On what we know and what we don’t know about the photocatalytic conversion of...Hariprasad Narayanan
Reduction of carbon dioxide into value added fuels and chemicals has been an interested field of research both in terms of energy as well as in environmental point of view. In photocatalytic reduction, in principle, the material harnesses the natural sun and atmospheric carbon dioxide in a sustainable pathway and convert it into chemicals and fuels, which requires a series of electron and proton transfer reactions, a style similar to the natural photosynthesis. Only the fruition of the technology, even in research laboratory scale is still a challenge due to the ‘n’ number of hurdles associated with the procedure. The mechanistic aspects are yet not readable or the current knowledge is not sufficient to explain the exact reaction mechanism. Amazingly, no arguments or controversies going on these issues among the scientific community. Out of all ‘n’ number of hurdles, here we are debating the mystery behind the mechanistic aspects of CO2 reduction.
Visible light – Photosynthesis
Infra red light – Warmth of earth at high altitudes
Ultraviolet light – Ionosphere (Ozone layer)
Light reaching earth depends on angle of incidence, altitude, latitude, season, clouds, fog, suspended particles, dust, water drops, smog (pollution) and time of day.
primary productivity, photosynthesis, the primary producers in the aquatic environment. the factors affecting primary productivity in water, gross and net primary productivity, methods of measuring primary productivity based on measurements of oxygen evoution, carbohydrate estimation and chlorophyll method. the methods include radiocarbon(C14) method, C13 method , dark and light bottle method chlorophyll method, remote sensing and also incubation
Water as a solvent in microwave assisted organic synthesisPrashantChavan93
Prashant Chavan
Reserach Scholar
M.S.(Pharm) in Medicinal Chemistry
National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research Mohali, Punjab (India) 160062
mcm20_prashant@niper.ac.in
Photocatalysis has now become an emerging scientific discipline due to its interdisciplinary nature. The wide range of research groups is now working on different aspects of photocatalysis worldwide. It is one of the technology the world looking forward to address environmental as well as energy related issues. Hence we can call it as a technology for the future or a dream technology! We need to overcome too many hurdles to implement this technology in real life. Like any other discipline there is a lot of misunderstanding/ misconceptions in photocatalysis.
Most frequently cited article in the field of photocatalysis is by Fujishima and Honda published in 1972 in nature and it has been cited by the photocatalytic community as an origin of photocatalysis. This aspect is not true at all. This article cannot be the origin of photocatalysis. This article only promoted photocatalytic studies. The author itself, actually, started a research career in the “boom” of photocatalytic studies initiated by this article.
This small presentation aims to deliver some misconceptions like above in photocatalysis. The entire presentation is based on different personal commentaries written by Jean Mary Hermann and Bunsho Ohtani. Some recent articles relevant to the topic are collected by the speaker itself and put it in one platform.
Pollution is the introduction of contaminants into the natural environment that cause adverse change. Pollution can take the form of chemical substances or energy, such as noise, heat or light. Pollutants, the components of pollution, can be either foreign substances/energies or naturally occurring contaminants. Pollution is often classed as point source or nonpoint source pollution. In 2015, pollution killed 9 million people in the world.
Major forms of pollution include Air pollution, light pollution, littering, noise pollution, plastic pollution, soil contamination, radioactive contamination, thermal pollution, visual pollution, water pollution.
An environmental hazard is a substance, a state, or an event that has the potential to threaten the surrounding natural environment / or adversely affect people's health, including n]] and natural disasters such as storms and earthquakes.
Any single or combination of toxic chemical, biological, or physical agents in the environment, resulting from human activities or natural processes, that may impact the health of exposed subjects, including pollutants such as heavy metals, pesticides, biological contaminants, toxic waste, industrial and home chemicals.
Human-made hazards while not immediately health-threatening may turn out detrimental to man's well-being eventually, because deterioration in the environment can produce secondary, unwanted negative effects on the human ecosphere. The effects of water pollution may not be immediately visible because of a sewage system that helps drain off toxic substances. If those substances turn out to be persistent (e.g. persistent organic pollutants), however, they will literally be fed back to their producers via the food chain: plankton -> edible fish -> humans. In that respect, a considerable number of environmental hazards listed below are man-made (anthropogenic) hazards.
Hazards can be categorized in four types:
1. Chemical
2. Physical (mechanical, etc.)
3. Biological
4. Psychosocial Hazards
On what we know and what we don’t know about the photocatalytic conversion of...Hariprasad Narayanan
Reduction of carbon dioxide into value added fuels and chemicals has been an interested field of research both in terms of energy as well as in environmental point of view. In photocatalytic reduction, in principle, the material harnesses the natural sun and atmospheric carbon dioxide in a sustainable pathway and convert it into chemicals and fuels, which requires a series of electron and proton transfer reactions, a style similar to the natural photosynthesis. Only the fruition of the technology, even in research laboratory scale is still a challenge due to the ‘n’ number of hurdles associated with the procedure. The mechanistic aspects are yet not readable or the current knowledge is not sufficient to explain the exact reaction mechanism. Amazingly, no arguments or controversies going on these issues among the scientific community. Out of all ‘n’ number of hurdles, here we are debating the mystery behind the mechanistic aspects of CO2 reduction.
Visible light – Photosynthesis
Infra red light – Warmth of earth at high altitudes
Ultraviolet light – Ionosphere (Ozone layer)
Light reaching earth depends on angle of incidence, altitude, latitude, season, clouds, fog, suspended particles, dust, water drops, smog (pollution) and time of day.
primary productivity, photosynthesis, the primary producers in the aquatic environment. the factors affecting primary productivity in water, gross and net primary productivity, methods of measuring primary productivity based on measurements of oxygen evoution, carbohydrate estimation and chlorophyll method. the methods include radiocarbon(C14) method, C13 method , dark and light bottle method chlorophyll method, remote sensing and also incubation
Water as a solvent in microwave assisted organic synthesisPrashantChavan93
Prashant Chavan
Reserach Scholar
M.S.(Pharm) in Medicinal Chemistry
National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research Mohali, Punjab (India) 160062
mcm20_prashant@niper.ac.in
Photocatalysis has now become an emerging scientific discipline due to its interdisciplinary nature. The wide range of research groups is now working on different aspects of photocatalysis worldwide. It is one of the technology the world looking forward to address environmental as well as energy related issues. Hence we can call it as a technology for the future or a dream technology! We need to overcome too many hurdles to implement this technology in real life. Like any other discipline there is a lot of misunderstanding/ misconceptions in photocatalysis.
Most frequently cited article in the field of photocatalysis is by Fujishima and Honda published in 1972 in nature and it has been cited by the photocatalytic community as an origin of photocatalysis. This aspect is not true at all. This article cannot be the origin of photocatalysis. This article only promoted photocatalytic studies. The author itself, actually, started a research career in the “boom” of photocatalytic studies initiated by this article.
This small presentation aims to deliver some misconceptions like above in photocatalysis. The entire presentation is based on different personal commentaries written by Jean Mary Hermann and Bunsho Ohtani. Some recent articles relevant to the topic are collected by the speaker itself and put it in one platform.
Pollution is the introduction of contaminants into the natural environment that cause adverse change. Pollution can take the form of chemical substances or energy, such as noise, heat or light. Pollutants, the components of pollution, can be either foreign substances/energies or naturally occurring contaminants. Pollution is often classed as point source or nonpoint source pollution. In 2015, pollution killed 9 million people in the world.
Major forms of pollution include Air pollution, light pollution, littering, noise pollution, plastic pollution, soil contamination, radioactive contamination, thermal pollution, visual pollution, water pollution.
An environmental hazard is a substance, a state, or an event that has the potential to threaten the surrounding natural environment / or adversely affect people's health, including n]] and natural disasters such as storms and earthquakes.
Any single or combination of toxic chemical, biological, or physical agents in the environment, resulting from human activities or natural processes, that may impact the health of exposed subjects, including pollutants such as heavy metals, pesticides, biological contaminants, toxic waste, industrial and home chemicals.
Human-made hazards while not immediately health-threatening may turn out detrimental to man's well-being eventually, because deterioration in the environment can produce secondary, unwanted negative effects on the human ecosphere. The effects of water pollution may not be immediately visible because of a sewage system that helps drain off toxic substances. If those substances turn out to be persistent (e.g. persistent organic pollutants), however, they will literally be fed back to their producers via the food chain: plankton -> edible fish -> humans. In that respect, a considerable number of environmental hazards listed below are man-made (anthropogenic) hazards.
Hazards can be categorized in four types:
1. Chemical
2. Physical (mechanical, etc.)
3. Biological
4. Psychosocial Hazards
Photosynthesis is an inevitable process that keeps us alive.It is the main source for food and it's byproduct keeps us breathing. This ppt is the detailed explanation of photosynthesis and the components involved in it. Here you can easily understand the concept and you are able to strengthen your grip on this topic.
Francesca Gottschalk - How can education support child empowerment.pptxEduSkills OECD
Francesca Gottschalk from the OECD’s Centre for Educational Research and Innovation presents at the Ask an Expert Webinar: How can education support child empowerment?
June 3, 2024 Anti-Semitism Letter Sent to MIT President Kornbluth and MIT Cor...Levi Shapiro
Letter from the Congress of the United States regarding Anti-Semitism sent June 3rd to MIT President Sally Kornbluth, MIT Corp Chair, Mark Gorenberg
Dear Dr. Kornbluth and Mr. Gorenberg,
The US House of Representatives is deeply concerned by ongoing and pervasive acts of antisemitic
harassment and intimidation at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT). Failing to act decisively to ensure a safe learning environment for all students would be a grave dereliction of your responsibilities as President of MIT and Chair of the MIT Corporation.
This Congress will not stand idly by and allow an environment hostile to Jewish students to persist. The House believes that your institution is in violation of Title VI of the Civil Rights Act, and the inability or
unwillingness to rectify this violation through action requires accountability.
Postsecondary education is a unique opportunity for students to learn and have their ideas and beliefs challenged. However, universities receiving hundreds of millions of federal funds annually have denied
students that opportunity and have been hijacked to become venues for the promotion of terrorism, antisemitic harassment and intimidation, unlawful encampments, and in some cases, assaults and riots.
The House of Representatives will not countenance the use of federal funds to indoctrinate students into hateful, antisemitic, anti-American supporters of terrorism. Investigations into campus antisemitism by the Committee on Education and the Workforce and the Committee on Ways and Means have been expanded into a Congress-wide probe across all relevant jurisdictions to address this national crisis. The undersigned Committees will conduct oversight into the use of federal funds at MIT and its learning environment under authorities granted to each Committee.
• The Committee on Education and the Workforce has been investigating your institution since December 7, 2023. The Committee has broad jurisdiction over postsecondary education, including its compliance with Title VI of the Civil Rights Act, campus safety concerns over disruptions to the learning environment, and the awarding of federal student aid under the Higher Education Act.
• The Committee on Oversight and Accountability is investigating the sources of funding and other support flowing to groups espousing pro-Hamas propaganda and engaged in antisemitic harassment and intimidation of students. The Committee on Oversight and Accountability is the principal oversight committee of the US House of Representatives and has broad authority to investigate “any matter” at “any time” under House Rule X.
• The Committee on Ways and Means has been investigating several universities since November 15, 2023, when the Committee held a hearing entitled From Ivory Towers to Dark Corners: Investigating the Nexus Between Antisemitism, Tax-Exempt Universities, and Terror Financing. The Committee followed the hearing with letters to those institutions on January 10, 202
Macroeconomics- Movie Location
This will be used as part of your Personal Professional Portfolio once graded.
Objective:
Prepare a presentation or a paper using research, basic comparative analysis, data organization and application of economic information. You will make an informed assessment of an economic climate outside of the United States to accomplish an entertainment industry objective.
Read| The latest issue of The Challenger is here! We are thrilled to announce that our school paper has qualified for the NATIONAL SCHOOLS PRESS CONFERENCE (NSPC) 2024. Thank you for your unwavering support and trust. Dive into the stories that made us stand out!
Embracing GenAI - A Strategic ImperativePeter Windle
Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies such as Generative AI, Image Generators and Large Language Models have had a dramatic impact on teaching, learning and assessment over the past 18 months. The most immediate threat AI posed was to Academic Integrity with Higher Education Institutes (HEIs) focusing their efforts on combating the use of GenAI in assessment. Guidelines were developed for staff and students, policies put in place too. Innovative educators have forged paths in the use of Generative AI for teaching, learning and assessments leading to pockets of transformation springing up across HEIs, often with little or no top-down guidance, support or direction.
This Gasta posits a strategic approach to integrating AI into HEIs to prepare staff, students and the curriculum for an evolving world and workplace. We will highlight the advantages of working with these technologies beyond the realm of teaching, learning and assessment by considering prompt engineering skills, industry impact, curriculum changes, and the need for staff upskilling. In contrast, not engaging strategically with Generative AI poses risks, including falling behind peers, missed opportunities and failing to ensure our graduates remain employable. The rapid evolution of AI technologies necessitates a proactive and strategic approach if we are to remain relevant.
Unit 8 - Information and Communication Technology (Paper I).pdfThiyagu K
This slides describes the basic concepts of ICT, basics of Email, Emerging Technology and Digital Initiatives in Education. This presentations aligns with the UGC Paper I syllabus.