The document discusses different ways of organizing agricultural innovation. It begins by defining innovation as new combinations of existing knowledge put into use, rather than new inventions. It notes there are different forms innovation can take, including technological, organizational, institutional, and business innovations.
The document then examines five main ways innovation is organized: 1) research to farmer technology transfer, 2) farmer participatory technology development, 3) commercialization of public research by the private sector, 4) partnering with the private sector in value chain innovation, and 5) solving complex challenges through multi-stakeholder platforms. For each approach, it outlines the necessary tools, roles of research, strengths, and weaknesses.
The key message is that no single
I3L Powertalk Presentation on Innovation Systems: Implications for research a...Food_Systems_Innovation
On the 5 February 2016, Dr Andy Hall was the guest speaker at the Institute of Life Sciences at the I3L Powertalk series in Jakarta. Dr Hall talked about the Implications of innovation systems for research and policy.
Michaela Cosijn & Jen Kelly facilitated 2 days of training on
the nature of innovation as a wider process than research
that innovation takes different forms; different ways of organizing innovation each with its own set of tools; the rationale for using multi-stakeholder platforms for innovation, including innovation platforms; how & when to use innovation platforms, including what works well and typical challenges; the important of considering MEL during Project Design; the range of tools used for different aspects of monitoring evaluation and learning.
how to develop the activities, output, outcome, impact logic of projects; and how to select relevant tools for different MEL tasks
Beyond Europe: Priorities for Strengthening Agricultural Innovation Capacity ...LINKInnovationStudies
We are now entering the age of the "New Philanthropists', soon to become the biggest source of agricultural R&D grant-giving. Against this backdrop, and taking into aacount how national identities shape views on how science, technology and innovation should be “done”, an Englishman and a Dutchman share their personal fantasies about how they would spend their hypothetical millions in grants.
Next Steps for Strengthening Agricultural Innovation Systems: A Roadmap for I...LINKInnovationStudies
Agricultural growth will lead to poverty reduction. The innovation systems concept is a useful way of thinking about how to mobilise knowledge that suits the contemporary agricultural development situation. This requires new forms of capacity development at a systems level, but what is the road map to achieving this?
On the 11 November, Dr Andy Hall presented to the Australian Awards Short Course in Africa, run by the University of Sydney, on 'The good the bad and the ugly of Innovation Platforms (IP)'. He talked about their potential benefits when applied in certain circumstances and common challenges when applied in other circumstances.
Role of Extension in Agricultural Innovation Systems_Kristin Davis IFPRI-PIM
Presentation by Kristin Davis, executive secretary of the Global Forum for Rural Advisory Services (GFRAS) and research fellow at the International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI) who coordinates PIM’s research on rural advisory services.
I3L Powertalk Presentation on Innovation Systems: Implications for research a...Food_Systems_Innovation
On the 5 February 2016, Dr Andy Hall was the guest speaker at the Institute of Life Sciences at the I3L Powertalk series in Jakarta. Dr Hall talked about the Implications of innovation systems for research and policy.
Michaela Cosijn & Jen Kelly facilitated 2 days of training on
the nature of innovation as a wider process than research
that innovation takes different forms; different ways of organizing innovation each with its own set of tools; the rationale for using multi-stakeholder platforms for innovation, including innovation platforms; how & when to use innovation platforms, including what works well and typical challenges; the important of considering MEL during Project Design; the range of tools used for different aspects of monitoring evaluation and learning.
how to develop the activities, output, outcome, impact logic of projects; and how to select relevant tools for different MEL tasks
Beyond Europe: Priorities for Strengthening Agricultural Innovation Capacity ...LINKInnovationStudies
We are now entering the age of the "New Philanthropists', soon to become the biggest source of agricultural R&D grant-giving. Against this backdrop, and taking into aacount how national identities shape views on how science, technology and innovation should be “done”, an Englishman and a Dutchman share their personal fantasies about how they would spend their hypothetical millions in grants.
Next Steps for Strengthening Agricultural Innovation Systems: A Roadmap for I...LINKInnovationStudies
Agricultural growth will lead to poverty reduction. The innovation systems concept is a useful way of thinking about how to mobilise knowledge that suits the contemporary agricultural development situation. This requires new forms of capacity development at a systems level, but what is the road map to achieving this?
On the 11 November, Dr Andy Hall presented to the Australian Awards Short Course in Africa, run by the University of Sydney, on 'The good the bad and the ugly of Innovation Platforms (IP)'. He talked about their potential benefits when applied in certain circumstances and common challenges when applied in other circumstances.
Role of Extension in Agricultural Innovation Systems_Kristin Davis IFPRI-PIM
Presentation by Kristin Davis, executive secretary of the Global Forum for Rural Advisory Services (GFRAS) and research fellow at the International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI) who coordinates PIM’s research on rural advisory services.
By Ponniah Anandajayasekeram.
Presented at the ASTI-FARA conference Agricultural R&D: Investing in Africa's Future: Analyzing Trends, Challenges, and Opportunities - Accra, Ghana on December 5-7, 2011. http://www.asti.cgiar.org/2011conf
At the OECD PPP conference in Paris October 2014, Dr Andy Hall presented on how Australia's Food Systems Innovation project is helping to facilitate innovation at the interface of public and private sectors across a range of agri-food interventions that help frame more broad based partnerships
3rd Africa Rice Congress
Theme 4: Rice policy for food security through smallholder and agribusiness development
Mini symposium 3: Socio-economic drivers of change in rice sector development
Author: Akongo
The Development-Smart Innovation through Research in Agriculture Initiative (...Francois Stepman
The DeSIRA initiative was launched in 2017. The objective is to contribute to climate-relevant, productive and sustainable transformation of agriculture and food systems in low and middle-incomes countries
Three outcomes are expected:
• Foster innovation in agriculture through research for Food, Nutrition Security, and Sustainable Agriculture with a climate change perspective
• Strengthen national agricultural research (capacities, governance mechanisms) and innovation systems
• Improve efficiency of research and innovation support services for climate resilient food systems by enhancing evidence for policy design and implementation
The strategic approach for DeSIRA is based on the following key points:
• Connecting both EU & EU Member States development agendas and national priorities regarding agricultural and food systems
• Linking research and innovation to contribute to impacts at scale addressing climate change with clusters of projects funded by UE and Member States
• Strengthening national research capacities both at individual and organizational levels
• Contributing to the continental (Africa) and global governance of research (GFAR, CGIAR, AIRCA)
• Building strong partnerships involving European, International and National research capacities
• Contributing to the assessment and fostering of Agricultural Innovation Systems and national innovation policies with a Capacity to innovate based approach
Presentation Agri-food systems innovation: Reframing the conversationFood_Systems_Innovation
In this presentation Dr Andy Hall proposes the core elements of agri-food systems innovation narrative to catalyse a new conversation about how stakeholders including research agencies can engage in transformational change processes, like the SDGs.
From technology transfer (TT) to agricultural innovation systems (AIS)ILRI
Presented by Iddo Dror at the SEARCA Forum-workshop on Platforms, Rural Advisory Services, and Knowledge Management: Towards Inclusive and Sustainable Agricultural and Rural Development, Los Banos, 17-19 May 2016
Innovations in Institutional Arrangements: Towards Enabling Continuous Transi...LINKInnovationStudies
[Visit www.innovationstudies.org for more of our work.] Institutional innovation involves enabling new ways of working within an organisation. Two changes have been at centrestage in pressing for institutional innovation in agricultural research and development (ARD): stronger client orientation and greater use of partnerships. Further innovation in ARD Institutions is necessary to reach development goals. It is more sensible to enable institutional change to cope with an evolving situation in a specific context than prescribe changes. Therefore, there is a need to focus on transition rather than on destination in institutional arrangements.
Impact investment into inclusive agribusiness by m_winters(palladiumgroup)_se...Food_Systems_Innovation
Mark Winters and Mark Johnson from Palladium lead a study on Impact investment in inclusive agribusiness in Southeast Asia. The study assessed the current status, including the trends and challenges of impact investment and provided recommendations.
Michaela Cosijn presented at the Nutrition-sensitive Agriculture conference at University of Sydney on in the global innovation crisis rather than the global food crisis.
Dr Andy Hall (CSIRO) presented at Roundtable on Inclusive Agribusiness in Southeast Asia in Ho Chi Minh City in Sept 2015 on a number of distinctive innovation pathways and models for agribusiness (ranging from SME to Multinational) to become more inclusive
By Ponniah Anandajayasekeram.
Presented at the ASTI-FARA conference Agricultural R&D: Investing in Africa's Future: Analyzing Trends, Challenges, and Opportunities - Accra, Ghana on December 5-7, 2011. http://www.asti.cgiar.org/2011conf
At the OECD PPP conference in Paris October 2014, Dr Andy Hall presented on how Australia's Food Systems Innovation project is helping to facilitate innovation at the interface of public and private sectors across a range of agri-food interventions that help frame more broad based partnerships
3rd Africa Rice Congress
Theme 4: Rice policy for food security through smallholder and agribusiness development
Mini symposium 3: Socio-economic drivers of change in rice sector development
Author: Akongo
The Development-Smart Innovation through Research in Agriculture Initiative (...Francois Stepman
The DeSIRA initiative was launched in 2017. The objective is to contribute to climate-relevant, productive and sustainable transformation of agriculture and food systems in low and middle-incomes countries
Three outcomes are expected:
• Foster innovation in agriculture through research for Food, Nutrition Security, and Sustainable Agriculture with a climate change perspective
• Strengthen national agricultural research (capacities, governance mechanisms) and innovation systems
• Improve efficiency of research and innovation support services for climate resilient food systems by enhancing evidence for policy design and implementation
The strategic approach for DeSIRA is based on the following key points:
• Connecting both EU & EU Member States development agendas and national priorities regarding agricultural and food systems
• Linking research and innovation to contribute to impacts at scale addressing climate change with clusters of projects funded by UE and Member States
• Strengthening national research capacities both at individual and organizational levels
• Contributing to the continental (Africa) and global governance of research (GFAR, CGIAR, AIRCA)
• Building strong partnerships involving European, International and National research capacities
• Contributing to the assessment and fostering of Agricultural Innovation Systems and national innovation policies with a Capacity to innovate based approach
Presentation Agri-food systems innovation: Reframing the conversationFood_Systems_Innovation
In this presentation Dr Andy Hall proposes the core elements of agri-food systems innovation narrative to catalyse a new conversation about how stakeholders including research agencies can engage in transformational change processes, like the SDGs.
From technology transfer (TT) to agricultural innovation systems (AIS)ILRI
Presented by Iddo Dror at the SEARCA Forum-workshop on Platforms, Rural Advisory Services, and Knowledge Management: Towards Inclusive and Sustainable Agricultural and Rural Development, Los Banos, 17-19 May 2016
Innovations in Institutional Arrangements: Towards Enabling Continuous Transi...LINKInnovationStudies
[Visit www.innovationstudies.org for more of our work.] Institutional innovation involves enabling new ways of working within an organisation. Two changes have been at centrestage in pressing for institutional innovation in agricultural research and development (ARD): stronger client orientation and greater use of partnerships. Further innovation in ARD Institutions is necessary to reach development goals. It is more sensible to enable institutional change to cope with an evolving situation in a specific context than prescribe changes. Therefore, there is a need to focus on transition rather than on destination in institutional arrangements.
Impact investment into inclusive agribusiness by m_winters(palladiumgroup)_se...Food_Systems_Innovation
Mark Winters and Mark Johnson from Palladium lead a study on Impact investment in inclusive agribusiness in Southeast Asia. The study assessed the current status, including the trends and challenges of impact investment and provided recommendations.
Michaela Cosijn presented at the Nutrition-sensitive Agriculture conference at University of Sydney on in the global innovation crisis rather than the global food crisis.
Dr Andy Hall (CSIRO) presented at Roundtable on Inclusive Agribusiness in Southeast Asia in Ho Chi Minh City in Sept 2015 on a number of distinctive innovation pathways and models for agribusiness (ranging from SME to Multinational) to become more inclusive
International Agriculture research and Multi-stakehodler Partnerships in the ...Food_Systems_Innovation
At the Australasian Aid Conference, on the 11 February 2016 Dr Andy Hall presented findings from a recent study on International Agriculture Research and Multi-stakeholder partnerships in the era of the SDGs.
Presentation_Desinging & managing projects for impact at scale by Dr Andy Hal...Food_Systems_Innovation
In Nairobi on the 12th November 2015, Dr Andy Hall (CSIRO) lead a session as part of the Australian Award African Short Course with University of Sydney. Andy lead a discussion with approximately 25 participants from different academic institutions across Africa on different tools and approaches to MEL for designing and managing agriculture research for development projects.
Taking a wider view: Health Impacts on Agricultural Productivity in Southeast...Food_Systems_Innovation
Dr Lucy Carter presented to the SSEAC in University of Sydney on Lessons from working at the agriculture-health interface (Nutrition-sensitive Agriculture) in the Food Systems Innovation (FSI)
Innovation Platforms for increasing impact of research in Mozambique & IndiaFood_Systems_Innovation
Michaela Cosijn (CSIRO) presentation to the 'John Dillon Fellows' Workshop in Canberra in March 2015 & the 'Australian Award Fellowship' in Sydney in May 2015 on how successful collaborations and partnerships using innovation platforms can increase the impact of research.
Supporting SMEs and the inclusive agribusiness innovation system in Southeast...Food_Systems_Innovation
On 7 March 2016, CSIRO and Palladium presented the key findings and opportunities identified through their their recent studies into inclusive agribusiness innovation patterns and trends and impact investing in inclusive agribusiness in southeast asia at DFAT canberra office. In particular, they talked about the need/opportunity to support the inclusive agribusiness innovation system through mechanisms such as an innovation support facility.
NGOs & Businesses working together to empower women in the Agriculture sectorFood_Systems_Innovation
Michaela Cosijn presented to the Australian Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade (DFAT) Civil Society network in July 2015 in Canberra on how NGO & Business Partnerships can deliver Food Security and Economic Opportunity through Agriculture.
Innovation systems research: where we came from and where we could goFrancois Stepman
Published on 19 May 2016. Hyderabad, India. Presentation by Dr Andy Hall Project leader-Food Systems Innovation Agriculture Flagship Commonwealth Scientific Industrial and Research- -Organization (CSIRO) AUSTRALIA
Agricultural innovation systems (AIS) is a global perspective accidently invented by ICRISAT nearly 20 years ago. At that time ICRISAT along with the rest of the CGIAR was struggling with the question of how to improve the impact of its research. Partnership with the private sector as a way of achieving impact was a highly controversial idea. The failure of impact assessment research to make a difference and help set priorities could only be discussed in hushed whispers.
AIS thinking explained why partnership was critical for innovation. It explained why we needed to shift from measuring impact to learning how to achieve it. And it explained why (institutional) innovations in the innovation process were a critical part of an organization’s, a sector’s and a country’s capacity to innovate. Unsurprisingly it took many years before these ideas started to become main streamed and uncontroversial, but in the process many misunderstanding and confusion have crept in.
The promise remains that AIS can
be used operationally to help navigate and progress the process of innovation in different contexts and
it can help frame a missing learning and research enquiry on how innovation and impact at scale really happens.
Like all promises, there is work to do to keep that promise. So why not do it at ICRISAT where it all started?
Three challenges for innovators in rural developmentJacqueline Ashby
Innovation Asia Pacific Symposium J Ashby May 4 2009 Presentation. Discusses three challenges for innovators in rural development in relation to shortcomings of innovation systems theory and the need for engagement with policy.power relations and politics.
3rd Africa Rice Congress
Theme 5: Innovation systems and ICT tools for rice value chain
Mini symposium 4: Making science work: building innovation systems
Author: Defoer
Agricultural Innovation Systems: The Strengthening of DiversityLINKInnovationStudies
The theme for this presentation is the existence of and the increasing need for a diverse and expanding repertoire of ways of organising innovation in order to cope with the complex and fast-changing agricultural scenario. Accordingly, the challenge is not just to recognise this, but also how to enable the creation of this innovation diversity and how to reposition agricultural research within this rapidly changing landscape.
Presented by Iddo Dror at the SEARCA Forum-workshop on Platforms, Rural Advisory Services, and Knowledge Management: Towards Inclusive and Sustainable Agricultural and Rural Development, Los Banos, 17-19 May 2016
As part of the Global Development Institute Lecture Series Dr Irene Guijt, Head of Research at Oxfam GB, delivered a lecture entitled: Evidence for Influencing: Balancing research integrity and campaign strategy in Oxfam
When using evidence to influence, what compromises have to be made in different contexts due to practical, political and strategic reasons?
Dr Guijt presents on challenges and successes, using examples of Oxfam research and campaign strategies from across the world.
Social Innovation Workshop: How Can We Scale Land Based Social Enterprise?Shared Assets
Building on our research into social innovation and scaling, this slideshow presents a research outline, case studies, research themes and key concepts those working or interested in land based social enterprise.
Innovation Systems is a concept to help reveal and deal with the partnership and institutional issues that shape innovation processes and shape the contribution of research to that process. It recognises multiple knowledge bases, including research but also others. It is a capability to innovate, not just today but in ever-changing environments — i.e., it is a dynamic, adaptive capability. It is embedded in and defined by the institutional and policy contexts that shape the ways actors and organisations behave
Will a Time of Plenty for Agricultural and Livestock Research Help to Feed th...copppldsecretariat
Presentation from the Livestock Inter-Agency Donor Group (IADG) Meeting 2010. 4-5 May 2010 Italy, Rome IFAD Headquarters.
The event involved approximately 45 representatives from the international partner agencies to discuss critical needs for livestock development and research issues for the coming decade.
[ Originally posted on http://www.cop-ppld.net/cop_knowledge_base ]
Innovation and Entrepreneurship for Poverty Reduction: Policy and Capacity Ch...LINKInnovationStudies
The 2008 World Development Report recognised that development through agricultural innovation would be central to reducing poverty in the poorest countries. However, contemporary notions of innovation and innovation capacity, characterised by networks or systems to mobilise knowledge and use it in new ways, not only call into question the main policy instrument for agricultural innovation — research — but also challenge accepted ways of working across the whole agricultural development architecture, particularly arrangements associated with technology transfer. To paraphrase a large debate, often agricultural development does not need agricultural extension services to transfer “modern” technology. Rather, assistance is needed to help farmers to better embed in flexible networks that link them both to market opportunities and sources of information on practices, standards and preferences and sources in inputs, including credit, so that they can make the most of these changing opportunities. This presentation outlines some points for policymakers to consider.
Scaling up of Agricultural Technology in MalawiIFPRIMaSSP
On October 2, 2018, IFPRI Malawi hosted a research seminar, "Scaling up of Agricultural Technology in Malawi: A study of approaches used by agricultural research and development organizations," led by Frank Place, Director of the CGIAR Research Program on Policies, Institutions, and Markets. The seminar offered findings from a recent study conducted of agricultural research and development organizations in Malawi, aiming to determine which agricultural technologies and associated scaling up approaches are most widely used and/or successful.
DERIVATION OF MODIFIED BERNOULLI EQUATION WITH VISCOUS EFFECTS AND TERMINAL V...Wasswaderrick3
In this book, we use conservation of energy techniques on a fluid element to derive the Modified Bernoulli equation of flow with viscous or friction effects. We derive the general equation of flow/ velocity and then from this we derive the Pouiselle flow equation, the transition flow equation and the turbulent flow equation. In the situations where there are no viscous effects , the equation reduces to the Bernoulli equation. From experimental results, we are able to include other terms in the Bernoulli equation. We also look at cases where pressure gradients exist. We use the Modified Bernoulli equation to derive equations of flow rate for pipes of different cross sectional areas connected together. We also extend our techniques of energy conservation to a sphere falling in a viscous medium under the effect of gravity. We demonstrate Stokes equation of terminal velocity and turbulent flow equation. We look at a way of calculating the time taken for a body to fall in a viscous medium. We also look at the general equation of terminal velocity.
Richard's aventures in two entangled wonderlandsRichard Gill
Since the loophole-free Bell experiments of 2020 and the Nobel prizes in physics of 2022, critics of Bell's work have retreated to the fortress of super-determinism. Now, super-determinism is a derogatory word - it just means "determinism". Palmer, Hance and Hossenfelder argue that quantum mechanics and determinism are not incompatible, using a sophisticated mathematical construction based on a subtle thinning of allowed states and measurements in quantum mechanics, such that what is left appears to make Bell's argument fail, without altering the empirical predictions of quantum mechanics. I think however that it is a smoke screen, and the slogan "lost in math" comes to my mind. I will discuss some other recent disproofs of Bell's theorem using the language of causality based on causal graphs. Causal thinking is also central to law and justice. I will mention surprising connections to my work on serial killer nurse cases, in particular the Dutch case of Lucia de Berk and the current UK case of Lucy Letby.
Observation of Io’s Resurfacing via Plume Deposition Using Ground-based Adapt...Sérgio Sacani
Since volcanic activity was first discovered on Io from Voyager images in 1979, changes
on Io’s surface have been monitored from both spacecraft and ground-based telescopes.
Here, we present the highest spatial resolution images of Io ever obtained from a groundbased telescope. These images, acquired by the SHARK-VIS instrument on the Large
Binocular Telescope, show evidence of a major resurfacing event on Io’s trailing hemisphere. When compared to the most recent spacecraft images, the SHARK-VIS images
show that a plume deposit from a powerful eruption at Pillan Patera has covered part
of the long-lived Pele plume deposit. Although this type of resurfacing event may be common on Io, few have been detected due to the rarity of spacecraft visits and the previously low spatial resolution available from Earth-based telescopes. The SHARK-VIS instrument ushers in a new era of high resolution imaging of Io’s surface using adaptive
optics at visible wavelengths.
This presentation explores a brief idea about the structural and functional attributes of nucleotides, the structure and function of genetic materials along with the impact of UV rays and pH upon them.
Deep Behavioral Phenotyping in Systems Neuroscience for Functional Atlasing a...Ana Luísa Pinho
Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) provides means to characterize brain activations in response to behavior. However, cognitive neuroscience has been limited to group-level effects referring to the performance of specific tasks. To obtain the functional profile of elementary cognitive mechanisms, the combination of brain responses to many tasks is required. Yet, to date, both structural atlases and parcellation-based activations do not fully account for cognitive function and still present several limitations. Further, they do not adapt overall to individual characteristics. In this talk, I will give an account of deep-behavioral phenotyping strategies, namely data-driven methods in large task-fMRI datasets, to optimize functional brain-data collection and improve inference of effects-of-interest related to mental processes. Key to this approach is the employment of fast multi-functional paradigms rich on features that can be well parametrized and, consequently, facilitate the creation of psycho-physiological constructs to be modelled with imaging data. Particular emphasis will be given to music stimuli when studying high-order cognitive mechanisms, due to their ecological nature and quality to enable complex behavior compounded by discrete entities. I will also discuss how deep-behavioral phenotyping and individualized models applied to neuroimaging data can better account for the subject-specific organization of domain-general cognitive systems in the human brain. Finally, the accumulation of functional brain signatures brings the possibility to clarify relationships among tasks and create a univocal link between brain systems and mental functions through: (1) the development of ontologies proposing an organization of cognitive processes; and (2) brain-network taxonomies describing functional specialization. To this end, tools to improve commensurability in cognitive science are necessary, such as public repositories, ontology-based platforms and automated meta-analysis tools. I will thus discuss some brain-atlasing resources currently under development, and their applicability in cognitive as well as clinical neuroscience.
Seminar of U.V. Spectroscopy by SAMIR PANDASAMIR PANDA
Spectroscopy is a branch of science dealing the study of interaction of electromagnetic radiation with matter.
Ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy refers to absorption spectroscopy or reflect spectroscopy in the UV-VIS spectral region.
Ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy is an analytical method that can measure the amount of light received by the analyte.
Toxic effects of heavy metals : Lead and Arsenicsanjana502982
Heavy metals are naturally occuring metallic chemical elements that have relatively high density, and are toxic at even low concentrations. All toxic metals are termed as heavy metals irrespective of their atomic mass and density, eg. arsenic, lead, mercury, cadmium, thallium, chromium, etc.
1. Pipelines, partnerships and platforms: Different ways of
organizing agricultural innovation
Organising Innovation for Impact at Scale
Dr Andy Hall • CSIRO Research Group Leader – Global Agriculture Innovation Dynamics
11 November 2015
2. Objective
• Understand the nature of innovation as a wider process than research.
• Understand that innovation takes different forms.
• Understand that there are different ways of organizing innovation each
with its own set of tools.
• Understand how to select an approach appropriate to a task and the
challenges that might be encountered.
Different ways of organising agriculture innovation• Dr Andy Hall2 |
3. Innovation: meaning
• The process of creating and putting into use combinations of knowledge from
many different sources
• This knowledge may be brand-new, but usually it is new combinations of
existing knowledge
• Not research or technology, but might involve both.
• To be termed innovation, the use of this knowledge has to be novel to the
farmer or the firm, neighbours and competitors, but not necessarily new
globally
• Invention, on the other hand, is the creation of new knowledge new to the
world, usually by research organisations, but also by artisans and others
3 | Different ways of organising agriculture innovation• Dr Andy Hall
4. What does innovation look like?
• Technological innovation: Farmers adopting
a new crop variety, a new agronomic
practice, or animal feeding regime.
• Organizational innovation: farmers work
collectively to market produce.
• Institutional innovation. Researchers form
new partnerships with farmers and
companies to deliver solutions that give
income and profits
4 | Different ways of organising agriculture innovation• Dr Andy Hall
5. What does innovation look like?
• Business innovation: companies develop new products and
service or new ways of delivering these that create profit and
other value.
• Value chain innovation: Value chain actors use new ways to
procure, add value or market products.
• Policy innovation: regulations, rules and incentives that add
value to social and economic activity. Food standards, pesticide
approvals, new ways of financing farming and business
investment.
5 | Different ways of organising agriculture innovation• Dr Andy Hall
6. Why are we interested in agricultural innovation
and not just research?
• Increasing results orientation among funders of research
• Shelves of technology, poor uptake, weak demand orientation
• Increasingly complex agenda, food, environment, poverty reduction,
fuel, changing consumer demands
• New players and more prominence for the private sector
• Improved understanding of how ideas and technology come into use
6 | Different ways of organising agriculture innovation• Dr Andy Hall
7. How do we organize for innovation?
• There are broadly 2 views.
• A technology transfer pipeline view
• A “systems” views that suggests different types of
innovation need to be coupled together.
• Neither can be universally correct
• No blueprint.
• Approach needs to be tailored to task at hand.
7 | Different ways of organising agriculture innovation• Dr Andy Hall
13. InnovationFarmers
Public
delivery
systems
Private
delivery
systems
Research Technology Markets
Policy institutional environment
innovation
Innovation
NGO
support
services
innovation
innovation
innovation
Private
research
Farmer and
industry
associations
Consumer
groups
Policy
advocacy
groups
Social
entrepreneurs
SMEs
innovation
innovation
new urban markets ;global markets and competition; climate change; pest and diseases;
Shocks shocks
14. InnovationFarmers
Public
delivery
systems
Private
delivery
systems
Research Technology Markets
Policy institutional environment
innovation
Innovation
NGO
support
services
innovation
innovation
innovation
Private
research
Farmer and industry
associations
Consumer
groups
Policy
advocacy
groups
Social
entrepreneurs
SMEs
innovation
innovation
new urban markets ;global markets and competition; climate change; pest and diseases;
Shocks shocks
Learning loops
15. Different modes of agricultural innovation
• Research to farmer technology transfer
• Farmer participatory technology development
• Commercialization of public research by the private sector
• Partnering with the private sector in value chain innovation.
• Solving complex development challenges through multi-
stakeholder platforms
15 | Different ways of organising agriculture innovation• Dr Andy Hall
16. 16 •
1. Research to farmer technology
transfer
Different ways of organising agriculture innovation• Dr Andy Hall
17. 1. Research to farmer technology transfer
• Tools: Disciplinary and commodity based research.
Demonstration plots and related extension methods.
• Role of research: Knowledge discovery and
technology development.
• Necessary conditions. Well functioning extensions
services, effective markets and policies can help with
technology spread/scaling, mechanisms for
articulating farmer demand for technology.
17 | Different ways of organising agriculture innovation• Dr Andy Hall
18. 1. Research to farmer technology transfer
• Strengths: Familiar and easily understood. Works well for inputs
(seeds, fertilizer, crop protection and animal health). Simple M&E
• Weaknesses. Necessary conditions usually missing or weak.
Supply led leads to miss-match of technology to farmers needs.
Technology supply not linked to output market access. Poor
linkages to other sources of technology nationally and globally.
18 | Different ways of organising agriculture innovation• Dr Andy Hall
19. 19 •
2. Farmer participatory technology
development
Different ways of organising agriculture innovation• Dr Andy Hall
20. 2. Farmer participatory technology development
• Tools: participatory diagnostic appraisal and evaluation,
client-orientated breeding, joining farmers experiments,
farmer field schools.
• Role of research: scientific resource in farmers experiments.
• Necessary conditions: Professional transformation of
researchers, decentralization of research organizations, large
carder of para-researchers, collaboration with community
based organizations.
20 | Different ways of organising agriculture innovation• Dr Andy Hall
21. 2. Farmer participatory technology development
• Strengths: helps match farmer needs to research priorities; make use of existing
farmer ideas and technology; works well for NRM that needs community
collaboration; technology development, adaptation and adoption take place at
the same time.
• Weakness: Necessary conditions missing or weak. Researchers need capacity
building. Unclear how to spread innovation beyond pilots. Dominated by social
scientists. Undervalue the discovery role of research.
21 | Different ways of organising agriculture innovation• Dr Andy Hall
22. 22 •
3. Commercialization of public
research by the private sector
Different ways of organising agriculture innovation• Dr Andy Hall
23. 3. Commercialization of public research by the private
sector
• Tools: technology licensing, strategic alliances
and partnership, contract research.
• Role of research: service provider of technology
and R&D capability.
• Necessary conditions: Effective markets and
policy and regulatory frameworks. Alignment of
public and private sector goals.
23 | Different ways of organising agriculture innovation• Dr Andy Hall
24. 3. Commercialization of public research by the private
sector
• Strengths: Works well for inputs (seeds, fertilizer, crop protection and animal
health); private delivery systems effective and efficient with large reach.
Valuable when private sector has weak R&D capability. Simple M&E.
• Weaknesses: Limited range of research products fit the model; doesn’t work
well for information packages/ advice. Targets farmers that can pay, can miss
the poor. Mechanism to align public and private goals often missing
24 | Different ways of organising agriculture innovation• Dr Andy Hall
25. 25 •
4. Partnering with the private sector
in value chain innovation
Different ways of organising agriculture innovation• Dr Andy Hall
26. 4. Partnering with the private sector in value chain
innovation
• Tools: partnerships with inclusive businesses and producer
organizations, farmers groups, local level innovation platforms.
• Role of research: Service provider of technology and technical and
socio-economic expertise; convener of innovation platforms.
• Necessary conditions: Social organization of farmers often with
help from NGO’s. Strong brokering and facilitation of stakeholder
engagement and communication. Resources to action opportunities
and create solutions. Learning based M&E systems.
26 | Different ways of organising agriculture innovation• Dr Andy Hall
27. 4. Partnering with the private sector in value chain
innovation
• Strengths. Good for connecting pre-and post-harvest solutions and opportunities. Links access
to technology with access to markets. Strengthens relationships needed to address future
solutions and opportunities. Takes advantage of inclusive business motivations. Identifies new
research priorities.
• Weaknesses: Poorly implemented. Miss-understood as tool for transferring existing
technologies from research. Governance and elite capture. Difficult to hold the attention of
the private sector and becomes farmers group. Ineffective links to policy changes needed to
enable innovation. Unclear how effective platforms can be scaled.
27 | Different ways of organising agriculture innovation• Dr Andy Hall
28. 28 •
5. Solving complex development
challenges through multi-
stakeholder platforms
Different ways of organising agriculture innovation• Dr Andy Hall
29. 5. Solving complex development challenges through
multi-stakeholder platforms
• Tools: multi-level innovation platforms; innovation brokers;
partnerships with mission orientated organizations backbone
organizations and alliances.
• Role of research: Trusted advisor, service provider, strategic
partners, discovery research
• Necessary conditions. Governance and financing
arrangements, coherence between on the ground action and
policy engagement and change.
29 | Different ways of organising agriculture innovation• Dr Andy Hall
30. 5. Solving complex development challenges through
multi-stakeholder platforms
• Strengths: Creates a structure for research to contribute to development challenges
where systemic change is required for technology adoption (health and nutrition,
sustainable food systems)
• Weaknesses: Only few examples of success (e.g. GAIN). Challenges in developing
effective and transparent M&E systems. Who funds basic research capacity building?
30 | Different ways of organising agriculture innovation• Dr Andy Hall
31. Summary
• Innovation is about new uses of ideas not invention.
• Important because its how impact is achieved
• Innovation is not just technological change.
• Many ways of organizing innovation each with its own tools.
• There are challenges with all types of approaches to innovation.
• The key is to select the approach that best suits the task at hand.
31 | Different ways of organising agriculture innovation• Dr Andy Hall
32. References
• World Bank 2012 and Klerkx, Hall, and Leeuwis. (2009) Agricultural Innovation
Systems: An Investment Sourcebook. Washington, DC
http://siteresources.worldbank.org/INTARD/Resources/335807-
1330620492317/9780821386842.pdf
• A.Hall, J.Dijkman & R.Sulaiman. (2010) Research Into Use: Investigating the
Relationship between Agricultural Research and Innovation. UNU-MERIT
Working Papers ISSN 1871-9872
http://www.merit.unu.edu/publications/wppdf/2010/wp2010-044.pdf
Presentation title • Presenter name32 •
33. 33 •
Working in partnerships … who &
how should they be included?
Different ways of organising agriculture innovation• Dr Andy Hall
34. 34 • Different ways of organising agriculture innovation• Dr Andy Hall
Exercise
Break in to 3 groups.
- In Group 1 discuss and identify 5 partners agricultural scientists should work with
and why? On one card write a type of the partners a reason why its valuable to
work with them.
- In Group 2 discuss and identify 5 different problems / need of the different
partners. On one card write a problem you are working on and list the partners you
need to work with to resolve this problem
- In Group 3 discuss and identify 5 problems you are working on and the model of
innovation you would use for dealing with the problem. On a card write a problem
and the model you would use.
35. Andy Hall, CSIRO
Level 1 Ecosystem Science Building, Black Mountain Laboratories, Clunies Ross Rd, Acton, ACT
2602
TEL. +61 477 735 348
andrew.hall@csiro.au
• ADD BUSINESS UNIT/FLAGSHIP NAME
Thank you