi-Cluster Kubernetes Networking architectures with focus on 4 key topics.
1) Key patterns for Multi-cluster architectures
2) Architectural comparison of several OSS/ CNCF projects to address these patterns
3) Evolution trends for the APIs of these projects
4) Some design recommendations & guidelines for adopting/ deploying these solutions.
APNIC Foundation, presented by Ellisha Heppner at the PNG DNS Forum 2024APNIC
Ellisha Heppner, Grant Management Lead, presented an update on APNIC Foundation to the PNG DNS Forum held from 6 to 10 May, 2024 in Port Moresby, Papua New Guinea.
1.Wireless Communication System_Wireless communication is a broad term that i...JeyaPerumal1
Wireless communication involves the transmission of information over a distance without the help of wires, cables or any other forms of electrical conductors.
Wireless communication is a broad term that incorporates all procedures and forms of connecting and communicating between two or more devices using a wireless signal through wireless communication technologies and devices.
Features of Wireless Communication
The evolution of wireless technology has brought many advancements with its effective features.
The transmitted distance can be anywhere between a few meters (for example, a television's remote control) and thousands of kilometers (for example, radio communication).
Wireless communication can be used for cellular telephony, wireless access to the internet, wireless home networking, and so on.
6. Raisecom IP/MPLS Positioning
• Raisecom MPLSseries focusonAccess and AGG layers,where iTN8800 and CPEs can be deployed in both
business and MBH applications.
• The iTN8800 can be pre-aggregator or aggregator, depends on the customer network.
6
POP
Termination Unit
Core MPLS
Network
Access
CPEs
iTN8800
iTN8800
With single
or dual
main
control card
• Building Aggregation Ring
• Converge customer service
• Schedule and forward based on
MPLS or Carrier Ethernet
• Legacy TDM network
compatible with CES
• High scalability with IP MPLS &
MPLS-TP technologies
iTN200
RAX711
RAX700
Pre-Aggregation or
Aggregation
Core Network or
Aggregation
Network
MPLS
End to end OAM/SLA
End to end Protection
End to end service configuration
I am looking for a CPE L2/L3
with MPLS and also AGG to
complete the solution.
Sure, we can offer Access and
AGG solution IP/MPLS based
9. 9
• iTN8800 supply rich service access methods with various CPE devices.
IP MPLS Network
MPLS
PE
NVIEW
iTN8800iTN8800
iTN8800 iTN8800
MPLS
Network Pre-Aggregator
Access
L2 ETH
EDD
RAX701
RAX711
RAX711-L
iTN201-R
iTN201-C
MPLS-TP
L2 ETH
RAX711-R
IP MPLS
Customer Benefits
• End-to-end service using MPLS
technology
• Greatly reduced Opex using IP
dynamic technology
• Various CPE devices with various
end-customer service
• Cost effective
Our Advantages
• End-to-End protection for Service
connection base BFD/OAM
• SLA/Measurement monitor based
on PW EFP, totally same to
customer’s service
• Both MPLS-TP and IP MPLS stack
• Uniform manage with all
Raisecom’s service, including
E1/SDH/ETH/MPLS service.SDH
Network
L2 ETH
EOS iTN2100
Business Service Access
11. IP VPN
11
Customer Benefits
• Router Protocol help to build a native self-healing
network.
• Easy to supply and monitor L2VPN service, reduce
the OpEx with MPLS dynamical protocols.
• Easy to supply and plan complex multi-point to
multi-point service based on IP layer.
Our Advantages
• Cost effective CPE devices push the MPLS
VPN to the last-mile.
• Multi layer of protection and monitor
help to ensure end-customer’s service.
E1
Eth
BFD for LSP, LSP Ping/traceroute, LM/DM for LSP
L2VPN: BFD for PW, PW Ping/Traceroute, LM/DM for PW, Y.1731/RFC2544/Y.1564 over PW EFP
E1
Eth
MPLS
PE
MPLS P MPLS P
MPLS PMPLS P MPLS
PE
Router Protocol
Service Dynamic Created
IP VPN
L3VPN: BFD for IP, L3VPN Ping/Traceroute, IP SLA
Router
Switch
OLT
Gateway
Transmission – IP/MPLS L2VPN/L3VPN
13. • iTN201-R/RAX711-R as the legacy migration CPE device in IP/MPLS network
• iTN8800 as the legacy migration POP device or pre-aggregator in IP/MPLS network
Customer Benefits
• Cope with the aging of the legacy SDH Network
• No need to change the remote TDM terminals
one by one at customer side.
• Save the end-customer’s investment and save
the SP’s investment for new-generation packet
technology.
Our Advantages
• Rich experience on TDMoP (SAToP/CESoPSN) and
clock sync technologies ( ACR/DCR/SyncE/
IEEE1588v2)
• <50ms protection for TDM Service.
• 96xE1 or 24xSTM-1 or 6xSTM-4 ports, aggregate
maximum to 1.5K E1 services in 2U chassis. 13
SDH Network
MSAP
TDM
Terminal
Migration
Lowbandwidth
LowVendors
Lowspareparts
IP MPLS Network
PBX
MSAP
TDM
Terminal
HQ
STM-
1/4
STM-
1/4
E1 E1
Transmission – Legacy Migration
14. • The forwarding path of most services are fixed from the CPE to the edge of Core network.
• MPLS-TP access supply predictability, reliability and OAM tools.
Solution
• The access/aggregate MPLS ring is
build with iTN8800.
• The iTN8800 will act as a demarcation
device between MPLS-TP and IP
MPLS.
• Use MS-PW change the static L2VPN
service to dynamic L2 service.
• The iTN8800 uplink port should be in
the same route domain as the edge
of IP MPLS network.
14
Our Advantages
• Support both MPLS-TP and IP MPLS
IP MPLS Network
iTN8800iTN8800
iTN8800 iTN8800
MPLS-TP
Network
iTN200
RAX711
iTN200
RAX711
ETH/E1 Static L2VPN Dynamic L2VPN
MS-PW
Transmission – MPLS-TP interop IP/MPLS
15. 15
Customer Benefits
• The iTN201-R is a platform for
transmiting 4G/3G/2G traffics.
RAX711-R helps to make a cost-
effective way to send 2G services.
• Transit the LTE S1/X1 data based
on L3VPN at the CPE help to
reduce the load of aggregators.
• Multi layer protection and
OAM/SLA for the critical voice
data.
Our Advantages
• A series cost-effective device
supporting both TDMoP and MPLS
VPN features.
• Support both PTP and SyncE
features for clock synchronization.
• LTE service must use MPLS L3VPN for mobile signal and user data.
• IEEE1588v2 BC/TC and GPS, all can be used as clock.
MME/EPC
eNodeB eNodeB2G 2G
BC/TC
BC/TC BC/TC
BC/TCsyncE syncE
IP E1 IP E1
BSC
L3VPN
L3VPN
X1S1
CES
Clock
GPS
Grand MasterHow to Into MBH Market?
iTN201
GPS
Small Cell
Backhaul
Router
RAX711
Service
& Clock
Mobile Backhaul – IPRAN
16. • iTN201-R and RAX711-R act as a MCE (Multi-VRF CE) device for multi-tenant L3 services.
16
Customer Benefits
• Customer’s different L3VPN services can share the
same device. Reduce the CapEx.
• PSN network can choose both L2VPN or Carrier
Ethernet pass through the service, not only MPLS
L3VPN.
Our Advantages
• Wire-speed L3 VRF and IP forwarding.
• Small compact router, GE combo plus E1 ports.
RAX-711R
Multi-VRF CPE