This document discusses various weather phenomena like winds, storms, cyclones and extreme weather conditions. It provides examples of weather events that cause weather conditions and lists some common weather events. There are activities that describe cyclones like Cyclone Amphan, explain what to do during earthquakes, thunderstorms and cyclones. It also discusses tools used to measure weather like radar, anemometer, wind vane and barometer. The document talks about weather forecasting apps like AccuWeather and factors they mention in predictions. It provides information on the Indian Meteorological Department and technologies used in weather forecasting like satellites, supercomputers and Doppler radar.

1. Science PBL
Aadvik Gupta

2. Winds, Storms and
Cyclones

3. Wind – Moving
air is called
wind.
• Cyclones – A large scale air mass that rotates
around
• a strong centre of low atmospheric pressure.
Storms – They are a powerful disturbance
of the Atmosphere

4. Extreme Weather Conditions
ACTIVITY 1

5. Weather
Condition
VS.
Weather
Event
•A current Weather Condition is
caused by a Weather Event which
took place in the past.
•In other words Weather Event causes
the Weather Condition.
•For Example – It has been raining
since 2 days and now there is a flood.
•Here raining is a weather event that
has caused the flood which is the
weather condition

6. S.No. Weather Event Elements Present
1. Thunderstorm Rain, Clouds, Lightning,
Thunder, Wind
2. Snowstorm Clouds, Snow, Chilly Wind
3. Cyclone Rainbands, Eye, Eyewall
4. Hail Hailstones

7. Dig Deeper
ACTIVITY 2

8. CYCLONES

13. • Cyclone Amphan
• 16 May 2020 – 21 May 2020
• Super Cyclonic Storm Amphan was a powerful and catastrophic tropical cyclone that caused widespread damage in Eastern India,
specifically West Bengal, and also Bangladesh in May 2020. Highest wind speed: 260 km/h
• Total fatalities: 118
• Date: 16 May 2020 – 21 May 2020
• Damage: > $13.6 billion (2020 USD); (Costliest on record in the North Indian Ocean)
• Category: Category 5 Hurricane (SSHWS)
• Affected areas: India, Bangladesh, Sri Lanka, Odisha, Bhutan, East India

14. Climate Change Is a Challenge for
Sustainable Development
Climate change is the most
Significant challenge to achieving
Sustainable Development, and it
threatens to drag millions of people
Into grinding poverty.
Climate Change related disasters might
make this very difficult as funds will be
diverted to tackle climate change impacts.
Urbanites might find it difficult to respond
to SDG 11 which requires the
establishment of sustainable cities and
communities among other SDG demands.

17. SOS Guide
ACTIVITY 3

18. EARTHQUAKES
 Stay inside
 Drop under heavy
furniture such as a
table, desk, bed or
any solid furniture.
 Cover your head
to prevent being hit
by falling objects.
 Hold onto the
 Don’t go near doors
as they may slam shut
and cause injuries.
 Try to avoid
windows, bookcases,
tall furniture and light
fixtures as the glass
might shatter.
Don’t stay in

19. THUNDERSTORMS

20. CYCLONES

21. Measuring Weather with Tools
ACTIVITY 4

22. Accuweather
• Accuweather is an app which tells
us the accurate weather forecast for
each day.
• It is available on smart phones,
tablets, wired and mobile internet
sites, and smart TVs.
AccuWeather produces local weather videos each
day for use on their own website, on the Local
AccuWeather Channel, on wired Internet and
mobile application and websites. The mobile
application has a minute-by-minute forecast and
also collects crowd-sourced weather observations.

23. STEPS TO USE ACCUWEATHER
You can also
extend the
additional data
for a particular
day.
To see the 15-
day forecast,
tap on
“Forecast.”
The home
screen
displays the
current
weather.
Allow the app
to use your
current
location.
Download the
app and
accept its
terms and
conditions.

24. WEATHER MEASURING TOOLS

25. RADAR
A RADAR is used to measure
cyclones.
Radar works by transmitting
pulses of energy and then
measuring the amount of
energy that is returned to the
radar receiver from various
forms of precipitation.
It is also used to measure
Hurricanes

26. ANEMOMETER
An anemometer is a device
used for measuring wind
speed.
It is also a common weather
station instrument. The term
is derived from the Greek
word anemos, meaning wind.

27. WIND VANE
It is also called weather vane
or weather cock.
It is used to show the
direction of wind.
The word vane comes from
the Old English word fana,
meaning 'flag'.

28. BAROMETER
This instrument is used to
measure air pressure.
It can forecast short term
changes in weather.

29. WIND MILL
Windmills are used for
pumping water or grinding
grain.
It is a structure that converts
wind power into rotational
energy by means of sails.

30. Weather Prediction
ACTIVITY 5

31. Weather Forecasting Apps
• The app I have used to see the
weather forecasting is
AccuWeather
• AccuWeather gathers the best
and most comprehensive weather
data to deliver forecasts with
Superior Accuracy.
• Some other apps are Dark Sky,
Google forecast, NOAA, Weather
Bug, Weather Wiz, Weather
underground, Weather channel
etc.

32. Factors
Mentioned
While
Showing
Predictions
Topic Factors
Highest temperature this month 28’ Celsius
Lowest temperature this month 7’ Celsius
Wind Speed 3km / hr
Max Wind Gusts 6km / hr
Humidity 53 %
Indoor Humidity 47 %
Dew Point 9’
Pressure 1016 mbar
Cloud Cover 0%
Visibility 6 km
Cloud Ceiling None

33. The Indian Meteorological Department is an agency of the Ministry of Earth.
Sciences of the Government of India. It is the principal agency
responsible for meteorological observations, weather forecasting, prepare
weather reports and seismology (the study of earthquakes).
It has the responsibility for forecasting, naming and distribution of warnings
for tropical cyclones in the Northern Indian Ocean region.
Meteorologists are able to predict the changes in weather patterns by
using several different tools. For example, weather balloons are
special balloons that have a weather pack on them that measures
temperature, air pressure, wind speed, and wind direction in all the
layers of the troposphere.

34. Technologies used in weather forecasting
AWIPS Automated surface – observing
systems
Doppler Radar
Radiosondes Satellite Data Supercomputers

35. Meteorological Satellites of India
Meteorological satellites can provide an alternative
means of obtaining weather data to drive ecosystem
models.
Meteorological satellites have either continuous or
daily global coverage, but they are often limited in
their spatial resolution as a result of the high altitude
of their orbits.
Meteorological satellites see more than clouds: city
lights, fires, effects of pollution, auroras, sand
and dust storms, snow cover, ice mapping,
boundaries of ocean currents, energy flows.
GSAT - 18

36. Weather Forecasting tools used in real life scenario
• Scenario 1 = Planning Picnics
• When we plan an outdoor picnic we ensure that the weather
is pleasant and it is not raining.

37. Weather Forecasting tools used in real life scenario
• Scenario 2 = Planning Trips
• When we plan a trip we wish to go somewhere warm and
pleasant so that it is the perfect weather for a trip.
• For that we have to check the weather forecast.