The document outlines the importance of personal safety protocols in preventing dehydration, overexertion, hypothermia, and hyperthermia during moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA). It details various sports-related injuries, their causes, types, and prevention tips, including appropriate equipment use and warm-up techniques. The document emphasizes the need to recognize early warning signs of dehydration and heat illnesses and provides guidelines for safe physical activity participation.

1. QUARTER II
Observes Personal Safety Protocol to avoid
Dehydration, Overexertion, Hypothermia and
Hyperthermia During Moderate-Vigorous
Physical Activity Participation PEH11FH-Ik-t-10

2. LEARNING OBJECTIVES
•Identify and describe different sports injury
•Value the importance of observing safety
protocol to avoid such emergency cases,
•Create a manuscript of safety protocol in
avoiding sports-related injuries,
dehydration, overexertion, hypo-
hyperthermia during MVPA participation.

3. LESSON 3:
SPORTS-RELATED INJURY

4. SPORTS-RELATED INJURIES
•Participation in sports and physical activity
has a lot of positive aspects such as
improving fitness levels and being
involved in a social group with common
interest, it also has negative aspect in the
form of incurring physical injury.

5. SPORTS INJURY
• Injuries may occur when a person engages in
Moderate to Vigorous Physical Activity (MVPA).
• This includes physical activities which span from
moderate progressing to vigorous intensity.
• Brisk walking or cycling and jogging are examples of
moderate activities while aerobic dance or cycling
uphill are vigorous activities.
• On the other hand, sports injuries are those that
happen when playing sports or performing exercises.

6. •Some are from accidents. Others can result
from poor training practices or improper gear.
•Some people get injured when they are not in
proper condition.
•No proper warm-up and stretching before
you play or exercise can also lead to injuries.

7. INJURIES
•Damage tissues or organs which
occur when it encounters trauma or
physical force that is greater than
what it can resist or absorb.

8. DIFFERENT TYPES OF
SPORTS-RELATED
INJURY

10. SPRAIN
• Is a tear of ligament fibers, muscles
or tendons supporting a joint.
• This can occur when a joint is
extended beyond its normal range
of movement.
• May involve a small number of
fibers through to a complete
rupture.
• In extreme circumstances, the
fibers of the ligament, muscle or
tendon may remain intact and rip
from the bone.

11. STRAINS
•Involve the stretching,
partial tearing or complete
tearing of a muscle or
tendon.
•Strains are categorized as
first, second, and third
degree.
•Chronic strains are injuries
that gradually build up from
overuse or repetitive stress.

13. CONTUSION
•Bruise is bleeding into the
soft tissue.
•It is caused by a direct
blow from another
person, an implement or
an object.
•A bruise can occur to any
soft tissue of the body.

14. CONCUSSION
• Caused by a direct blow to the
head.
• Depending on the severity of
the concussion, injury can
cause varying levels of
impairment of brain function.
• Can be categorized as mild
(grade 1), moderate (grade 2),
or severe (grade 3) depending
upon the symptoms.

15. DISLOCATION
•Occurs when the ball
of a joint is forced out
of its socket (i.e. arm
forced out the
shoulder joint).
•A dislocation must be
reset by proper
medical professionals.

16. FRACTURE
•Is a break, crack, or
shattering of a bone.
•In closed fractures, the
broken bone does not
pierce the skin.
•In open fractures, the
broken bone breaks the
skins surface.

17. SPORTS INJURY PREVENTION TIPS
1. Wear Safety Equipment
• Protective gear is whatever you
put on to keep yourself safe from
harm. The equipment you wear is
determined by the sport you
participate in.
• Helmets are the most popular
piece of safety equipment. They
safeguard your vital head when
participating in sports such as
football, hockey, baseball, softball,
bicycling, skateboarding, and
inline skating, to mention a few.
• Eye protection, mouthguards,
padding, wrist, elbow, and knee
protectors, and a protective cup (for
boys only) are also required for other
sports. Don’t forget about your feet.
Football, baseball, softball, and
soccer all use cleats. The soles of
these shoes feature unique rubber or
plastic points on them to help your
feet grip the ground when running.
• Consult your parents or coach to
determine what equipment you will
require. Then, whether you’re
training or playing, put on that gear.

18. 2. Start with warming up
• It’s not a good idea to show
up on the field and begin
playing right away.
• You shouldn’t even begin
stretching until you’ve
warmed up a little.
• So go for a little jog to
loosen up and get ready to
play.
3. Increase flexibility
• Stretching activities after
sports or practices might
help you become more
flexible.
• Stretching should also be a
part of your regular
workout routine.

19. 4. Make use of the correct
technique:- This should be
emphasized throughout
the season.
5. Take pauses:
• Taking breaks throughout
practice and games can
help to prevent injuries
and heat sickness.
6. Play it safe:
• Strict regulations should
be enforced against
headfirst sliding (baseball
and softball), spearing
(football), and checking
(hockey).
7. Playing through pain is
not a good idea.

20. 8. Avoid heat illness–
• Drink lots of water
before, during, and after
exercise or play; reduce
or cancel practices or
contests during high
heat/humidity times, and
dress in light clothing to
avoid heat sickness.

21. Q2, LESSON 4
Safety protocol to avoid;
*Dehydration *Overexertion
*Hypothermia
*Hyperthermia

22. DEHYDRATION
•Refers to excessive loss
of water from the body,
usually through
perspiration or
sweating, urination, or
evaporation.
•Occurs when your
body losses ore fluid
than you take in.

23. EARLY WARNING SIGNS OF
DEHYDRATION
•Feeling thirsty and lightheaded
•A dry mouth
•Tiredness
•Having dark colored, strong smelling urine
•Passing urine less often than normal

24. WHAT CAUSES DEHYDRATION?
•Not drinking enough fluids,
•The climate,
•Amount of physical exercises
you are doing,

25. PREVENTION
•Take/Drink plenty of water before, during,
and after any physical activity
participation.
•Eat foods high in water and electrolytes
such as fruits and vegetables.
•Letting thirst be your guide.

26. OVEREXERTION
•This refers to the
detrimental cause
of excessive training
•Also commonly
called as
overtraining

27. SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS
• Not eating enough
• Soreness, stain, and pain
• Overuse injuries
• Fatigue
• Reduced appetite
weight losses
• Irritability and agitation
• Persistent injuries or
muscle pain
• Decline in performance
• Disturbed sleep
• Decrease immunity or
illness
• Weight gain
• Loss of motivation

28. PREVENTION
•Schedule regular rest days after long or
demanding workouts
•Don’t allow for too much time to lapse
between workout session.
•Schedule active rest days that include low
impact activities, such as walking, yoga, slow
dances, etc.

29. HYPOTHERMIA
• It is caused by prolonged
exposures to very cold
temperature
• When exposed to cold
temperatures, your body
begins to lose heat faster than
it’s produced.
• Lengthy exposures will
eventually use up your body’s
stored energy, which leads to
lower body temperature.
Signs and symptoms of
hypothermia
•Shivering
•Exhaustion
•Confusion
•Slurred speech
•Drowsiness

30. PREVENTION
•Get the person into a warm room or shelter
•Remove any wet clothing the person is wearing
•Warm drinks can help increase body
temperature, but do not give alcoholic drinks, do
not try to give beverage to unconscious person
•Get the person proper medical attention as
possible.

31. HYPERTHERMIA
•An abnormally high body
temperature.
•Overheating
•Occurs when the body
absorbs or generates more
heat than it can release.
•Usually a result of
overexertion in hot humid
conditions.
Types of hyperthermia
•Heat cramps-muscle
cramps
•Heat exhaustion
•Heat rash
•Heat stress
•Heatstroke

32. SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS
• Blurred visions
• Dizziness
• Fast breathing or heart rate
• Fatigue
• Headache
• Low blood pressure
• Muscle aches or cramps
• Nausea and vomiting
• weakness
•Anhidrosis(dry skin that
doesn’t sweat
•Balance problem
•Delirium or
disorientation
•Low or high blood
pressure
•Seizures

33. PREVENTION
•Stop physical activity and rest in a cool, well-
ventilated environment.
•Remove heavy or tight clothing.
•Drink slightly salty beverage to replace lost
electrolytes.
•Apply a cool compress to your skin.
•Gently stretch any muscle that are cramping

34. PERFORMANCE OUTPUT
* Create a manuscript of safety
protocol in avoiding dehydration,
overexertion, hypo-hyperthermia
during MVPA participation.